• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2015

This study contemplates the tendency of the examination questions for History of Korean Landscape Architecture. The study targets the questions of 'Landscape Architecture History' which has been set in the written test for National Qualification Test of a landscape engineer for recent 10 years from 2005 to 2014 and derives analyzable items based on the guidelines of question-setting presented by Human Resources Development Service of Korea. The results of the study are drawn as follows. First, among 5 areas composing Landscape History, the proportion of Korean Landscape questions is getting increased while that of Western ones is decreasing. Second, about 30 traditional trees and 11 types of traditional landscape elements including traditional facilities were shown in Korean Landscape questions. Besides, history, geographic, practical science, horticulture, anthology books and the 25 tradition landscape-related historic documents categorized as the garden painting data were found. And the kings from ancient era to Choseon Dynasty who were associated with the time of palace garden building, the builders or owners of the villas, the authors of the document and Chinese scholars also appeared. Third, there were no the questions of prehistoric times and Balhae Kingdom, whereas those of Choseon Dynasty were dominantly focused. Among the traditional sites of Choseon Dynasty, Byeolseo(villas) were set most, followed by Dosung or Gung-gweol(castle towns or palaces), houses, Nu Jeong Dea(pavilions) and Seowon(local schools) in order. Nak-an eupseong and Yong-ju sa were the only cases for a castle town and a temple each. Fourth, being associated with tradition spaces, the questions asked for understanding the detailed contents of time of sites' construction, builders, location features, building structures, ground plan types and the components s of garden. In addition, as a result of checking whether traditional landscape sites were shown in the set questions in 9 Korean Landscape textbooks, Dongchundang, Pungamjeonsa, Simgogseowon did not appeared. As a result of reviewing the tendency of the examination questions for History of Korean Landscape Architecture, the questions which ask minor facts without generality and which include difficult information and site uncomprehended in the textbook should be reconsidered.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

This study described partial discharge(PD) distribution analysis between the XLPE(Cross-Linked PolyEthylene)and EPDM(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) interface with unsupervised classification. The ${\phi}-q-n$ patterns were analyzed using phase resolved partial discharge(PRPD). K-means cluster analysis forms a cluster based on similarities and distances among scattered individuals, and analyzes the characteristics of the formed clusters, dividing the multivariate data into several groups according to the similarity of each characteristic, Is a statistical analysis that makes it easier to navigate. It was confirmed that the phase angle of the cluster with the maximum discharge charge was concentrated around $0^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ at 30 kV after the initial phase distribution localized around $90^{\circ}$ and $300^{\circ}$ expanded to the whole phase angle according to the voltage rise. The Euclidean distance between the center of gravity and the discharge charge in the ${\Phi}-q$ cluster increased with increasing applied voltage.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.40-48
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• 2023

This study is part of a foundational research effort aimed at developing a suitability index for breeding grounds related to avian activities along the domestic South and West coasts, including islands. Focus Group Interviews (FGI) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analyses were conducted. The results are as follows. First, as a result of determining the value of the suitability of coastal bird breeding sites, the 'Natural Value(0.763)' was higher than the 'Artificial Value(0.237)'. Other artificial values were identified as sub-ranked except for 'Protected Areas' to ensure continuous integrity of breeding spaces. Second, as a result of re-establishing the 25 evaluation items classified in the two-time FGI as higher concepts, nine natural values and five artificial values were finally selected as a total of 14. Third, the results of the mid-classification evaluation of the importance of the suitability of coastal bird breeding sites were identified in the order of 'Ecological Value(0.392)', 'Topographic Value(0.251)', 'Passive Interference(0.124)', 'Geological Value(0.120)', and 'Active Interference(0.113)'. Fourth, the results of the priority of evaluation items of coastal bird breeding sites were in the order of 'Vegetation Distribution (0.187)', 'Area of Mudflats(0.118)', 'Presence or Absence of Mudflats(0.092)', 'Appearance of Natural Enemies(0.087)', 'Protected Areas(0.08)', 'Island Area (0.069)', 'Over-Breeding devastation(0.064)', 'Soil Composition Ratio(0.056)', 'Distance from Land(0.054)', 'Ocean farm area (0.045)', 'Cultivated land area(0.041)', 'Cultivation behavior(0.038)', 'Angle of the Surface(0.036)', and 'Land Use(0.033)'. It is judged that the weighting result value of the evaluation items derived in this study can be used for priority evaluation focusing on the coastal bird breeding area space. However, it seems that the correlation with the unique habitat suitability of bird individuals needs to be supplemented, and spatial analysis research incorporating species-specific characteristics will be left as a future task.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2012

This study aims at assessment of local festivals focused on analysis of operation program for local festivals held in Jeonbuk province. The subjects were 65 local festivals held in Jeonbuk in 2010 excluding festivals held in province, county, and town level, and those held with single purpose. Type of festivals were classified to type for residents' unity, tourism, industry, and special purpose type. The portion was industry type 36.9%, type for residents' unity 23.1% in the order. By theme, animal, plant, nature phenomenon, history, culture and tradition, special product, regional industry were classified - the portion was special product 36.9%, culture and tradition 24.6%, history 13.8%. Assessment of operation program was conducted with assessment indexes such as compliance with theme, uniqueness, diversity, effect of experience, size, educational effect, and entertainment. As a result, it appeared that because local festivals of Jeonbuk had high uniqueness, duplication of program between local festivals was very low and educational effect was comparatively high. On the other hand, because entertainment and effect of experience was very low, considerations of entertainment and effect of experience are necessary in planning of program.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.113-119
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• 2012

디지털 기술의 급속한 발전으로 시간과 공간의 제약이 없는 인프라 환경이 구현되면서 더욱 더 유연하고 빠른 적응성에 대한 요구가 정치, 경제, 문화 전반에 확산됨에 따라 IT 기술을 통해서 이러한 요구를 충족시킬 수 있는 서비스로 대두되고 있는 것이 바로 클라우드 서비스이다. 이러한 클라우드 서비스 시대의 개막은 관련 기업뿐만아니라 공공기관, 개인에 이르기까지 모든 영역의 서비스 이용자들의 삶에도 큰 변화를 가져오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 더욱 더 사회적 이슈가 되고 있는 고령화 사회에 대응하기 위한 클라우드 서비스 비즈니즈 모델을 개발하기 위한 프레임워크를 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 고령화 사회를 정의하고 변화를 분석하고 클라우드 산업 비즈니스 모델 구성요소를 찾기 위한 시장 다이나믹스 분석을 통해 클라우드 비즈니스 모델에 영향을 주는 시니어 마켓 변화 동인을 확인하고 시니어 마켓을 활성화하기 위해 고령층의 니즈를 분류한다. 그리고 고객니즈 변화 분석과 가치사슬분석을 하여 나온 고객니즈와 제공하는 기능을 축으로 비즈니스 모델을 설계한다. 또한 시니어 마켓 변화 동인에 따른 환경변화 속에서 성장을 지속 가능하게 하는 비즈니스 모델 진화를 분석한다. 마지막으로 변화하는 비즈니스 모델을 평가하기 위한 프레임워크를 제시하여 기업 상황에 맞는 비즈니스 모델을 선택하는데 도움을 두고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.3
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• pp.337-351
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• 2015

The articles, published in the Journal of Korean Forest Society from Volume 1 (1962) to Volume 102 (2013), were investigated for the research trend analysis about forest plants for special purposes, i.e., edible plants, medicinal plants, feed resources, landscape plants, fiber plants, industrial usage, bee plants, bioenergy/phytoremediation uses, dye materials, and rare/endangered/endemic plants. These research articles were classified again based on the contents of research into following categories - habitat environment, ecology, physiology, propagation, silviculture (including planting and tending), genetics and breeding, identification, pest and disease control, animal-related research, components analysis and extracts, vegetation survey, biotechnology, management, recreation and forest healing, and research review. Among the total 2,433 articles published, 611 (25.1%) were related to plants for special usage or purposes. The highest frequency (14.9%) in publications was found in the field of silviculture followed by physiology, propagation, identification, and genetics and breeding, respectively. On the bases of usage, edible plants showed higher frequency (26.5%) than others, followed by industrial purpose, bioenergy/phytoremediation usage, landscape plants, medicinal plants, and rare/endangered/endemic plants. Populus plant species was the most popular in research, showing 62 articles; and Castanea crenata 36; Pinus koraiensis 35; Robinia pseudoacacia 20; Ginko biloba 17, etc. Based on the survey and analysis, the following points are suggested: 1) improved evaluation of forest plants as non-wood resources, 2) expanding research topics on the basis of production, management, and utilization of non-wood forest resources, 3) management of database of forest plant information and encouragement needed to strengthen cooperative researches satisfying the needs of other industrial and scientific areas, and 4) encouraging to promote traditional knowledge based research on forest plants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.23-39
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• 2017

This study began from the question, "is there a way to efficiently apply industrial demand in the university curriculum?" Research focused on how to actively accept and respond to the era of the NCS (National Competency Standards). In order to apply NCS to individual departments of the university, industrial personnel must positively participate to form a practical-level curriculum by the NCS, which can be linked to the work and qualifications. A valid procedure for developing a curriculum based on the NCS of this study is as follows: First, the university must select a specific classification of NCS considering the relevant industry outlook, the speciality of professors in the university, the relationship with regional industries and the prospects for future employment, and the need for industrial manpower. Second, departments must establish a type of human resource that compromises goals for the university education and the missions of the chosen NCS. In this process, a unique competency unit of the university that can support the basic or applied subjects should be added to the task model. Third, the task model based on the NCS should be completed through the verification of each competency unit considering the acceptance or rejection in the curriculum. Fourth, subjects in response to each competency units within the task model should be developed while considering time and credits according to university regulations. After this, a clear subject description of how to operate and evaluate the contents of the curriculum should be created. Fifth, a roadmap for determining the period of operating subjects for each semester or year should be built. This roadmap will become a basis for the competency achievement frame to decide upon the adoption of a Process Evaluation Qualification System. In order for the NCS to be successfully established within the university, a consensus on the necessity of the NCS should be preceded by professors, students and staff members. Unlike a traditional curriculum by professors, the student-oriented NCS curriculum is needed sufficient understanding and empathy for the many sacrifices and commitment of the members of the university.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.11-18
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• 2023

This study aims to distinguish what can be used in consideration of the national situation with Korea for Chinese Scenic and Historic Interest Areas, and the results are as follows; First, the Chinese Scenic and Historic Interest Areas expanded to the existing scenic cruise culture, travel, and tourism culture in the process of the influx of Western culture in the modern and contemporary era, and became popular as a travel destination. Accordingly, the Chinese government developed the tourism industry around the scenic sites, and thanks to the development of transportation and communication, the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas has become an important national heritage. This influenced the establishment of the system related to Scenic and Historic Interest Areas, and today, it is operated around the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas ordinance. Second, the designation of the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas is divided into the size of the site according to the area, and the process of selecting the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas classification, rating evaluation, and comprehensive value evaluation according to evaluation indicators and rating standards is carried out. Accordingly, according to the results of the classification, it is subdivided from the national level to the Scenic and Historic Interest Areas at the local level. Third, the central government is in charge of managing and supervising Scenic and Historic Interest Areas across the country, and the local government's construction department is in charge of supervising Scenic and Historic Interest Areas in the region. The management organization of Scenic and Historic Interest Areas established by local governments above the county level has a system that actually protects, utilizes, and manages Scenic and Historic Interest Areas. In addition, 14 detailed indicators are used to monitor Scenic and Historic Interest Areas. Based on these results, considering the application of the domestic scenic site policy, the method of developing the policy that has established the system from the perspective of the utilization of the people is worth considering. On the other hand, the evaluation of the designation and management system through the setting of various indicators has limitations in that it is difficult to secure objectivity in impressing or evaluating the landscape. Therefore, rather than blindly introducing quantified evaluation, it seems that guidance and promotion on how to expand consensus on scenic values and enjoy heritage should be prioritized.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.31-39
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• 2012

In this study, biodiversity was classified as 4 sectors (genes, species, ecosystems, and cultures) and overall 14 indicators were subdivided by the classification criterion of 4 sectors. Among those 14 indicators, monetary evaluation was conducted for 11 indicators that can be quantified in economic perspectives. Results show that negative economy effects (forest degradation, forest fire, forest damage caused by diseases and insects, deforestation, and cost under the assumption with the adoption of the Nagoya Protocol to be compensated for traditional knowledge) by reducing forest biodiversity were evaluated as 254.5 billion won annually. Also, Bioindustry, indigenous species, forest production, protection area, and income associated with mountain village were considered as positive economy effects and their annual economic value was 6.72 trillion won. Net annual benefit by maintaining forest biodiversity was about 6.5 trillion won.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.901-907
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• 2024

The desire to be beautiful naturally focuses on aesthetics, and the beauty industry is growing significantly accordingly. Among them, art makeup is developing in the beauty field as a creative and experimental art field that breaks away from the fixed framework centered on color and expression. Art makeup is a field that requires research on a new artistic form of art makeup that applies formative principles through design ideas based on integrated arts such as fashion, architecture, and art according to formative principles. Formative principles were classified into balance, unity, emphasis, and rhythm, and practical cases based on his applied integrated arts were divided into landscaping, architecture, flowers, painting, fashion, and interior design, and art makeup design using formative principles was analyzed. Accordingly, we aim to contribute to the development of new designs by explaining how makeup design forms that apply formative principles are being applied in the field of art makeup, exploring expansion into creative areas, and providing academic theoretical foundations and basic materials for the development of art makeup.