• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.17 no.2 s.35
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• pp.115-123
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• 1978

Present status on the pesticides production, supply, manufacture and pests control in Korea are summarized. The data in the past several years (1971-76) are analyzed to find out the problems and solutions for the further development of plant protection and pesticide industry in Korea. Since the acreages of crop plantation and the quantities of pesticides uses are already near to the stage of plateau, pesticide formulation with imported technical grade should be modified by local synthesis with imported quality. The government pesticides management act and regulations must be modernized urgently in connection with the synthesis. formulation, tests, registration, quality control. price and supply system as well as the safety use of pesticides. Recommendation concerning acceptable daily intakes(ADI) and residue limits must be established for the strengthning pesticide safety use and plant protection activities as soon as possible. The use of fungicide-insectide mixture in dust formulation must be authorized and practiced immediately for the labor saving and one-hit cooperative mass control of rice disease and insect pests, especially. At present, serious considerations on pesticide safety use and integrated pest control are strongly urged to help the farmers, to save the industries and to keep the nature as it is required.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.227-236
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• 2017

This study attempted to develop and investigate the effects of hair-nourishing cosmetics containing saponin astragaloside from Astragalus membranaceus Bunge on eyebrow growth and development for eventual product development. For this, current use of hair nutrients was investigated in general consumers through a questionnaire survey. A test was conducted for 6 weeks against the same subjects divided into two groups: experimental group with 0.5% saponin astragaloside on the right eyebrow and control group without any astragaloside on the left eyebrow. The results were as follows. In the control group, no significant changes were found in terms of eyebrow length and thickness. In the experimental group with 0.5% saponin astragaloside added, eyebrow length, root, and thickness of the middle area considerably increased. In other words, saponin astragaloside was confirmed an effective natural substance. In addition, subjective assessments such as usability, marketability, and satisfaction assessments supported the usability and market value of saponin astragaloside. Such results reveal that hair-nourishing cosmetics containing saponin astragaloside from Astragalus membranaceus Bunge would be helpful in improving and maintaining eyebrow growth for those concerned about loss and shortening of their eyebrows, showing the potential of product development.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 2010

Alkaline protease-overproducing strains of Vibrio metschnikovii were developed by using the molecular evolution from the classical mutants V. metschnikovii L12-23, N4-8, and KS1. Each vapK (Vibrio alkaline protease K) was obtained from the genomic DNAs of mutants by PCR to carry out the DNA shuffling. The modified vapK-1 obtained by DNA shuffling was used again as a template for the error-prone PCR to make the vapK-2. Both genes were cloned in the plasmid pKF3 to construct the recombinant plasmids which have one or two copies of the modified genes. The recombinant plasmids were back-transformed to V. metschnikovii KS1 to construct recombinant V. metschnikovii that expresses the alkaline protease. About 3.9-fold more protease activity was measured in the strain which has the plasmid containing two copies of vapK-2 when compared to strain KS1. When compared to wild type V. metschnikovii RH530, 43-fold more activity was achieved. Comparison of amino acids among vapK, vapK-1, and vapK-2 revealed that the active sites was highly conserved and not changed. However, many amino acids except the active sites were changed. These results suggested that the changes in amino acids might play an important role in the increase of protease activity by allowing the easy access of substrate to active sites of the protease. The fermentation of alkaline protease from the V. metschnikovii KS1 harboring the plasmid that contains two copies of vapK-1 showed the possibility of this strain to be used as industrial producer.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.536-544
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• 2016

Recently, with the increase in the number of high rise and huge scaled buildings, ultra-high strength concrete with 80~100 MPa has been used increasingly to withstand excessive loads. Among the components of concrete, the effects of the kinds and properties of fine aggregates on the performance and economic advantages of ultra-high strength concrete need to be evaluated carefully. Therefore, this study examined the effects of the type of fine aggregates and mixing methods on the engineering properties of ultra-high strength concrete by varying the fine aggregates including limestone fine aggregate (LFA), electrical arc slag fine aggregate (EFA), washed sea sand (SFA), and granite fine aggregate (GFA) and their mixtures. Ultra-high strength concrete was fabricated with a 20 % water to binder ratio (W/B) and incorporated with 70 % of Ordinary Portland cement: 20 % of fly ash:10 % silica fume. The test results indicate that for a given superplasticizer dose, the use of LFA resulted in increases in slump flow and L-flow compared to the mixtures using other aggregates due to the improved particle shape and grading of LFA. In addition, the use of LFA and EFA led to enhanced compressive strength and a decrease in autogenous shrinkage due to the improved elastic properties of LFA and the presence of free-CaO in EFA, which resulted in the formation of C-S-H.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.575-585
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• 2000

본 사업은 1994년부터 1996년까지 3년 간 시범사업으로 추진된 지역정보화 사업의 과제인 창원/마산 지역정보 유통망 구축사업을 확대 발전시키고 시스템 운영의 효율화를 도모하고자 DB를 통합하여 확대 재 구축함으로써 전자상거래 기반의 인터넷을 통한 웹 정보 이용 활성화 차원에서 추진되었다. 기 구축되었던 $\ulcorner$창원/마산 지역정보유통망 구축사업$\lrcorner$은 정보화를 통한 지역경제 발전에 일익을 담당하고자 관. 산. 연이 참여한 지역정보화 사업이다. 이러한 창원/마산지역 산업체에 대한 지원효과를 이번에 확대하여 그 동안 Multimedia, Graphics, Web 등 정보화 환경이 크게 변화, 발전됨에 따라 현실적이며 현장적용형 패키지의 개발 지원이 대두된 $\ulcorner$경남지역 정보화확산사업$\lrcorner$은 연구개발정보센터와 창원시, 진해시, 한국기계연구원이 매칭 펀드에 의한 대응자금으로 구축한 시스템이다. 정보수집대상은 경남지역에 소재하고 있는 20개 산업단지 3,700여 입주기업을 정보수집요원이 직접 방문하여 현장에서 필요로 하는 요구정보를 반영하였다. 신규로 구축한 정보는 산업기반 기업체기본정보 DB 및 기업 기술개발 현장적용형 기술정보 패키지정보를 중심으로 구축하였으며, 인터넷 활용교육을 통한 동종 업종간 정보교류체제 구축하였다. 특히 Cyber Market을 구현하기 위해 1,200여건의 기업체정보 및 제조상품 DB를 응용한 제품 Mall 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 본 사업을 통하여 경남지역 산업단지에 입주한 기업체의 정보 활용을 극대화하여 지역경제 발전에 기여함과 동시에 국내 지역정보화 시범모델로서 위상을 확립하고자 한다.을 기업의 타인자본비용과 자기자본비용의 조합인 기회자본비용으로 할인함으로써 현재의 기업가치를 구할 수 있기 때문이다. 이처럼 기업이 영업활동이나 투자활동을 통해 현금을 창출하고 소비하는 경향은 해당 비즈니스 모델의 성격을 규정하는 자료도로 이용될 수 있다. 또한 최근 인터넷기업들의 부도가 발생하고 있는데, 기업의 부실원인이 어떤 것이든 사회전체의 생산력의 감소, 실업의 증가, 채권자 및 주주의 부의 감소, 심리적 불안으로 인한 경제활동의 위축, 기업 노하우의 소멸, 대외적 신용도의 하락 등과 같은 사회적·경제적 파급효과는 대단히 크다. 이상과 같은 기업부실의 효과를 고려할 때 부실기업을 미리 예측하는 일종의 조기경보장치를 갖는다는 것은 중요한 일이다. 현금흐름정보를 이용하여 기업의 부실을 예측하면 기업의 부실징후를 파악하는데 그치지 않고 부실의 원인을 파악하고 이에 대한 대응 전략을 수립하며 그 결과를 측정하는데 활용될 수도 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기업의 부도예측 정보 중 현금흐름정보를 통하여 '인터넷기업의 미래 현금흐름측정, 부도예측신호효과, 부실원인파악, 비즈니스 모델의 성격규정 등을 할 수 있는가'를 검증하려고 한다. 협력체계 확립, ${\circled}3$ 전문인력 확보 및 인력구성 조정, 그리고 ${\circled}4$ 방문보건사업의 강화 등이다., 대사(代謝)와 관계(關係)있음을 시사(示唆)해 주고 있다.ble nutrient (TDN) was highest in booting stage (59.7%); however no significant difference was found among other stages. The concentrations of Ca and P were not different

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.574-579
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• 2008

To develop a yogurt for sensitive consumer such as infants, children or immuno-compromised patients using gamma irradiation, the effects of gamma irradiation on the microbiological, chemical, and sensory quality in a commercial plain yogurt were investigated. No viable coliform bacteria were detected in the sample and approximately a 6 decimal reduction was achieved in the number of total aerobic bacteria by irradiation at 5 kGy. The initial population of lactic acid bacteria observed in the commercial plain yogurt was 8.95 log CFU/g. Gamma irradiation significantly reduced the initial microbial level to 6.47 and 2.85 log CFU/g after irradiation at 1 and 3 kGy, respectively (p<0.05). However, irradiation dose up to 5 kGy could not completely eliminate the lactic acid bacteria in commercial plain yogurt. pH, color, lactose and lactic acid content, and sensory quality were not affected by irradiation treatment and storage. Our results suggest that irradiation can improve the microbial quality of commercial plain yogurt without impairing the physicochemical and sensory quality.

• Clean Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.250-258
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• 2006

CFC compounds such as CFC-113 and 1,1,1-TCE, etc. have been used in various industries due to their excellent chemical stability, thermodynamic characteristics, non-inflammability and anti-corrosiveness. However, in oder to protect the earth environment, "the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer" was adopted in 1989 for prevention of production and utilization of these CFC compounds and alternative cleaning agent have been required in the industry. The objective of this study is to develop non-aqueous cleaning agents that do not require major change of cleaning system, have excellent cleaning efficiency, are favorable to the environment, are harmless to the human body, and are not generated corrosive materials. In this work, non-aqueous cleaning agents have been formulated with glycol ether series and paraffinic hydrocarbon series with siloxane, and their physical properties and cleaning efficiencies were analyzed and compared with those of regulated materials. As a result of physical properties measurement of the formulated cleaning agents, it is expected that they may have good penetration ability into contaminated materials due to their properties with low density and low surface tension. Measurement of flash point and vapor pressure of the cleaning agents will be helpful for evaluation of their safety and working environment. The experimental results of cleaning flux, solder and grease by the formulated cleaning agents show that their cleaning abilities of soils were good and that there were no residues on the substance after cleaning. Therefore, alternative cleaning agents which have equivalent cleaning ability to regulating materials, good penetration ability and low hazard to human body, have been developed in this work.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.388-392
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• 2013

Iindium-tin-oxide (ITO) material was had to use in display application as transparent electrode. However it would be problems comes up, the depletion of indium, tin and energy consumption of production process. Therefore recently trend was demanded alternative ITO material and recycling/reused ITO. In this conditions, the environmental impact have to express correct value about recycling/reused ITO process. The life cycle assessment was valuable method in this process. Thus first step was carried out separating in/out put (material) sources and then, exactive data base (DB) was applied. The result of environment impact was calculated by affect categories and recycling rate was set to 34% (This value was measured in previous project). The rate (g) of ITO material was calculated by chemical equivalent. In result, environmental impact were revealed acidification potential and abiotic depletion and if do not recycle/reuse ITO, $ 476 per 1 ton waste in land.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.64-64
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• 2018

생물전환(Bioconversion)은 천연소재의 기능성을 증대시키기 위한 방안으로 많은 연구가 진행되고 있으며 다양한 산업에서도 활용되고 있어 유용미생물을 기반 차세대 기술로 각광받고 있다. 이러한 기술의 도입은 식품은 물론 의약품 및 화장품 산업에서도 활발히 사용되고 있으며, 특히 최근 기능성 제품에 대한 소비가 급증함에 따라 그 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 산초(Zanthoxylum schinfolium)는 limonene, citronellal, phellandrene 등의 다양한 유효물질을 함유하고 있으며 유효성분들로부터 유래되는 항산화 활성과 항암활성, 항균활성 등의 효능을 지니는 것으로 보고된바 있다. 본 연구의 생물전환 공정에 사용된 유산균들은 전통 발효식품으로 알려진 다양한 젓갈류로부터 분리하였으며, 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 유전학적 특성을 확인하였다. 또한 확보된 유산균들을 사용하여 산초(전북 진안군) 분말의 발효공정을 수행하였으며, 산초의 최적 추출조건을 선정하고 추출물을 제조하여 생물전환 공정 전 후 활성의 변화추이를 관찰하였다. 추출물의 활성평가는 항산화 효능 및 유효성분 함량을 평가하기 위하여 DPPH radical scavenging activity와 total polyphenol 함량을 평가하고 세포주를 활용해 MTT assay, Nitric oxide(NO) 생성억제 효능을 확인하여 세포독성 및 항염증 활성을 확인하였다. 실험결과, 생물전환 공정에 사용할 유용 미생물을 확보하기 위한 실험을 통해 다양한 젓갈류에서 다양한 미생물을 확보할 수 있었으며 약 16종의 유산균을 분리하였다. 분리된 미생물을 사용하여 산초 분말의 생물전환 공정을 실시한 결과, 5종의 유용미생물 처리에서 무처리 대비 DPPH radical 소거능 및 polyphenol 함량이 유의적으로 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 중 가장 높은 활성을 나타내는 균주를 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 확인한 결과 Weissella confusa D1로 확인되었다. 선별 균주를 활용한 생물전환 공정 후 항산화 활성은 대조군 대비 약 120%의 활성을 나타냈으며, polyphenol의 함량은 약 126%로 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 더 나아가 생물전환 공정 후 산초추출물의 세포독성은 처리전과 비교하여 월등히 감소하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었으며, 항염효능 또한 증가하는 경향을 나타내는 것이 확인되었다.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

There has been increasing concerns for the problems of water security in countries, caused by the frequent occurrence of localized drought due to the climate change and uncertainty of water balance. The importance of fresh water is emphasized as considerable amount of usable fresh water is utilized for power generation sector producing electricity. PV power system, the source of renewable energy, consumes water for the every steps of life cycle: manufacturing, installation, and operation. However, it uses relatively less water than the traditional energy sources such as thermal power and nuclear power sources. In this study, to find out the use of water for the entire process of PV power system from extracting raw materials to operating the system, the footprint of water in the whole process is measured to be analyzed. Measuring the result, the PV water footprint of value chain was $0.989m^3/MWh$ and the water footprint appeared higher specially in poly-Si and solar cell process. The following two reasons explain it: poly-Si process is energy-intensive process and it consumes lots of cooling water. In solar cell process, deionized water is used considerably for washing a high-efficiency crystalline silicon. It is identified that PV system is the source using less water than traditional ones, which has a critical value in saving water. In discussing the future energy policy, it is vital to introduce the concept of water footprint as a supplementary value of renewable energy.