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Scope Relations Between Quantifier and Focus (양화사와 초점의 영향권 관계)

  • Jo, Yu-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.205-222
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    • 2008
  • This study investigated scope relations between quantifier and focus which are represented in quantified sentences. In the sentence which has both strong quantifier and weak quantifier, one of them has a wide scope and a presuppositional reading, and the other which has a narrow one is interpreted non-presuppositionally. In Korean, when a weak quantifier is separated from VP in surface representation, whether it is a subject or an object, it has only a presuppositional reading. Therefore, there is no scope ambiguity in that sentence. However, when weak quantifier which is an object of transitive verb or a subject of transitive verb is sensitive to focus, it is available to non-presuppositional reading, so that the sentence seems to be ambiguous. Once even weak quantifier out of VP in the Surface structure is focused, it becomes to be in the scope of focus (focal phrase) which is formed in Logical form by a focus projection. And this scope of focus corresponds to a nuclear scope. That is to say, focus operates on the weak quantifier to be interpreted non-presuppositionally in a nuclear scope.

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Development of Transdisciplinary Conceptual Model on the Curriculum in the Field of Engineering and Technology for the Colleges, Through the Analysis of the Curriculum in the Y College (Y대학 자동차과 교육과정 분석을 통한 전문대학 공학기술분야 교육과정의 탈학제적 개념모형 개발)

  • Park, Choul-Soo;Park, Su-Hong
    • Journal of Engineering Education Research
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.15-25
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to explore a conceptual model of transdisciplinary curriculum in the Field of Engineering and Technology for the Colleges Through the Analysis of the Curriculum Organization and Implementation in the Y College in order to solve problems of current curriculum in the department of automobile engineering in Y college. Methodology is a literature review, focus group interview. The result is that current curriculum is interdisciplinary. The interview to the faculty members in Y college about the applicability of a conceptual model of transdisciplinary curriculum on the course is that transdisciplinary curriculum model could be applied to the course but because of the variety of problems, it would be difficult to apply new curriculum.

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A Study on the Effects of Bureaucratic Characteristics on Librarians' Organizational Commitment in Public Libraries (공공도서관의 관료제적 특성이 사서의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향 연구)

  • Hyunkyung Song
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.165-192
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to examine the effects of bureaucratic characteristics, which are the most common in modern library organizations among organizational characteristics of public libraries, on the organizational commitment of librarians. Doing this analysis, 185 librarians from 20 public libraries in the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea were surveyed to look into the bureaucratic and post-bureaucratic characteristics of each library, such as specialization, hierarchy of authority, system of rules, integration, and participation, and the three dimensions of organizational commitment of affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. According to this analysis, the hierarchy of authority had a negative effect on affective and normative commitment, while integration had a positive impact on affective and continuance commitment, and participation had a positive effect on affective and normative commitment. The findings, therefore, show that a combination of bureaucratic and post-bureaucratic characteristics, which reduces the hierarchy of authority and strengthens integration and participation, would increase organizational commitment. This study is meaningful in that, through empirical research, it suggests organizational bureaucratic characteristics that would raise organizational commitment in public library organizations.

Inverse Reconstruction of Sectional Area in Nonuniform Ducts by Using the Acoustical Measurement (음파를 이용한 덕트 내 불균일 단면적의 역문제적 재구성)

  • 김회전;이정권
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2001
  • This paper deals with the inverse reconstruction of sectional area in nonuniform ducts by using the acoustical measurement. There have been many theoretical and experimental studies on the duct area reconstruction. In this research, the method using the impulse response function and area reconstruction algorithm was employed because of its mathematical and experimental simplicity. Based on the study results on the drawback of conventional impulse excitation method, a new measurement method is proposed, that uses the random noise source and the discrete inverse Fourier transform. It is found that the reconstruction errors of the present method is smaller than the conventional method. A random error analysis is performed in order to investigate the causes of reconstruction error and to clarify the applicable data range for area reconstruction.

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A Study on the Analysis of the Economic Effects and Non-Economic Effects of Environmental Qualifications that have Impacts on Enterprises (환경분야 자격이 기업에게 미치는 경계적.비경계적 효과 분석)

  • Park, Jong-Sung;Lee, Mu-Choon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.369-376
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    • 2005
  • This study aims to investigate and practically examine the effect of environmental qualifications based on the theoretical background on the area. On the basis of theoretical background, a study model was formulated in a way that the effect of qualifications in enterprises side is divided into an economic effect (improvement of productivity, improvement of qualifies of products) and non-economic effect (credibility on the job, expertise on techniques, assessment criteria on entrepreneurial value, applicability of job arrangement). Then, survey was carried out with questions designed in accordance with this model. The hypotheses were proved as the following. First, fir hypothesis 1(Environmental qualifications will bring up positive impacts on the economic effect of enterprises), it turned out to be true. The improvement of productivity and qualities of products were chose to represent the economic effect of entrepreneurs, and the both factors appeared to have positive impacts on the economic effect of enterprises. Second, for hypothesis 2(Environmental qualifications will have positive impacts on the non-economic effect of enterprises), it turned out to be true. Environmental qualifications were proved to have positive impacts on credibility on the job, expertise on techniques, assessment criteria on entrepreneurial value, applicability of job arrangement, which were introduced to represent the non-economic effect of enterprises. In conclusion, environmental qualifications were proved to have positive impacts on both economic and non-economic effect of enterprises.