• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.121-128
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• 2015

A given product's online product reviews build up to form largely positive or negative reviews or mixed reviews that include both the positive and negative reviews. While the homogeneously positive or negative reviews help readers identify the generally praised or criticized product, the mixed reviews with minority opinions potentially contain valuable information about the product. We present a method of retrieving minority opinions from the online product reviews using the skewness of positive/negative reviews. The proposed method first classifies the positive/negative product reviews using a sentiment dictionary and then calculates the skewness of the classified results to identify minority reviews. Minority review retrieval experiments were conducted on smartphone and movie reviews, and the F1-measures were 24.6% (smartphone) and 15.9% (movie) and the accuracies were 56.8% and 46.8% when the individual reviews' sentiment classification accuracies were 85.3% and 78.8%. The theoretical performance of minority review retrieval is also discussed.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.4 s.100
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• pp.459-464
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• 2005

The online game system could be largely divided into two parts: servers and clients. Clients accesses to a game server and analyzes the packets transmitted from a server. A game server manages users information and database. U a game server allows a new client to access the server to execute a game, it should accept the access request of the new client maintaining the online connection of the existing users. In this paper, we compare Process method and Thread method within the multiple jobs process methods of a server. Then we propose an asymmetric distributed multi server architecture that is adequate to asymmetric distributed architecture that is widely applied to most game servers. The proposed asymmetric distributed multi server architecture includes login server, game server, communication server and database server to perform its own feature independently. Comparing its other architectures, it shows better performance economically and technically. Especially it improves the stability and expandability of a server.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.69-75
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• 2022

We propose energy-efficient scheduling considering real-time constraints and energy efficiency in smart mobile with heterogeneous multi-core structure. Recently, high-performance applications such as VR, AR, and 3D game require real-time and high-level processings. The big.LITTLE architecture is applied to smart mobiles devices for high performance and high energy efficiency. However, there is a problem that the energy saving effect is reduced because LITTLE cores are not properly utilized. This paper proposes a heterogeneous multi-core assignment technique that improves real-time performance and high energy efficiency with big.LITTLE architecture. Our proposed method optimizes the energy consumption and the execution time by predicting the actual task execution time using SVM (Support Vector Machine). Experiments on an off-the-shelf smartphone show that the proposed method reduces energy consumption while ensuring the similar execution time to legacy schemes.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.25-57
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• 2017

In this study, we analyzed the information asymmetry and the agency problem in major affiliated companies on the basis of the R&D investment. As a result of comparing how the R&D investment effects on major affiliated companies and the independent companies, even the achievement of R&D investment effects in a positive way to the firm value, the positive effect appears much lower on major affiliated companies comparing independent companies. In order to analyze the case, we investigated in a separate way according to the shareholding ratio and the affiliated market using the sample of the independent company and the group affiliated company. As a result of such analysis, the cause of this comes from the agency problem in major affiliated company, not the asymmetry information of affiliated company. After we analyzed the sample of the research depending on the affiliation market, we could observe there is a little impact of the asymmetry information in the outcome of the R&D investment of the major affiliated companies. In contrast, the companies which rated lower in the ratio of the shareholding appears much less in the positive effect of R&D investment compared to the companies which rated at a higher level. This phenomenon was also consistently observed when changing the research method or further subdividing the sample of companies belonging to the group based on the ownership share of major shareholders.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2024

This paper examines the impact of ESG activities of domestic shipping companies on the cost of debt. It is known that companies with large information asymmetry tend to have high costs of debt. Corporate ESG activities have been identified as an effective means of reducing information asymmetry. By actively engaging in ESG activities, companies can lower the cost of debt by reducing information asymmetry. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether these mechanisms, which have been observed in previous studies, also apply to domestic shipping companies. Multiple regression analysis is conducted on KOSP I-listed shipping companies from2010 to 2022. The cost of debt is set as the dependent variable, while the ESG rating is used as the explanatory variable. The analysis reveals that companies with a high level of ESG activities generally have a lower cost of debt. However, it is important to note that ESG activities of shipping companies do not seem to have a significant impact on their cost of debt. In fact, the level of ESG activities among domestic shipping companies is not particularly high (Hong, 2024). Despite these findings, domestic shipping companies should still strive for sustainable management to adapt to the rapidly changing business environment and meet the demands of the modern era. ESG management is a representative method for achieving sustainability. Therefore, shipping companies should not only focus on reducing the cost of debt but also on opening up the closed industry culture and communicating with capital market participants for sustainable growth. It is crucial for these companies to listen to the voices of stakeholders and embrace a holistic approach to sustainability.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.466-474
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• 2007

Asymmetric networks that the downlink bandwidth is larger than the uplink bandwidth may cause the degradation of the TCP performance due to the uplink congestion. In order to solve this problem, this paper designs and implements the Dynamic Segment Size Control mechanism which offers a suitable segment size for current networks. The proposed mechanism does not require any changes in customer premises but suppress the number of ACKs using segment reassembly technique to avoid the uplink congestion. The gateway which adapted the Dynamic Segment Size Control mechanism, detects the uplink congestion condition and dynamically measures the bandwidth asymmetric ratio and the packet loss ratio. The gateway reassembles some of segments received from the server into a large segment and transmits it to the client. This reduces the number of corresponding ACKs. In this mechanism, the SACK option is used when occurs the bit error during the transmission. Based on the simulation in the GEO satellite network environment, we analyzed the performance of the Dynamic Segment Size Control mechanism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.595-599
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• 2006

센서 네트워크는 주로 물리적인 공간의 모니터링이나 위치 추적과 같은 주변의 정보를 얻고자 하는 환경에 사용되며, 이러한 정보는 비대칭적이고 비신뢰적인 무선 링크로 인해 불필요한 재전송을 요구하고 많은 손실이 발생한다. 이 때문에 신뢰적이고 에너지 효율적인 링크를 선택하기 위해 RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator), LQI(Link Quality Indicator)를 이용하여 무선 링크에 대한 품질을 추정하는 기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 그 일차적인 단계로써 단일 홉 무선 센서 네트워크에서 MICAZ에 구현된 RSSI, LQI 값을 이용하여 노드간 무선 링크 품질을 모니터링하는 응용을 구현하였다. 구현 시나리오는 무선 링크의 비대칭성을 고려하기 위해, 순방향 링크 품질의 경우 센서 플랫폼이 BS로부터 수신한 요구 메시지의 RSSI, LQI 값을 응답 메시지에 캡슐화하여 BS로 전송하도록 하였고, 역방향 링크 품질의 경우 BS가 센서 플랫폼으로부터 수신한 응답 메시지의 RSSI, LQI 값을 기반으로 하였다. 또한 BS로 취합된 이러한 두 링크 품질을 PC상에 시각적으로 표시하기 위해 자바 기반의 링크 품질을 모니터링하는 응용을 구현하였다. 간단한 실험을 통해 RSSI, LQI로 얻은 무선 링크의 품질과 특성을 확인하였다.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.125-148
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• 2011

Although the patient's problem with access to health information has been improved due to rapidly developing information technologies, such as the internet, some patients still do not have enough ability to understand, interpret, and analyze the health information. Given this view on the patient's asymmetric information problem, if a doctor provides sufficient effort to help patients understand and interpret medical information, the efficiency of patient's medical care use could be improved. This paper shows firstly that the patient's inefficient use of medical care originates from his information problems, such as the misperception of the effectiveness of medical care and secondly suggests that if the doctor makes sufficient effort to correct patient's information problems, the inefficiency can be ameliorated. This paper also suggests the manipulation of a doctor's payment method can lead a doctor to provide optimal level of efforts which can in turn lead patients to use the optimal level of medical care. With an optimal level of effort, a doctor can more easily achieve a patient's compliance with the newly recommended amount of medical care.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.3 s.35
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• pp.151-159
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• 2005

Traditional watermarking technologies are symmetric method which embedding and detection keys are same. Although the symmetric watermarking method is easy to detect the watermark, this method has weakness against to malicious attacks to remove or modify the watermark information when the symmetric key is disclosure. Recently, the asymmetric watermarking method that has different keys to embed and detect is watched several researchers as a next generation watermarking technology. In this paper, we have expanded search space of secret key using the solution set of linear simultaneous equations. Secret key is generated by secure linear transformation method to prevent of guessing secret key from public key, and the correlation value between secret key and public key is high. At theresults, the multi bits information can be embedded and high correlation value was detected after JPEG compression.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.3 s.99
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• pp.379-386
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• 2005

Traditional watermarking technologies are symmetric method which embedding and detection keys are same. Although the symmetric watermarking method is easy to detect the watermark, has method has weakness against to malicious attacks to remove or modify the watermark information when the symmetric key is disclosure. Recently, the asymmetric watermarking method that has different keys to embed and detect is watched several researchers as a next generation watermarking technology. In this paper, we have expanded search space of secret key using the solution set of linear simultaneous equations. Secret key is generated by secure linear transformation method to prevent of guessing secret key from public key, and the correlation value between secret key and public key is high. At the results, the multi bits information can be embedded and high correlation value was detected after JPEG compression.