• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Since most people spend over 80% of their time indoor, indoor air quality tends to be the dominant contributor to personal exposure. In this study, indoor and outdoor $NO_2$concentrations were measured and compared with simultaneously personal exposures of 27 house-wives and female workers of kindergarten. Time activity pattern and house characteristics were used to determine the effects of these factors on personal exposure. Since house-wives student spent most their times in indoor with mean of 89.8%, their $NO_2$ exposure was associated with indoor $NO_2$ level(r= 0.92) rather than outdoor $NO_2$ level(r= 0.87). female workers were also associated with indoor $NO_2$ level(r= 0.70) though sample number were small. Using time-weighted average model, $NO_2$ exposures of house-wives were estimated by $NO_2$ measurements in indoor home and outdoor home levels. Estimated $NO_2$ personal exposures were significantly correlated with measured $NO_2$ personal exposures (r= 0.90). These results might mean that air pollutants exposure of old and feeble persons, and infants could be estimated by measuring concentrations of indoor home.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-65
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• 2009

The inner gate(The last gate inside a temple, facing the main hall) is not a well-known part in the temple construction of Joseon. This study is focused on seeking truth about the inner gate arrangement of the existing temples as well as proving that it has changed while maintaining a certain relationship with the gate-pavilion arrangement. The inner gate is related to the Cheondo ritual which is letting the dead people's spirits go to heaven, mainly performed in Buddhism, and it has been demonstrated that the inner gate has gradually disappeared as the importance of gate-pavilions has been emphasized along with the changes of the ritual. The inner gate was a common construction before the 18th Century but since that time, it has gradually disappeared and finally it faced the main hall as the gate-pavilion and made the 4 halls-centered arrangement with the temple dormitories on both sides.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2024

Background: Drug-related problems have the potential to threaten patient health, and pharmacists are in a position to prevent such problems through prescription reviews and patient counseling, actively engaging in pharmaceutical care activities. This study aims to categorize and analyze the intervention activities of pharmacists in community pharmacies concerning drug-related problems, following international criteria. Methods: Over a six-month period, prescription interventions completed in a community pharmacy in Seoul were selected as the research subjects. The causes of interventions were classified according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) drug-related problems (DRPs) classification system and the types and frequencies of DRPs were identified. Results: Among a total of 49,334 prescriptions, 527 interventions were completed, constituting approximately 1.07% of the daily average filled prescriptions. Individuals over 60 years of age represented more than 50%. The primary cause of DRPs was prescribing and drug selection issues, comprising 256 cases (48.58%), with specific subcategories including 109 cases of drug selection, 79 cases of treatment duration errors, 47 cases of dose selection, and 21 cases of inappropriate dosage form selection. Patient-related issues accounted for 204 cases (38.71%). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the pharmacists' intervention in community pharmacies contributes to the safe use of medication by patients.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.508-517
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• 2019

This study analyzed on alloys and by-product samples produced through the reproduction experiment of bronze mirror with geometric designs. The alloy ratio used in the first and second reproduction experiments was based on the analysis results of bronze mirror with geometric designs(Cu 61.68%, Sn 32.25%, Pb 5.46%) which is the national treasure No. 141. As a result of portable X-ray fluorescence analysis on the raw materials used in the reproduction experiment, the contents of copper raw materials were 98.85 wt% for Cu, tin raw materials were 99.03 wt% for Sn, and lead raw materials were 70.19 wt% for Pb, and 21.81 wt% for Sn. Sn and Pb were added 5 wt% more considering the evaporation amount of tin and lead during alloy melting. The result produced by the first reproduction experiment were 58.75 wt% for Cu, 36.87 wt% for Sn, 4.39 wt% for Pb, and the other result produced by the second reproduction experiment were 58.66 wt% for Cu, 35.89 wt% for Sn, and 5.50 wt% for Pb. The composition of the components was about 3.00 wt% in Cu and Sn respectively, and the microstructure was similar to the previous studies because the δ phase was observed mainly. The results of this study will be used as basic data for the materialistic characteristics of ancient bronze mirror in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.14-21
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• 1994

This study was carried out to find out the elution characteristics of 4 kinds of sludges and a dust by the variation of pH. Four kinds of sludges were obtained from the Industrial wastes, and the dust, from the iron-and-steel waste. These samples were analyzed by "Official Method for Waste", and the results were summarized as follows. 1. The amounts of heavy metals The concentrations of Cu were 1,940

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.3-16
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• 2003

글로벌 경쟁 환경 하에서 신발산업이 지속적으로 성장, 발전하기 위해서는 정보기술의 활용도 증진과 e-비즈니스의 활성화를 위한 정보화 교육이 필수적이다. 정보화 교육의 실행을 위해서는 먼저 체계적인 교육 과정이 개발되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 부산지역의 신발업체를 대상으로 실시한 교육수요조사를 토대로 교수체제설계(ISD: Instructional System Design)기법을 적용하여 신발업체를 위한 정보화 교육 과정을 개발하고 이의 효율적 실행을 위한 각종 지원 방안을 제시한다. 교육과정 개발을 통해 낙후되어 있는 신발산업의 정보화 교육을 지원하고, 업종별, 직능별, 수준별 맞춤식 교육의 기틀이 마련될 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.1-3
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• 2004

BPMN은 비즈니스 프로세스를 모델링하는 표기법으로써 시각화된 플로우차트를 통해 일반화된 형식으로 비즈니스 프로세스를 정의할 수 있게 해준다. 이와 반대로 XPDL은 비즈니스 프로세스를 실행하는 언어로써 이 언어를 지원하는 시스템을 통해 비즈니스 프로세스를 실행시킬 수 있게 해준다. 그러므로 BPMN으로 모델링한 비즈니스 프로세스가 XPDL을 지원하는 실행시스템을 통해 실행되기 일해서는 BPMN 형식의 비즈니스 프로세스를 XPDL 비즈니스 프로세스로 변환하여야 한다. 그러나 이들은 각기 다른 기반과 목적에 따라 정의되었기 때문에 서로의 요소간의 표현하는 방식에 차이가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 BPMN 형식의 비즈니스 프로세스를 XPDL 비즈니스 프로세스로 변환하는 기법을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.06b
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• pp.565-568
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• 2004

This paper proposes effective method for delay estimation in RLC interconnects. This method is simple, but precise. The results using the proposed method for RLC circuits show that absolute average relative error is within $7\%$ with the exception of first node in comparison with HSPICE results.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 1996

키프레임 방식의 3차원 애니메이션 시스템은 애니메이터가 관절을 가진 복합물체에 대해 주요 장면의 각 관절각을 지정하면 애니메이션 시스템이 보간을 이용하여 중간 동작을 생성한다. 이 경우 애니메이션 생성 작업이 애니메이터의 기술에 전적으로 의존하기 때문에 작업의 효율이 떨어지는 문제가 발생한다. 본 논문은 애니메이터가 몸의 주요 부위의 목표 위치나 목표 방향만 지정하면 중간동작을 자동적으로 생성하는 스크립트 기반의 목표지향적 애니메이션 시스템을 설계하고 구현하는 방법에 대해 기술한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.48-56
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• 1984

In order to estimate the fuel rod temperature during the reflooding phase of the PWR LOCA, it is essential to obtain a better understanding of the rewetting mechanism. This paper presents the results of analytical and experimental investigations aimed at analyzing the rewetting phenomena in a heated tube. A two-dimensional solution of the rewetting for a tube is described and used to yield the correlation of the rewetting heat transfer coefficient as the function of flooding rate and inlet subcooling. This correlation prediction is in good agreement with the experimental data.