• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.321-343
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• 2004

In principal, the original form of Eupchi landscape in Naepo reflects a traditional idea regarding direction as a connection with one's fortune and naturalization strategy of power. In reality, the weight for the landscape inside the castle town was distinct by locality according to the conditions of natural geographies and main function of the castle town. In other words, the traditional Eupchi landscape was shaped under the fixed principles but it was simultaneously reflecting the local temporality and spatiality. As Chosun Dynasty went under the Japanese colonization, Eupchi in the traditional period started to evolve into a modem city. That is to say, the traditional Eupchi as a political place became to change into the center of capital accumulation, stronghold of economy and education, and center of town beyond the function as a place for government and administration. Therefore, the process of change from the landscape of Eupchi to a modem city was a kind of revolution in the form and function, and it was also a very rapid rearrangement of social space. The disparate element of landscape and double social space worked as a vital inertial element in the urban structure of Naepo area until the post independence and evolution of landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.81-91
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to establish a system of planning elements necessary for effective healing garden. We suggested new planning parts and elements for healing garden through analyzing prior literature and evaluated the importance of planning elements through expert surveys. The results of the study are stated as follows. First, we suggested five planning parts and 19 planning elements. $\LARGE{\cdot}$ Planning parts: Physical environment, social environment, cognitive environment, functional environment, psychological environment. $\LARGE{\cdot}$ Planning elements: Plant planting, garden view, hydroponic space, shade space, work space, recreation space, community space, exercise space, landmark element, sign system, safe facilities and materials, disaster safety facility, universal design, accessible path, economical maintenance, sight openness, privacy guaranteed, variety of resting space, artistic element. Second, as a result of analyzing the importance of planning elements, the first place was the planting, the second place was the safety facilities for the disaster, and the third was diversity of rest space. In addition, the artistic elements and the landmark elements were ranked 18th and 19th, respectively. Third, we evaluated the level of importance of planning elements and classified it into three groups. The most important A group included two elements(plant planting, disaster safety facility), the next important B group included eleven elements(variety of resting space, community space, hydroponic space, universal design, safe facilities and materials, economical maintenance, accessible path, privacy guaranteed, garden view, work space, sight openness) and the less important C group included six elements(shade space, exercise space, recreation space, sign system, artistic element, landmark element). We suggest that, in creating a healing garden, the two elements in A group are essential elements and the eleven elements in B group should be importantly applied. In addition, the six elements in C group are recognized as arbitrarily selectable elements due to the relatively low importance levels.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.65-83
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to conceptually define "spatial inclusivity" and empirically examine the impact of disability severity and spatial inclusivity on social participation among individuals experiencing physical discomfort. The social and spatial environment of the residential area is crucial for individuals with disabilities who face limited activity range and complex barriers due to physical constraints. In this study, spatial inclusivity from the perspective of people with disabilities is defined as establishment of equal relationships with non-disabled individuals within the local community, as well as the availability of basic facilities and services in a safe urban space that allows for access and utilization. This concept consists of three dimensions: individual networks, social environment, and physical environment. The physical environment encompasses safety levels, natural environment, living environment, public transportation conditions, medical services in residential areas. We used the 2019 Community Health Survey to examine the relationship between disability severity, spatial inclusivity, and social participation using a two level regression model. The findings are as follows: Firstly, personal relationships at the individual level and the physical environment at the local level have a positive impact on social participation. Secondly, when identifying dividing the physical environment into five sub-factors, no significant influence of individual factors is found. Thirdly, trustworthy and friendly social environment at the local level has a negative impact on social participation. These results provide empirical evidence that spatial inclusivity has an effect on the social participation of individuals with disabilities and suggest implications for urban planning to create and enhance conditions for the social participation of individuals with disabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.61-72
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• 2000

The maturation of the Web technology has reshaped the ways in which data are accessed, disseminated, and shared. Thanks to its popularity along with the advance of spatial information technology, four major changes have been further made in traditional geographic information systems (GIS) in relation to access to data, distribution of data, access to GIS functionality, and visualization of multimedia data. Although access to and dissemination of spatial data over the Web has in recent years been addressed in the literature, little research effort has addressed the issue of access to and processing of GIS analysis functions over the Web. This research explores the potential use of Web-based GIS in improving accessibility to distributed spatial data and spatial modeling tools. A prototype Web-based GIS developed in this study focuses on Web-based location-allocation modeling for spatial decision support, and employs a hybrid approach that uses the Arc/Info software as a GIS server and CGM viewer as a client-side plug-in. This research shows that Web-based GIS is a useful vehicle in conducting spatial modeling in the particular user community. In addition, this study represents the possibility of Web-based GIS in developing open spatial decision supporting systems.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.63-74
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• 2011

Recently, there has been much interest in the spatial query which energy-efficiently acquires sensor readings from sensor nodes inside specified geographical area of interests. The centralized approach which performs the spatial query at a server after acquiring all sensor readings, though simple, it incurs high wireless transmission cost in accessing all sensor nodes. In order to remove the high wireless transmission cost, various in-network spatial indexing schemes have been proposed. They have focused on reducing the transmission cost by performing distributed spatial filtering on sensor nodes. However, these in-network spatial indexing schemes have a problem which cannot optimize both the spatial filtering and the wireless routing among sensor nodes, because these schemes have been developed by simply applying the existing spatial indexing schemes into the in-network environment. Therefore, we propose a new distributed spatial indexing scheme of the GR-tree. The GR-tree which form s a MBR-based tree structure, can reduce the wireless transmission cost by optimizing both the efficient spatial filtering and the wireless routing. Finally, we compare the existing spatial indexing scheme through extensive experiments and clarify our approach's distinguished features.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.253-265
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• 2019

In this study were analyzed the errors on the registration of details information, location of E-GEN (Emergency medical-GEN) AED (Automated External Defibrillator) installation site and the adequacy of spatial arrangement, which suggests an improvement methods of constructing an app or web based on time and space data for efficient operation of considering accessibility and usability. As a result of this study, first, it was not equal to each other for locations of each installation point of AED, that confirmed some area were dense or requiring additional installation. Second, it confirmed the inaccuracies in inputting and registering information about the installed location, such as the actual installation location information and the attribute information of the AED. Third, the main access node and the main address node were connected to a straight line that was found not be connected to the back door, the straight line, the stairs. Also, the opening times of AED installation sites varied according to the week and the season, the entrance was managed by the apartment management office in a separate place, it needs to be established on this information. In conclusion, it proposed a method to improve spatial equity and accessibility, a method to provide accurate distance and time according to actual movement routes in case of emergency, and a possibility of using each facility considering day and time.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.232-249
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• 2006

e-learning은 오프라인 교육에 비해 시간과 공간의 제한을 받지 않고, 반복학습이 가능하며, 비용이 저렴하다. 그러나 이러한 장점에도 불구하고 1990년대 말 도입되어 6년 이상 경과되었으나 아직 널리 보급되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 e-learning이 갖는 다양한 장점에도 불구하고 왜 채택이 저조한가에 대한 원인을 찾고, 보급을 확산시킬 방안을 찾는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 e-learning 채택에 대한 선행연구를 검토하고 e-learning 채택자와 미채택자에 대한 인터뷰를 수행하였다. 결과적으로 유용성, 지속성: 재미, 반복성, 비용, 접근성, 학습동기, 즉시성 요인이 e-learning 채택에 영향을 미친다는 연구모델을 도출하였다 여기서 비용과 접근성은 기존 선행연구들과 반대의 가설을 제시하였다. 즉, e-learning은 오프라인에 비해 비용이 저렴하기 때문에 그리고 반복해서 학습할 수 있기 때문에 학습을 미루게 되어 오히려 채택을 저해한다는 것이다. 다중회귀분석을 통해 검증한 결과 즉시성은 채택되지 않았고, 비용이 저렴하기 때문에 그리고 반복해서 학습할 수 있기 때문에 e-learning을 채택하게 된다고 나타나, 본 연구의 가설은 성립되지 않고 기존 연구가설이 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 대상이 e-learning을 사용해본 경험이 비교적 많지 않은 사람을 대상으로 하였기 때문에 나타난 결과라 생각된다. 향후 e-learning을 6개월 이상 사용해본 사람들을 대상으로 연구해 볼 필요가 있다고 생각된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.466-466
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• 2015

지역빈도해석은 수문학에서 오랜 역사를 갖고 있으며, 수년에 걸쳐 수문학적 변량의 정량적 추정을 위해 다양한 접근방법들이 제안되어 왔다. 그러나 제안된 방법들의 가설설정 수준이 높기 때문에 실제 적용에 제약이 많고, 적용 시에도 예측에 대한 불확실성이 높은 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위한 방법으로 계층적 베이지안 모델을 이용한 지역빈도해석 모형을 제안하고자 한다. 본 모형은 2개의 계층적 구조로 구성된다. 첫번째 계층은 재현기간별 GEV 분포의 매개변수를 정규화하여 주변분포로 설정하고, Kriging 기법을 이용하여 지형학적, 기상학적 정보들과 극치강수량 효과를 적합시켜 공간적 이질성과 미계측 유역에 대한 효과적인 보간을 가능하게 한다. 두번째 계층은 지점의 특성을 나타내는 매개변수들간의 공분산을 Bayesian 모델에 연계하여 매개변수들의 공간적 변동성을 나타낸다. 2개 계층의 결합확률분포는 MCMC 기법을 이용하여 예측값에 대한 불확실성을 정량적으로 분석하게 된다. 본 모형을 통해 홍수량 추정 시 필요한 시간 단위 극치강수량의 공간적 분포를 효과적으로 추정할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.641-643
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• 2023

Deep Learning(DL)을 사용한 호흡음의 자동 분석은 폐 질환의 조기 진단에 중추적인 역할을 한다. 그러나 현재의 DL 방법은 종종 호흡음의 공간적 및 시간적 특성을 분리하여 검사하기 때문에 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 컨볼루션 연산을 통해 공간적 특징을 캡처하고 시간 컨볼루션 네트워크를 사용하여 이러한 특징의 공간적-시간적 상관 관계를 활용하는 새로운 DL 프레임워크를 제한한다. 제안된 프레임워크는 앙상블 학습 접근법 내에 컨볼루션 네트워크를 통합하여 폐음 녹음에서 호흡 이상 및 질병을 검출하는 정확도를 크게 향상시킨다. 잘 알려진 ICBHI 2017 챌린지 데이터 세트에 대한 실험은 제안된 프레임워크가 호흡 이상 및 질병 검출을 위한 4-Class 작업에서 비교모델 성능보다 우수함을 보여준다. 특히 민감도와 특이도를 나타내는 점수 메트릭 측면에서 최대 45.91%와 14.1%의 개선이 이진 및 다중 클래스 호흡 이상 감지 작업에서 각각 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 기존 기술보다 우리 방법의 두드러진 이점을 강조하여 호흡기 의료 기술의 미래 혁신을 주도할 수 있는 잠재력을 보여준다.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.121-149
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze influencing factors for the user satisfaction of information commons(IC) in school libraries. Relevant previous studies inform four candidate factors that could affect the user satisfaction. Based upon these factors and user interviews, a questionnaire are constructed to form 29 items in total. As the main data, 412 samples are collected from the IC users from 3 high schools in Seoul. Analyses lead to these findings: factors affecting the user satisfaction are identified. They are IC facilities, human services, and achievement level of self-directed learning. It seems that, in ICs, users prefer using space and facilities by themselves to accessing contents. This study suggests ways to improve user satisfaction. It would be essential to introduce IC facilities to current and potential users, to install instruments to enhance achievement level of self-directed learning, and to train users through library education programs.