• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1995

Dose distribution of HDR-RALS source represents an inverse square law as the distance. Difference of measurement value and calculation value according of brachytherapy. Therefore, in HDR-RALS dose calibration and calculation have an important effect in treatment of uterine cervical cancer and absorbed dose of interesting points. In intracavitary therapy, particula attention is paid for precise determination of the doses to be applied. In this report, we have discussed that the calibration of a HDR-RALS, differences between calculation dose use of isodose chart and measurement in rectum. Dose rate calibration of radiation sources are obtained from air kerma and Г factor with calibraed ion chamber for cobalt source. and used semiconductor detector for compared with measurement in phantom. Eighteen patients were treated with a HDR-RALS for intrcavitarty irradiation (ICR) using a cobalt-cesium source. Repoductivity of dose measurements were 0.3 -1.1％ in phantom. The means of dose distribution was -6- ＋21％ between calculation of isodose chart and measurement of recyum, and was same mean value upper 6.3％ in measurement value than calculation does.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.232-237
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to develop the calculation algorithm of source strength of Ir-192 source In terms of the absorbed dose to water instead of an apparent activity (Ci). For this work the Multi Purpose Brachytherapy Phantom(MPBP) was developed, which was designed to locate the source and the chamber precisely at a specific position Inside the water phantom. The reference point of measurement was set at the 5 cm distance along the transverse axis of the source. For a brachytherapy source calibration, the absorbed dose to water calibration factor ($N_{D.W.Q}$) of an lonization chamber were determined and then apply standard protocols of absorbed dose to water. The calibration factor ($N_{D.W.Q}$) of the ion chamber (TM30013, PTW, Germany) was determined using the EGSnrcCPP Monte Carlo Code. The calculated calibration factor ($N_{D.W.Q}$) was 5.28 cGy/nC. The calculated factor was then used to determine the absorbed dose to water from which the air kerma strength for an Ir-192 source can be easily derived at the reference point (5 cm). The calculated air kerma strength showed discrepancies of -0.6% to +1.8% relative to the air kerma strength provided by the vendor, In this work we demonstrated that the air kerma strength ($S_k$) could be determined from the absorbed dose to water calibration factor for Ir-192 source. In audition, this source calibration method could be applied directly to the dose Calculation formalism of AAPM report TG-43.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.66-68
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• 2013

이 연구에서는 내수면 선박의 현황 및 사고사례에 대하여 조사 및 분석하였다. 또한, 내수면 선박에 적용되는 여러 법규의 내용을 내수면 선박의 항해설비, 선원의 자격요건, 내수면선박의 항행규정으로 분류하고 검토하였으며, 외국의 주요 내수면 항행규정 사례 및 국제해상충돌방지규칙을 고찰하여 국내 항행규정의 문제점 및 보완점을 제안하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.208-210
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• 2023

여성해사인의 직업 관련 인식 조사 및 다각화를 위해 M해양대학교 해사대학에 재학 중인 여학생의 승선 및 진로에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문 결과를 분석하여 여성해사인의 진로 및 취업에 대한 인식을 파악하고 이를 토대로 학부 교육과정, 학교 취업 프로그램, 학교 생활 규정 분야에서 진로 다각화를 위한 방안 및 시사점을 제언하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.470-478
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• 2023

All people have human rights that should be protected, and today, the importance of protecting human rights is emphasized in all areas of society. The industry is also carrying out activities to protect the human rights of workers, such as implementing human rights education for human rights management and preparing a response system for human rights violations. However, due to the closed environment and special working conditions, seafarers on board are often placed in a blind spot in human rights protection. In particular, a number of cases of human rights violations concerning beginner seafarers, including cadets, have been identified, and relevant research is insufficient compared to other occupational groups. Jobs that restrict basic human rights cannot be envied by anyone. In this study, implications and problems were derived based on the results of a human rights survey of cadets, and cases of human rights violations, and improvement measures were proposed. The cadets had a very negative perception of human rights violations before boarding. However, it was found that their perception changed after boarding. It was confirmed that cadets have unnecessary fears and concerns before boarding. Improvement measures include the establishment of a legal system for the status of cadets, measures to alleviate non-physical human rights violations, improvement of human rights violations handling procedures and response systems, and enhancing the effectiveness of human rights education.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2016

To evaluate whether the difference in geometrical characteristics between high-dose-rate (HDR) $^{192}Ir$ sources would influence the dose distributions of intracavitary brachytherapy. Two types of microSelectron HDR $^{192}Ir$ sources (classic and new models) were selected in this study. Two-dimensional (2D) treatment plans for classic and new sources were generated by using PLATO treatment planning system. We compared the point A, point B, and bladder and rectum reference points based on ICRU 38 recommendation. The radial dose function of the new source agrees with that of the classic source except difference of up to 2.6% at the nearest radial distance. The differences of anisotropy functions agree within 2% for r=1, 3, and 5 cm and $20^{\circ}$ < ${\theta}$ < $165^{\circ}$. The largest discrepancies of anisotropy functions reached up to 27% for ${\theta}$ < $20^{\circ}$ at r=0.25 cm and were up to 13%, 10%, and 7% at r=1, 3, and 5 cm for ${\theta}$ > $170^{\circ}$, respectively. There were no significant differences in doses of point A, point B, and bladder point for the treatment plans between the new and classic sources. For the ICRU rectum point, the percent dose difference was on average 0.65% and up to 1.0%. The dose discrepancies between two treatment plans are mainly affected due to the geometrical difference of the source and the sealed capsule.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 2012

This study focused on the supply-demand and training system of the crew for domestic coastal shipping. First of all, it forecasted the prospect and effect in the future of the crew supply-demand through the analysis to the current situation of crew employment and the internal and external environment changes. Next, it suggested the specific role and alternatives of government, industry and educational institutions after the comparison and examination of the sailor policies among Korea and major shipping countries. In regard to the demand of crew manpower in coastal shipping, it figured out the bottoms and the current circumstances of sailors, and it could anticipate the future demand by the gradational approach. According to the findings, firstly the result of this simulation by the changes of the ship numbers demonstrated that the demand over the next 10 years will be 7,890~8,025 in the case of the growth 0.4%, and 7,894~8,063 in 0.5%. Secondly, assuming the growth 0.1~1%, the result illustrated that the demand will come to 7,879~8,258. This means the fact that the additional manpower has to be input to 20~430 annually from now on. To conclude, this study showed the more rational numbers about the supply-demand than the past researches and displayed the systematic approach to supply and train the crew in domestic coastal shipping.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.324-333
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• 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic reminded us again of the importance of essential workers who perform their roles in maintaining the stability of people's daily lives worldwide. Therefore, the International Maritime Organization and overseas countries designated seafarers as essential workers and proposed relevant measures for their protection to enable them to perform their role. In particular, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) urges related associations and member states to support safe boarding and disembarkation of seafarers. However, Seafarers were restricted from boarding or disembarking, shore leave and hospital treatment in certain countries owing to extreme nationalism. This study compares and analyzes the cases of international organizations and major overseas countries to provide a logical basis for the protection of seafarers who play an essential role in the safety of the global supply chain despite the COVID-19 pandemic. This study identifies the need to protect seafarers and their roles as essential workers in the shipping industry and suggests necessary aspects and institutional improvement measures for improving seafarers' working environment to strengthen the shipping industry's resilience. This study is expected to serve as future basic data for national policies aimed at reflecting the roles of seafarers as essential workers and the need to protect them.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 1996

Purpose : The dose calculation program for the Buckler type remote after-loading system was developed. This program also can be used to calculate dose for various sealed sources. Materials and Methods : We determined the source length and distribution by dividing the program disk to 72 points. The dose rate for the each program disk and source was calculated. The dose rate table for the xy coordinate was established. The dose rate for the interesting points of the patient were calculated by using this table, We also made isodose curve from this calculations. Results : The storage size for the dose rate table were increased. But the calculation of the dose rate for the patient were carried out rapidly. So we could get real time calculation. Conclusion : By using this program, we could calculate the dose rate for the various points of the patient quickly and accurately. This program will be useful for the treatment with various linear sources.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.448-456
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop basic data for the prevention of shipboard disasters and measures to improve the safety and health of seafarers by using a survey on the safety and health activities of seafarers. The questionnaire was administered to 437 people who have worked on a ship in the last six months. According to the results from the analyses (t-test, crosstab, and ANOVA), the level of safety and health activities of seafarers averaged at 68.82 points. The workplace clearance was the highest at 76.08 points, and the safety and health management system were the lowest at 62.78 points. As a result of the differences in the level of safety and health activities, the number of marine workers was higher than workers on land, and higher education was higher than lower education (p<0.01). It was higher for workers in coastal zones than for those in pelagic areas, and special cargo ships were higher than other ship types (p<0.01). Larger ships had a higher number of activities than small ships, and ships that were less than five years old had more activities (p<0.01). Therefore, in order to raise the level of safety and health activities of seafarers, it is necessary to develop safety and health education programs that take individual, job, and ship characteristics into consideration, and promote active safety and health activities on ships.