• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2007

This study investigated the influences of reciprocal peer tutoring strategy and field independencedependence in the instruction enhancing student questions by using weekly reports. Seventh graders (N=152) from a middle school were assigned to WR (weekly reports) and WR-RPT (weekly reports-reciprocal peer tutoring) groups. Students were taught about ‘three states of matter', ‘motion of molecules', and ‘change of states and thermal energy for eighteen class hours and wrote weekly reports six times for the period. The students in the WR-RPT group also conducted reciprocal peer tutoring with the questions of weekly reports which they wrote. The results revealed that the scores of the WR-RPT group were significantly higher than those of the WR group in a conception test regardless of students' field independence-dependence. The field dependent students in the WR-RPT group performed better in an achievement test than those in WR group, while there was no significant difference for the field independent stu dents between the two groups. Additionally, field independent students in each group scored significantly higher than field dependent students in the two tests. Many students, especially having more field independence in the WR-RPT group, perceived WR-RPT positively.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was investigated on that whether there was any statistical difference or not in terms of the career decision making according to the growth environment of High school students. The researcher surveyed 600 questionnaires for high school students and was using 539 questionnaires in the final analysis. They were analyzed by cluster analyses according to the growth environment scale and it classified into two cluster groups. The cluster group A and B had a significant difference on scores of the growth environment scale. The group A had more interested in activities such as political, social, intellectual, and cultural ones and participated at social and leisure activities. Moreover, the group was emphasis on moral and religious values. The group B got the higher score than group A about the score of the rational type of the career decision making: the group A got the higher score than the group B to the score of the dependent type. On the matter of the job information collection sub-scale, the group A got the higher score than the group B: the group A scored higher points than group B about the goal establishment and the self-estimate sub-scales. Therefore, in order to do the career-guidance of youths, each family had to provide positive growth environment which required various stimuli and affluent in experience settings for them to mature.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2012

Purpose: This study performed to compare degree of joint stiffness and clinical results between early and delayed reconstruction of acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four Patients who underwent ACL reconstruction between March 2008 and October 2010 enrolled this study. We divided the patient into 2 groups, early reconstruction group underwent surgery before a week, delayed reconstruction group underwent surgery after 3 weeks, before 6 weeks. All the patients underwent aggressive joint motion exercise till surgery and enrolled post operative rehabilitation program including self exercise. We checked range of motion, the Lachman test, the pivot shift test, the Lysholm score, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and the Tegner score to evaluate the results. Results: At the final follow up. The Lysholm score was 91.82 in the early group and 94.83 in the delayed group. All the cases were rated above B (near normal) on IKDC score (P=0.217, P=0.845). The Tegner score was 6.7 in the early reconstruction group and 7.1 in the delayed group (P=0.840), there was no difference between the groups for the range of motion (P=0.873, P=0.873), no complication such as deep vein thrombosis or infection, no difference in the Lachman test, pivot shift test (P=0.606, P=0.118). Conclusion: We could obtain satisfactory clinical results in both the early and delayed reconstruction groups of acute ACL injuries. Therefore, the early reconstruction of ACL performed before a week could be one of the treatment options for acute ACL injury.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.673-679
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• 2017

In this paper a method for estimating the 'service life' and 'residual life' of a water pipe based on the Water Pipe Network Performance Evaluation(WPNPE) results of Water Supply Technical Diagnosis was developed for efficient maintenance of water pipes. The residual life of a pipe was defined as the difference between the service life and elapsed time since installation. The service life was defined as the time when a pipe reaches the reference score for determining deteriorated pipes that was used in the WPNPE. The pipe evaluation criteria and deterioration scores used in the WPNPE for the case study area were considered as independent variables in the multiple regression model for estimating the service life and residual life of the pipes in the area. To estimate the service life for the pipes the reference scores for determining deteriorated pipes were used as the values of the variables that represent the deterioration scores in the constructed regression models. Subsequently, the statistics of the service life and residual life of the pipes in the case study area were presented and analyzed in comparison with the service life defined by the Local Public Enterprizes Act.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.148-156
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• 2019

This study identified the effects of Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Sleep on Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) in nursing students. Totally, 213 students of a nursing college located in C do, Korea, were enrolled for the study, which was accomplished through a questionnaire. Data were collected from May 20 to 30, 2019. The collected data were compiled using the SPSS/WIN 25.0 statistic program by applying Chi-square test, Paired t-test, Pearson's Coefficient, and Multiple logistic regression. The following results were obtained. The mean score for EDS was 8.95(±4.56), and Prevalence of EDS was determined to be 40.8%. The mean scores obtained for the affecting factors were Depression 10.05(±7.85), STAI-S 46.09(±9.50), STAI-T 46.47(±9.93), and Quality of Sleep 6.51(±2.95). Depression, STAI-S, STAI-T, and Quality of Sleep were significantly different for EDS and Non-EDS students (t=1.955, p=0.024; t=5.446, p<0.001; t=1.716, p=0.007; t=12.168, p<0.001; respectively). Multiple logistic regression revealed that factors associated with EDS were STAI-S and Quality of Sleep (adjusted odds ratio=1.04, 95% Confidence Interval=1.01-1.08; adjusted odds ratio=1.16, 95% Confidence Interval=1.04-1.29; respectively). These findings indicate the necessity to improve the quality of sleep and manage anxiety alleviation of nursing students, to reduce excessive daytime sleepiness.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2003

Objectives: The object of this study was to compare between perceived stress, coping strategies and quality of life between parents of childhood cancer and normal controls. Methods: Global assessment of recent stress(GARS) scale and symptom checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R) were used to measure perception for stressors and stress responses(psychopathology). Coping scale and Smithklein Beecham quality of life scale were used to measure coping strategies and quality of life. Results: Scores of perceived stress related to interpersonal, changes in relationship, sickness or illness, financial, unusual happenings on the GARS scale were significantly higher in parents of childhood cancer than normal controls. Scores of the SCL-90-R, somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility subscale were also significantly higher in parents of childhood cancer than normal controls. Scores of self control and positive reappraisal were significantly higher in parents of childhood cancer than normal controls. Parents of childhood cancer scored significantly lower in quality of life than normal controls. Scores of depression were also significantly higher in parents of children diagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) than those as acute nonlymphocytic leukemia(ANLL). Conclusions: The results suggest that patients with parents of childhood cancer were likely to have higher levels of perceived stressor and psychopathology and lower quality of life than normal controls.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2007

Introduction : A positive thinking has been known to affect the enhancement of performance. One of temperament characters, harm avoidance is thought to be associated with anxiety related behaviors. Golfer showed highest anxiety and lowest score of harm avoidance, compared to any other sports. We hypothesized that positive feedback and reinforcement in golfer would decrease the anxiety and improve the performance. Methods : Fifty one golfers with the age from 15 to 19 were classified into two groups; 25 golfers who used Zinsser's Changing Negative thoughts to Positive thoughts and Beswick's positive self talk when exercise and competition (P-FB) and 26 golfers who had not (controls). Harm avoidance, Spielberg's Trait and State Anxiety, and Golf scores has been assessed at baseline and 6 months later. Results : There was no significant difference in baseline harm avoidance, anxiety, and golf scores between P-FB and controls. The total golf scores in both groups have improved after 6 month later. However, P-FB group showed greater improvement of total scores and putting scores, compared to controls. The state anxiety in PFB group has been decreased, while there was no change in controls. The change in the state anxiety was correlated with harm avoidance and the change in total golf scores. Discussions : The positive thinking has enhanced performance and state anxiety. The improvement of performance and anxiety in golfers was associated with high harm avoidance. The current study showed that the regulation of anxiety with positive thinking was helpful to the performance enhancement in subject with high harm avoidance.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2011

Purpose: We evaluated the minimal 1 year follow-up results (shoulder stability and the clinical and functional results) for the Remplissage technique to fill a Hill-Sachs lesion. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 12 patients who could be followed up for more than 12 months after the "Remplissage" procedures in our hospital from December 2008 to November 2009. Their mean age was 27.9 years old and the mean follow-up was 19 months. The evaluations included the ROM, the ASES score, the KSSI score, the ROWE score and postoperative MRI. Results: On the postoperative functional evaluation after an average of 16 months, the ASES score improved from 50.8 preoperatively to 78.3 postoperatively, the KSSI score improved form 44.5 preoperatively to 81.0 postoperatively and the ROWE score improved from 40.2 preoperatively to 84.3 postoperatively. After an average 14 months for all the cases, the range of movement was nearly in the normal range, which is 178.6${\pm}$18.6 (165~180) degrees for forward flexion and 49.3${\pm}$10 (43~60) degrees for external rotation. Conclusion: For recurrent shoulder instability with a large Hill-Sachs lesion, the Remplissage technique has a good outcome after more than 1 year follow-up in terms of the shoulder stability and the clinical and functional results.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2007

Objectives: previous studies have suggested the possible predisposing personality in fibromyalgia(FM). The aim of this study is to investigate the personality traits in female patients with FM compared to healthy female controls using the Temperament and Character Inventory(TCI) and furthermore, to evaluate the personality traits affecting the severity of the symptoms of FM. Methods Forty female patients with FM and 40 healthy female controls were examined using the TCI and the Hamilton depression rating scale. The FM patients were also evaluated the severity of the symptoms of FM using the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire(FIQ). Results : ANCOVA with age and depression levels as covariates showed that the FM patients scored significantly higher on the harm avoidance(F=2.187, p=0.047) and lower on the self-directedness(F=4.551, p=0.036) than the healthy controls. The FIQ scores showed positive correlation with the harm avoidance scores in the FM patients when adjusting for age and depression level(R=0.399, p=0.013) Multiple linear regression models revealed that the harm avoidance scores would affect the FIQ scores in FM patients(95% Cl=0.004-1.942, p=0.049). Conclusions : These results suggest that the female FM patients have distinctive temperament and character dimensions compared to the healthy female controls. Moreover, the harm avoidance may be the predictive personality to affect the severity of the symptoms of female FM patients.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2017

This study aims to develop a reliable and valid Geriatric Reaction Inventory-Simplified Form (GRI-SF). Reaction inventory for measuring anger (Evans & Stangelang, 1971) is an assessment tool in a view of stimuli for measuring the level of anger invoked from the anger-triggered experiences. Yet, the inventory, comprised of 76 items, is sometimes incapable of finishing up the lengthy questionnaire. In the sense, a simplified form of RI is necessary for those lacks cognitive ability such as stroke patients or the elderly. In study 1, a full version of Reaction Inventory was given for the elder who are above 60, and ten items out of 76 was selected to form GRI-SF based on the psychometric theory. In study 2, the reliability and validity of GRI-SF was tested by another sample group of elderly with some additional examinations. The reliability was good with Cronbach's alpha of 0.79. Based on the fact that GRI-SF measures the personal trait anger, GRI-SF should not be only strong correlation with the scores of trait anger strongly, but be less correlated with scores representing other aspects of anger. As a result, GRI-SF score showed strong correlations with trait anger among other sub-categories of State-Trait Expression Inventory (STAXI), and was less correlated with anger-out score which reflects behavioral aspect of anger. Moreover, it is less correlated (r=.41) with hostility representing attitudinal or cognitive aspects of anger. Consequently, GRI-SF, constructed by this research, is verified to be a reliable and valid tool for anger measurement.