• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.197-215
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to show practices of teaching method based on the type of knowledge in geography education. The results of examining the type of knowledge according to the five themes in guidelines for geographic education in america are as follows: the empirical-analytic knowledge-centered contents are suited for designing concepts inquiry-centered teaching. The historical-hermeneutic knowledge-centered contents are suited for designing problem solving-centered teaching. The critical knowledge-centered contents are suited for designing decision-making-centered teaching. In this shsdy, 1 emphasized teaching method based on the type of knowledge in Ceographv Education according to the responses of students and academic achievement. However, in practice l propose that teachers construct their lesson plans according to their various spheres of interest.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.50
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• pp.89-120
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• 2013

The concept of virtue seems to be one of the rare cases where the European and the Chinese traditions coincide. The meaning of the Latin word virtus and of Greek $aret{\acute{e}}$ seems to be similar to the Chinese $d{\acute{e}}$德. Most striking in virtue is that it is a capacity for self-realisation through action which is unique to man. On the other hand, there is something physical about it. It is the strength to do something. This strength overcomes the resistance of what is naturally given, it transforms the world, turns the natural world into a human one. In the Chinese tradition, $d{\acute{e}}$ 德, i.e. virtue, is therefore always connected with $da{\grave{o}}$ 道, the totality of natural forces. In the Chinese tradition, as opposed to the European one, virtue is itself considered to be a natural force that is present in man. This force sustains man's connectedness, unity and harmony with the surrounding world. Things exist through the unity of principle理 and ether氣. But the knowledge of this unity is due to principle. Moral and legal norms are shifted totally to the sphere of principle. Therefore their have found the final dissolution from a heroic models. Above all the classical Confucians, but also the other schools, would reply to this that there is nothing more precise than a concrete successful action. Its result fits the world perfectly. The difference is due to the differing interest of ethical thought. In the case of the Confucians the path is more direct. The actor establishes a precise pattern for other actions. Education therefore lies in detailed knowledge about forms of behaviour, not so much in conceptual differentiation. It is quite possible that generalisation may be a methodical prerequisite for success in this endeavour. That problem, too, is discussed. But the success of conceptualisation lies in the successful performance of individual actions, not in shaping actions in accordance with normative concepts.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.31-36
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• 2010

An alternative method is presented for predicting failure probability of pipelines with corrosion defects in this paper. The failure of corroded pipeline occurs when the operating pressure is grater than the remaining strength of the pipeline, and a limit state function can be defined as the differences between the remaining strength and the operating pressure. Then, based on structural reliability theory, we can estimate the failure probability of corroded pipeline, which is dependent on elapsed time of the pipeline with active corrosion defects. In this study, a root finding (RF) method has been adopted to solve the limit state function instead of Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) method which traditionally has been employed to solve those kinds of problems. The calculation results shows that there are only small differences between the RF and the MCS method but the RF has higher efficiency in calculation than the MCS.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 1995

The Jangsan Quartzite of the Joseon Supergroup and the foliated granite (so-called granitlc gneiss of presumed Precambrian age) of the Yeongnam massif are in direct contact at Cheondong-ri area, 6 km @SE of Danyang. sllthough it has been thought traditionally that the Jangsan Quartzite overlies unconformably the f&ted granite, it is difficult to interpret the contact as an unconformity smce the basal conglomerate in- the lower part of the Jangsan Quartzite does not have any clast of the foliated granite, Rather, recent structural studies of this area indlcate that the contact is a ductile shear zone. However, the sense and age of the shear movement are still problematic. Our mesoscopic and microscopic studies of &tre Cheondong-11 semi-brittle shear zone involving foliated cataclasite and phyllonite, which is a pa& of the Ogdong fault, indlcate a top-to-the northeast shearing, i.e., dextral strike slip. We also performed Pb-Pb dating for the age-unknown foliated granite, since the age of deformed granite ccarr emtrain the maximum age of deformation. The whole rock and feldspar Pb isotape data for the foliated granite and a micaceous xenolith define an isoc chron age of $2.16{\pm}0.15$ Ga ($2{\sigma}$;MSWD=4.4) which is interpreted as the emplacement age of the granite. This early Proterozoic age agrees with those of Precambrian igneous activity In the Yeongnam massif reported previously. The obtaiPrfid gge confirms the traditional idea about the age of the foliated granite and indicates that other methd(s) should be employed to constrain the age of the shear movement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.225-227
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• 2018

This research paper examines the history and present of 'temporary passengers' prescribed in Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations and suggests improvement plans referring to the examples of legislation of other countries. In 2015, Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries made authoritative interpretation that Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations, which prescribes special cargo drivers such as agricultural, marine or livestock vehicles as temporary passengers, is applied only to passenger ships and not to cargo ships such including Ro-Ro cargo ships. As the authoritative interpretation of the Ministry does not agree with not only the traditional interpretational methodology but also the interpretational methodology that are commonly used today, it lacks logical basis and looks unpersuasive. Paragraph 9 of Article 5 of the Ships Safety Act Enforcement Regulations can be applied not only on passenger ships but also on cargo ships. Also in case of Ro-Ro cargo ships, it is logically contradictory and against fairness not to acknowledge special cargo vehicle drivers as temporary passengers when there is no problem with safe navigation and safety of passengers on board even when the sailor, the sailor's family and the ship owner may be acknowledged as temporary passengers. To avoid unnecessary disputes and lawsuits, improvement plans using theory of legislation through statutory reform is more desirable. Therefore, the P aragraph should be amended to "Supercargo who deals with cargo that requires special care due to the characteristics of the cargo, such as transportation vehicles for agricultural products, marine products, livestock, explosives or flammable materials (drivers can serve as supercargos)" to reflect the distinct characteristics of cargo and ship navigation in Korea including the current distribution system, while setting an objective standard based on common sense of ordinary people and not on arbitrary interpretation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.738-749
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• 2020

The stamp commemorating the inauguration of a president is the smallest historical symbol that contains a nation's vision and wishes of the times. The stamp itself is just a collection of images but contains the meaning of the highest leader's perceived image at the time through their face and a symbol. This paper regarded presidential inauguration commemorative stamps in the context of advertisement or promotional materials to structurally analyze the images of the political leaders embedded in stamps utilizing 'semiology' theory, which is considered to be a useful method of advertisement. In accordance with social and cultural changes, the 2000s, when the changes in the presidential inauguration stamp was most distinctively noticeable, was set as the time frame. Only the presidential inauguration commemorative stamps of Moo-hyun Roh, Myung-bak Lee, Geun-hye Park, and Jae-in Moon were selected for this study. In order to interpret the image, a semiotic structure was applied to reconstruct the meaning of the image of the political leaders. Since this can lead to subjective judgment in image analysis, it attempted to find the truth through comprehensive interpretation and approach it from the social and cultural contexts, not a static approach. In this paper, the images of the Korean political leaders in the 2000s shown on stamps are no longer influenced by traditional political factors such as political parties, political ideologies, and regional origins due to the evolution of democracy. This study derives the characteristics of the images of independent and characteristic leaders centered on a person according to the situations and social phenomena of the times.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

Using an isogeometric approach, a continuum-based shape design optimization method is developed for steady state power flow problems at high frequencies. In case the isogeometric method is employed to the shape design optimization, the NURBS basis functions used in CAD geometric modeling are directly utilized to embed the exact geometry into the computational framework so that the design parameterization for shape optimization is much easier than that in the finite element method and consequently provides the enhanced smoothness of design perturbations. Thus, exact geometric models can be used in both the response and the shape sensitivity analyses, where normal vector and curvature are continuous over the whole design space so that enhanced shape sensitivity can be expected. Through numerical examples, the developed isogeometric sensitivity is compared with finite difference one to provide excellent agreement. Also, it turns out that the proposed method works very well in the shape optimization problems.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.6 s.175
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• pp.623-631
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• 2005

We applied the seismic method to investigate the site characteristics around the Circular Pond (top diameter 7.3 m, bottom diameter 3 m, and depth 4.78 m) at the Ssangsujung Park within the Gongsansung in Gongju. Previous excavations for the cultural assets beneath the Ssangsujung Park disclosed the assumed site of the Palace of the Beakje Dynasty and the Circular Pond containing the Bakje relics. We demonstrated that the seismic prospecting can be applicable to delineate the underground structure around the cultural properties by the three kinds of seismic approaches: walk-away test, conventional refraction method, and equal-distance refraction survey. The last method which is designed by this work ran detect the I-W variations of seismic velocity in the subsurface medium across the Circular Pond on the basis of the difference of the P-wave arrival times between the 1-m-spacing 24 geophones and the corresponding 24 shots parallel with the geophone profile. From the combined results, prominent three-layer velocity structure is observed around the Circular Pond. The bottom layer is interpreted as the basement rock which is exposed near the Ssangsujung whereas the upper layer with relatively lower velocities is interpreted to be the artificial covering. The basement depth beneath the Circular Pond is deeper than the norhern area. The western basement of Circular Pond has the thicker weaker layer compared with the eastern part. Thus, the middle layer could be constructed as the artificial foundation during the Beakje Dynasty. Consequently, the Kong-sansung Circular Pond is possibly built upwardly rather than digging.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.20
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• pp.227-241
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• 2015

As time is rapidly changing, the culture to represent an era is getting more subdivided and complex. Due to cultural diversity, the influence, cause, characteristics which could be understood in individual field centered by space in the past cannot be understood now only by the viewpoint of one field, and it has become difficult to predict and correspond to the change of the future. With the development of information and knowledge delivery system, various cultural contents to form a space are being created and lapsed, but there are a lot of parts which cannot be explained or understood by only one point of view. To inspect these situation, this study is aimed to draw the cultural and technical causes that became the influence with Suwon Hwaseong, a traditional space with historical superiority, analyze the key factors that became the main factor to form the space, and consider the importance of the related factors. Suwon Hwaseong is a new town formed by the order of King Jeongjo. Suwon Hwaseong at that time was a space with the will and effort of many people who dreamed a new era, and it has a meaning of varoius time ans space as historical facts and cultural values as well as the progress and development of scientific technology. The unstructured data technique which is applied as the method of analysis in this study can be said to be a new value judgement and viewpoint in interpreting the space. Therefore, this study is a new trial to provide a frame for multilaterally interpreting the various traditional space and culture of Korea from the past to the present.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.185-195
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• 2021

This study is to criticize whether festivals as cultural activities form cultural values by questioning about the animal cruelty in Korean festivals. Changes in the social awareness of animals and the viewpoint that shifted from human-centered thinking to values of the environment and life served as an opportunity to look back on animals. This study looked at festivals using animals in Korea and especially analyzed the four major animal festivals that have been criticized. A qualitative study method interpreting opinions, evaluations, alternatives, and arguments of cultural tourism and animal rights experts was implemented by conducting interviews with experts of cultural tourism and animal rights, who have conflicting views about animal festivals. The primary topic of discussion is a sharp criticism that 'sales of products based on innocence' is a commercialized cultural value. The expression that 'wrongful traditions do not need to be protected' is an escape from the customary memory of traditions that do not create cultural values. The act of stopping the long malpractice of traditional animal violence is the very act of creating 'cultural values.'