• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1045-1051
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• 2005

We developed an orofacial pains diagnosis/therapy system which can enlarge a therapy effect through a new stimulation. Contrary to its established method, this therapy system(DDTS-1) is a treating method which absorbs a surplus ion charge- the cause of an outbreak of a pain-of the human body using a capacitor. Absorbing a surplus ion charge of the human body with effect, it obtained optimal parameters which is control signal to control charging/discharging a capacitor to be 6Hz, and capacitance to be $0.1\~0.33{\mu}F.$ Through clinical demonstration, experimented on among patients-namely dental pain patients, joint disorders patients, and trigeminal neuralgia patients to verification of system. In result, an EAST stimulater had a very low change of abnormal potential against normal potential before/after being placed under medical care. DDTS-1 showed obvious differences that two potentials are one and the same potential or one potential is similar to the other one. DDTS-1 comparing with EAST showed the remedial value of the comparative advantage in all the medical treatment of pains. Therefore, stimulation of DDTS-1 is more effective than the existing electric stimulation. We verified its validity of ion charge absorption in the human body using capacitor which presented the present thesis. That is, we verified theoretical adequacy of control action in a pain, and its efficiency as well as confidence.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2023

The current circuit technology that individually connects each qubit to a control circuit at room temperature has limitations in achieving scalability and reliability of a quantum computer. With the advent of cryogenic CMOS interconnect electronics, it is expected to dramatically improve the interconnect complexity, system reliability and size, and price. In this paper, we introduce the CMOS integrated sensing and control technology platform overcoming the problems caused by the fragile and sensitive characteristics of qubit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.22-27
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• 2015

Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans) has various interesting behavioral properties, such as chemotaxis, thermotaxis, and electrotaxis. However, most previous research were only focused on single-stimulus for studying its behavioral properties. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective device for analyzing the behavior of C.elegans with combined stimuli, electric field and temperature. We compared and analyzed wild type worms (N2) and four mutant worms (tax-4, ttx-7, unc-54, unc-6). We analyzed the reaction of worms to certain stimulus and identified that this device is effective to apply a combined stimulus.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.845-850
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• 2015

This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of utilizing an adaptation for selective elicitation of tactile sensations by means of transcutaneous electrical stimulation. We conducted the first experiment to investigate how the stimulation frequency affected the adaptation. Twenty healthy subjects participated in the second experiment to confirm our proposal that the perception intensity of the low-frequency vibration can be enhanced after a high-frequency adaptation, and vice versa. It was found that (1) a low-frequency stimulation did not adapt the nerve afferents responsible for the high-frequency vibration, (2) a high-frequency stimulation affected the nerve afferents responsible for the low-frequency vibration, but adapted to the pressure sensation more intensely, and (3) more than 62% of the subjects reported a more clear selective sensation after the adaptation had lessened or depressed the unwanted sensation. The observations showed that adaptation of the nerve afferent could be utilized for selective elicitation of tactile sensations.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.541-549
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• 2001

The term 'silent period(SP)' refers to a transitory, relative or absolute decrease electromyography(EMG) activity, evoked in the midst of an otherwise sustained contraction. Masseteric SP is elicited by a tap on the chin during isometric contraction of masseter muscle. In this paper, a new EMG signal generation model including SP in masseter muscle is proposed. This work is based on the anatomical structure of trigeminal nerve system that related on temporomandibular joint(TMJ) dysfunction. And it was verified by comparing the real EMG signals including SP in masseter muscle to the simulated signals by the proposed model. Through this studies, it was shown that SP has relation to variable neurophysiological phenomena. A proposed model is based on the control system theory and DSP(Digital Signal Processing) theory, and was simulated using MATLAB simulink. As a result, the proposed SP model generated EMG signals which are similar to real EMG signal including normal SP and an abnormal extended SP. This model can be applied to the diagnosis of TMJ dysfunction and can effectively explain the origin of extended SP.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.330-337
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• 2005

The ratio of aged class has been increasing gradually not only in Korea, but also in the world since several years ago. As a result, many unexpected social problems started to now. The burden charged to this society is to solve those problems; how to take care of that aged people, how to offer jobs to them, etc. It means that the study about the aged class should be done soon. Due to that need, this thesis is wrote out. The aim of this thesis is to detect the emotion of aged people and establish a certain algorithm for detecting it. In the whole process of experiment and analysis, I used HRV(Heart Rate Variability) data since the heart is a representative which is controlled by the ANS(autonomic nervous system), and the ANS reflects the changes in emotion. After stimulating the aged people with the authorized pictures which induce different emotions each. 1 measured HRV of those aged. The HRV data is then analyzed in the two domain area, time and frequency. 1 guessed that the result would show some certain differences according to the pictures and it was shown from the experiment. Seeing the result, HRV was changed by what the aged felt looking at the pictures. Then it also means that visual stimulation influence on the has of the aged people.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.198-201
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• 2015

Using Arduino with a pressure sensor to create an interest in modern health care program is aimed. Currently, Korea is estimated that there are 4.2 million people in total incontinence. Through the convergence of Bio Technology and InformationTechnology these patients it is easy and simple to induce urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction treatment, etc., and to prevent the most effective pelvic floor muscle exercises (Kegel exercises below). The Kegel medical equipments which are currently sold in the market make users exercise by giving electrical stimulations compulsively. Users need to take off their bottoms and take the Femcon therapy in a closed room. This causes various restrictions of time, space and hygiene. This thesis designs a Kegel medical equipment which combines BT and IT, free form restraint in regard to space and hygiene, without the need to take off bottoms.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.377-384
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• 2007

Present tooth bonding system can be categorized into total etching bonding system (TE) and self-etching boding system (SE) based on their way of smear layer treatment. The purposes of this study were to compare the effectiveness between these two systems and to evaluate the effect of number of themocycling on microleakage of class V composite resin restorations. Total forty class V cavities were prepared on the single-rooted bovine teeth and were randomly divided into four experimental groups: two kinds of bonding system and another two kinds of thermocycling groups. Half of the cavities were filed with Z250 following the use of TE system, Single Bond and another twenty cavities were filled with Metafil and AQ Bond, SE system. All composite restoratives were cured using light curing unit (XL2500, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) for 40 seconds with a light intensity of $600mW/cm^2$. Teeth were stored in distilled water for one day at room temperature and were finished and polished with Sof-Lex system. Half of teeth were thermocycled 500 times and the other half were thermocycled 5,000 times between $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ for 30 second at each temperature. Teeth were isolated with two layers of nail varnish except the restoration surface and 1 mm surrounding margins. Electrical conductivity (${\mu}A$) was recorded in distilled water by electrochemical method. Microleakage scores were compared and analyzed using two-way ANOVA at 95% level. From this study, following results were obtained: There was no interaction between variables of bonding system and number of thermocycling (p = 0.485). Microleakage was not affected by the number of thermocycling either (p = 0.814). However, Composite restoration of Metafil and AQ Bond, SE bond system showed less microleakage than composite restoration of Z250 and Single Bond, TE bond system (p = 0.005).

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2023

Mass transport through nanoporous structures such as nanopores or nanochannels has fundamental electrochemical implications and many potential applications as well. These structures can be particularly useful for water treatment, energy conversion, biosensing, and controlled delivery of substances. Earlier research focused on creating nanopores with diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers that can selectively transport cationic or anionic charged species. However, recent studies have shown that nanopores with diameters of a few nanometers or even less can achieve more complex and versatile transport control. For example, nanopores that mimic biological channels can be functionalized with specific receptors to detect viruses, small molecules, and even ions, or can be made hydrophobic and responsive to external stimuli, such as light and electric field, to act as efficient valves. This review summarizes the latest developments in nanopore-based systems that can control mass transport based on the size of the nanopores (e.g., length, diameter, and shape) and the physical/chemical properties of their inner surfaces. It also provides some examples of practical applications of these systems.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2005

This study is a part of research that development of effective genetic resources preservation system using the in vitro spermatogenesis, in vitro insemination and culture system. We aimed for establishment of in vitro culture system with in vitro activated porcine oocytes. The porcine oocytes were matured for 48 hours in $TCM199+10\%$ FCS and activated with $7\%$ ethanol. The activated oocytes were cultured for 7 days in $TCM199+10\%$ FCS or $NCSU23+0.4\%$ BSA medium. The activated oocytes were not developed to the blastocyst stage in $TCM199+10\%$ FCS medium. However in $NCSU23+0.4\%$ medium, those were developed to blastocyst with $3\%$ of treated oocytes. We extended maturation duration of porcine follicular oocytes fur 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 68, and 72 hours and activated with $7\%$ ethanol and cultured using $NCSU23+0.4\%$ BSA medium. The six percents of activated oocytes were developed to blastocyst in 48 hours and $10\%$ in 52 hours with comparatively low rates suggested to be not fully activated by regenerated MPF. Maturation durations from 56 hours to 68 hours supported to develop upto $11.9\~18.3\%$ of blastocysts. However the developmental rate was declined to $7.2\%$ at 72 hours of maturation duration because of cytoplasmic deterioration. The assumed time window for activation will be $56\~68$ hours of maturation duration. When the matured oocytes were activated with electric pulse of 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0kV/cm for $80{\mu}s$, although appling the electric current once was not enough for activation, appling twice with 1.6kV/cm for $80{\mu}s$ was shown the highest developmental rate with $11.3\%$. When those were compared with activating methods, $15.7%$ of blastocyst rate was obtained in the $7\%$ ethanol. That was higher than those in electric pulse with $9.5\%$ and calcium ionophore method with $5.8\%$. In this experimental condition, the $7\%$ ethanol treatment was the most effective method for activating porcine oocytes.