• Resources Recycling
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.69-78
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• 2015

Recently, the importance of efficient resource management has been highlighted due to the uncertainty of its security. Developed countries promote the legislative provision and transition of industrial structure to maximize the efficiency of resource use through supporting the sustainable resource management at national level. Meanwhile Korea has very sensitive industrial structure along with the international resource supply and demand conditions. It is acutely necessary to improve the resource productivity with the various action plans such as the increase of recycling rate and the establishment of methodical resource management system. Especially, the study on the direction of each flow stage and the concrete action plans for using resource efficiently in the life-cycle of resource will be required. Therefore, this study suggests the future direction of each flow stage(production stage and circulatory stage), and the concrete action plans to improve the present problems of resource management in Korea.

• Clean Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.269-274
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• 2018

In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of wet tissue manufacturing process was performed. The wet tissue manufacturing process consists of preparation of wetting agent (chemical liquid), impregnation of nonwoven fabric into wetting agent and primary and secondary packaging. Data and information were collected on the input and output of the actual process from a certain company and the database of the Korea Ministry of Environment and some foreign countries (when Korean unavailable) were employed to connect the upper and the lower process flow. Based on the above and the potential environmental impacts of the wet tissue manufacturing process were calculated. As a result of the characterization, Ozone Layer Depletion (OD) is 3.46.E-06 kg $CFC_{11}$, Acidification (AD) is 5.11.E-01 kg $SO_2$, Abiotic Resource Depletion (ARD) is $3.52.E+00\;1yr^{-1}$, Global Warming (GW) is 1.04.E+02 kg $CO_2$, Eutrophication (EUT) is 2.31.E-02 kg ${PO_4}^{3-}$, Photochemical Oxide Creation (POC) was 2.22.E-02 kg $C_2H_4$, Human Toxicity (HT) was 1.55.E+00 kg 1,4 DCB and Terrestrial Ecotoxicity (ET) was 5.82.E-04 kg 1,4 DCB. In order to reduce the environmental impact of the manufacturing process, it is necessary to improve the overall process as other general cases and change the raw materials including packaging materials with less environmental impact. Conclusively, the energy consumed in the manufacturing process has emerged as a major issue, and this needs to be reconsidered other options such as alternative energy. Therefore, it is recommended that a process system should be redesigned to improve energy efficiency and to change to an energy source with lower environmental impact. Due to the nature of LCA, the final results of this study can be varied to some extent depending on the type of LCI DB employed and may not represent of all wet tissue manufacturing processes in the current industry.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.403-410
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• 2016

During expressway construction it has been input a lot of material, but it does not manage to estimate quantitatively. In this study, the total material requirement for construction of expressway, which separated direct material requirement and indirect material requirement each section was quantified by combining life cycle assessment (LCA) and material flow analysis (MFA). In the direct material requirement, sand 2.27E + 04 ton/km, limestone 1.02E + 04 ton/km and gravel 4.47E + 03 ton/km were required, in the indirect material requirement, gravel 2.75E + 04 ton/km, iron 9.80E + 03 ton/km and coal 9.74E + 03 ton/km were required. Material such as sand, limestone which has high direct material requirement is require of excess input prevention from construction site, and material such as iron, rare metals(chrome, nickel) and coal which has high indirect material requirement is require additional studies of resource management.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.267-267
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• 2015

가상수의 흐름을 보다 가시적으로 파악하기 위하여 대두된 개념이 물발자국(water footprint)이다. 이는 흔히 사용되고 있는 생태발자국(ecological footprint)이나 탄소발자국(carbon footprint)에 착안하여 도입된 개념으로 한 국가의 물발자국은 직 간접적으로 물건이나 재화를 생산하는데 국민이 소비하는 물의 총량으로 정의된다. 물발자국을 내적/외적으로 단순히 구분하여 산정하는 방식이 진화하여 1단위의 생산에서 유통 및 서비스까지 확대하여 그 전 과정을 모두 포함하는 물발자국 산정방식이 도입된 것은 최근의 일이다. 직접적인 물사용과 간접적인 물사용을 구분하여 물발자국을 산정하고, 그 위에 물의 성질에 따라 green water, blue water, 그리고 grey water로 각각 개념을 상세화하여 물발자국을 산정하는 방안이 도입되었다. 2009년 물발자국 산정의 표준화를 위한 스위스의 제안이 ISO에 제출되었고, 각 국가들에 의한 투표가 진행되어 2010년 물발자국 국제표준안이 채택되었다. 본 연구는 이러한 국제기구에 의한 일련의 국제표준화 작업을 대상으로 진행되었다. 2014년 ISO/TC 207 국제총회가 개최되어 환경경영시스템(SC1), 환경감사(SC2), 환경 라벨링(SC3), 환경성과평가(SC4), 전과정평가(SC5), 온실가스관리(SC7)의 6개 분과위원회(Sub-Committees)가 구성되어 세부논의가 진행되었으며, 이러한 과정을 분석함으로서 물발자국 국제표준(ISO 14046)과 향후 우리나라의 대응방안을 고찰하였다. 물발자국 국제표준(ISO 14046) 제정을 통해 물발자국의 필요성 및 중요성에 대한 국가 간 합의는 도출되었으나, 적용시기 및 세부적인 방법론 등에 대한 이견이 여전히 존재하고 있다. ISO 14046의 실질적 적용에 필요한 세부사항과 관련된 기술보고서 작업초안(WD 14073)은 작업반(SC5/WG8)에서 진행되고 있다. 그러나 물발자국 국제표준이 국가 간 무역장벽이나 특정국의 진입을 막는 수단으로 사용될 수 있는 점 등 실질적으로 국제표준의 도입에 따른 문제점 역시 존재한다. 본 연구에서 제시된 국제표준의 도입 방안을 통하여 가상수무역의 국제적 선점효과를 기대함과 동시에 수자원의 유효한 활용을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.