• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.350-356
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• 2008

Biochemical characterization including hemagglutination of erythrocytes, molecular weight, optimum temperature, thermal stability, optimum pH, carbohydrate specificity, and inhibitory effect of metal ion were studied in lectin of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit prepared by ammonium sulfate fractionation and affinity chromatography. This lectin was agglutinated by trypsin-treated rat blood erythrocyte. The molecular weight of this lectin by SDS-PAGE was estimated to be approximately 19.3 kDa of a single band. This lectin has no activity by 7 carbohydrates containing D-glucose. The optimum range of temperature and pH were $10-20^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.2-7.2, respectively. This lectin was relatively stable at $20-70^{\circ}C$. And the activity of this lectin was not inhibited by $Ca^{2+},\;Co^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\;Fe^{2+},\;Mg^{2+}$, and $Mn^{2+}$.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 1972

Throughout the studies the following experimental results were obtained and summarized. 1. Treatment of MVE virus with acetone, Tween-ether and Tween-ether-protamine sulphate caused an eight to 16 fold increase in HA activity. 2. Treatment with acetone and Tween-ether resulted in a four fold increase in CF activity. Treatment with Tween-ether-protamine sulphate decreased the activity. 3. The crude virus showed a complete loss of infectivity after treatment with Tween-ether, but three log unit was, decreased with acetone treatment. 4. The HA activity of treated and crude virus was disappeared after heating at $37^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes but CF activity was increased. 5. Tween-ether or acetone treatment equally applicable to the preparation of haemagglutinin for HI test. 6. Zonal centrifugation of crude virus in a linear ten to 60 percent sucrose gradient showed two peaks of CF activity, and one of high buoy ant density part accompanied by HA activity and infectivity and the other of lower density part. Acetone treatment brought a decrease of the high density CF activity but not affected the second peak of low density found with crude virus, and resulted in increased HA activity and decreased infectivity. The peaks of HA, CF and infectivity after acetone treatment were not clearly separated. Tween-ether treatment caused a loss of the peak of CF activity found in the area of high density with crude virus, but the peak in the area of low density was not affected. This peak of CF activity was separated from noninfectious HA activity. The HA and CF activities were considered to be contributed by different parts of the varion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.587-593
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• 1995

Lectin was purified by using $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-150 column chromatography from Alismatis Rhizoma(AR). The specific activity of AR lectin was 50, 441units/mg, and purification folds were 114. The AR lectin agglutinated human erythrocytes of all types(A, B, O, AB). The molecular weight of AR lectin was estimated about 90, 500 daltons by gel filtration and each subunits were 42,000, 27,000 and 22,500 daltons on SDS-PAGE respectively. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin was inhibited by sialic acid, glucose, ribose, galactose, sucrose, and lactose. It was also inhibited by cations such as $Hg^{++},\;Fe^{++},\;Cu^{++}\;and\;Pb^{++}$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.120-126
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• 1989

This experiment was carried out to investigate the lectin of soybean (Glycine max L.) seed. Purification was done by 50-80% ammonium sulfate precipitation, CM-cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column. The purity was ascertained by electrophoresis. The molecular weight of purified lectin was estimated as 132,000. It was composed of three subunits which molecular weight was 45,000. The lectin was identified as glycoprotein by Schiff's reagent staining and Dubois method. The lectin agglutinated erythrocytes of rabbit and human. The amounts of the lectin to agglutinate human erythrocytes differed among the blood types: The blood type A required the least amount, the next was B, O, and AB in order. The agglutination was specifically inhibited by 5${\mu}$g/ml of N -acetyl.-D-galactoseamine and 200${\mu}$g/ml of D-galactose. Other tested sugars could not inhibit the agglutination of the erythrocytes by the lectin.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.304-309
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• 1999

Two Lectins, designated FVL-1 and FVL-2, were isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of edible mushroom Flammulina veluripes using ammonium sulfate fractionation, ethanol treatment, DEAE-TOYPEARL ion-exchange column chromatography, and TSK-Gel HW-55F column chromatography. Specific activity increased 18 folds for FVL-1 and 7.9 folds for FVL-2 from ethanol treated sample. SDS-PAGE of FVL-1 and FVL-2 gave apparent molecular mass of 10.6 kDa and 37 kDa, respectively. FVL-2 agglutinated all type of human erythrocytes (A, B, AB, and O). However, FVL-1 agglutinated more human erythrocyte type O than type A, B, and AB. The hemagglutination activities of the FVL-1 were effectively inhibited by bovine submaxillary and porcine stomach mucins(BSM and PSM), fetuin, asialofetuin and cations, such as $Cu^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Fe^{2+}$. However, FVL-2 was not inhibited by any cations. The hemagglutination activities of the two lectins were not inhibited by the sugar, such as lactose, galactose and sugar derivatives. FVL-1 and FVL-2 were stable at pH $5{\sim}11$ and pH $4{\sim}7$, respectively. FVL-1 was stable below $55^{\circ}C$ and FVL-2 was below $45^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.1510-1515
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• 2004

Aggregability of red blood cells (RBCs) was determined by a laser backscattering light analysis in a microfluidic channel. Available techniques for RBC aggregation often adopt a rotational Couette-flow using bob-and-cup system for disaggregating RBCs, which causes the system to be complex and expensive. A disposable microfluidic channel and vibration generating mechanism were used in the proposed new detection system for RBC aggregation. Prior to measurement, RBC aggregates in a blood sample were completely disaggregated by applying vibration-induced shear. With the present apparatus, the aggregation indexes of RBCs can be easily measured with small quantities of blood sample. The measurements with the present aggregometer were compared with those of LORCA and showed a strong correlation between them. The aggregability of the defibrinogenated blood RBCs is markedly lower than that of the normal RBCs. The noble feature of this design is the vibration-induced disaggregation mechanism, which enables to incorporate disposable element that holds the blood sample.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.179-182
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• 2004

혈관의 협착으로 인만 혈류의 교란과 그로 인한 초음파 반향의 영향을 튜브에 편심 협착 (eccentric stenosis)을 부착하고 돼지 혈액을 이용해 실험실에서 연구했다. 상용화된 GE LOGIQ 700 Expert 시스템과 M12L 의 선형 트랜스듀서를 이용해 B-모드 영상을 얻은 후 편심 협착 상류 지점과 하류 지점의 초음파 영상을 비교하여 분석하였다. 분당 20 회와 40 회의 박동율과 혈류속도를 바꿔가며 혈류의 교란에 따른 혈액에서의 초음파 영상을 분석한 결과, 편심 협착으로 인한 혈류의 교란으로 적혈구 응집현상이 달라져 복잡한 초음파 반향 분포가 형성되었다. 비침습적 실시간 초음파 영상은 편심 협착으로 인한 혈류의 교란과 그로 인한 혈액의 적혈구 응집 현상을 이해하고 연구하는데 도움이 된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.320-320
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• 1994

Carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide(Ge-132)를 투여용량(300,600, 900mg/kg)과 투여일을 변화시켜 정상마우스와 cyclophosphamide(CY)로 처리한 마우스에 경구투여한 후, Ge-132가 CY 에 의해 변화된 마우스의 면역기능에 미치는 효과를 실험하였다. SRBC 항원 주사전, 동시 또는 후에 Ge-132를 투여시 SRBC에 대한 적혈구 응집소가와 비장세포의 용혈반 형성세포(PFC)수가 항원 주사일과 관계없이 용량의존적으로 증가되어 체액성 면역반응을 강화시켰으며, 마크로파지의 탐식능도 항진시켰다. 그러나 DNFB에 대한 접촉성 지연형 과민반응은 DNFB 감작일과 투여용량에 관계없이 Ge-132투여로 억제되었다. CY를 투여한 마우스에 Ge-132를 병용 투여한 군이 CY 단독 투여군에 비하여 적혈구 응집소가와 PFC수 및 혈중 탄소입자의 제거율이 현저하게 증가되어, CY로 억제된 체액성 면역반응과 마크로파지의 탐식능이 항진된 것으로 나타났다. DNFB 감작 전 CY 투여로 증폭된 접촉성 지연형 과민반응이 Ge-132 병용투여로 감소되어 CY로 유도된 면역독성 반응에 대한 Ge-132의 저지효과를 시사해 주었다.

• 순환기질환의공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.21-23
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• 2006

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.606-612
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• 1989

A New lectin from baby clam, Tapes japonica, was isolated and purified through the following procedures; acetone powder, 0.15M NaCl extraction, ammonium sulfate fractionation, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-agarose affinity column, and ion exchange Mono Q of FPLC. This lectin nonspecifically agglutinated human erythrocytes but didn't agglutinate mouse and rabbit erythrocytes. And the lectin neither stimulated human lymphocytes nor agglutinated Sarcoma 180 cells. On polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the lectin migrated as a major single band indicating homogeneous. A molecular weight was estimated to be about 131,000 daltons by Biogel P-300 and 125,000 daltons by SDS-PAGE without ${\beta}-mercaptoethanol$. This lectin is supposed to be a tetramer composed of heterogeneous subunits, about 30,000 and 33,000 daltons. Baby clam lectin was inhibited by EDTA and recovered agglutinating activity by $Ca^{++}\;and\;Mn^{++}$. This lectin is revealed as glycoprotein that contained about 4.2% neutral sugar.