• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.485-491
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• 2015

The technology review about risk of hypothermia of victim according to heat transfer characteristic of life raft and sea state can use accident correspondence of standing and sinking of ship. This study studied heat transfer characteristics required for the design of life raft and thermal insulation property analysis and evaluation methods. In addition, it is study for comprehend the risk of hypothermia and suggest analysis result that is experiment of thermal insulation property and body temperature property for decide of prediction the body temperature decline Thermal Analysis apply the finite element analysis method is comprehended the property of heat conductivity, convective effect of sea water and properties changes according to property of insulation material. it measure the heat flux with attach temperature sensor on body in order to comprehend the variation of body temperature with boarding a life raft experiment on a human body. This study validate results by comparing variation of temperature measured from experiment on a body with variation of temperature from finite element analysis model. Also, the criteria of hypothermia was discussed through result of finite element analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2008

The characteristics of temperature profile around human body with heating life vest at sea were investigated in this paper. Especially, the temperature profile of human body was numerically calculated by finite difference method with Mathcad. The main parameters were seasonal mean sea water temperature, heating amount and heating duration time of heating life vest. In this paper, the boundary layer was composed by the difference matters, and the thermal conductivity was calculated with an adjacent cells using thermal resistance method. It was clarified that the body temperature was kept highly and the risk of death from hypothermia was reduced by wearing heating life vest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.141-143
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• 2015

최근 지구 온난화의 환경 변화에 극지 항로의 개척의 기회가 열렸다. 우리나라 선박은 극지항해 중 한랭손상의 경험이 매우 낮을 뿐만 아니라 열악한 선내의료 환경에서 손상 환자의 발생 시 정확한 응급처치는 어려울 수 있다. 한랭손상 중 저체온증과 동창, 동상에 대해 선내에서 정확한 환자평가와 응급처치를 위해서 국내 외의 응급처치 분야의 교육 자료를 조사하고 선내 한랭손상 응급처치의 기초 자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 수행하였다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2016

Although the life jacket can provide the buoyance with the drowner, heat loss can make the drowned individual be subject to the hypothermia. In this study, The thermal insulation of two types life jacket including inflatable and foam type were evaluate by both experiments and numerical analysis. To estimate the thermal resistance of the jackets, experiments on the heat flux were conducted by the thermal manikin exposed to cold water. Heat flux loss on the surface of thermal manikin were measured for both foam and inflatable type life jacket. Also, finite element method is applied to a body section in order to understand the level of hypothermia of each life jacket. The segmental of human thigh is represented by a multi-layered section which considers the heat conduction within tissue, bone and fat. As a result, the thermal resistance and hypothermia time of each jackets have been compared based on the finite element analysis. It was found that the insulation ability of suggested life jackets is better than that of conventional type.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2015

Exposure to cold sea water can be life-threatening to the drowned individual. Although appropriate life jacket can be usually be provided for the buoyance at the drowning accident, heat loss can make the drowned individual experience the hypothermia. Inflatable life jackets filled with inflatable air pocket can increase the thermal protection as well as the buoyancy force. Because it is important to know how the human body behaves unde the different life jacket, present study compares the thermal insulation capacity of solid type life jacket with that of inflatable life jacket. In order to represent the insulation capacity of life jacket, thermal resistance is estimated based on the assumption of steady-state. Also, a transient three-dimensional thermal distribution of the thigh is analyzed by using finite element method implementing the Pennes bioheat equation. The finite element model is a segmental, multi-layered representation of the body section which considers the heat conduction within tissue, bone, fat and local blood flow rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.469-471
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• 2014

기존의 온도 측정 시스템은 사용자의 체온 혹은 주변의 온도를 알기 위해서 여러 매체들을 이용하여 조사하고, 또한 매체들을 통해서 나오는 온도들은 그 지역 혹은 장소의 평균적인 온도를 가르쳐 주므로 사용자의 온도 및 사용자 주변 온도를 알기가 어려웠다. 최근 사용자의 정보를 알기위해 의류와 IT를 융합한 웨어러블 제품들이 많이 출시되고 있지만 사용자의 온도 및 사용자 주변 온도를 측정하는 제품들은 아직 출시가 되어 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 현재 시중에 제공되고 있는 웨어러블 제품들과 다른 사용자의 체온을 측정하고 사용자 주변의 온도를 측정하여 사용자의 편의를 제공하고, 사용자가 저체온증 같은 신체 온도위주의 병에 걸리지 않도록 알려주고 이를 통해 사용자가 인지하여 후속 조치를 할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2008

Background: Protection of the brain is a major concern during thoracic aortic surgery using hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA). This study compares the surgical outcomes of two different cerebral protection methods in thoracic aortic surgery using HCA: retrograde cerebral protection (RCP) and antegrade cerebral protection (ACP). Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed data on 146 patients who underwent thoracic aortic surgery from May 1995 to February 2007 using either RCP (114 patients, Group 1) or ACP (32 patients, Group 2) during HCA. There were 104 dissections (94 acute and 10 chronic) and 42 aneurysms (41 true aneurysms and 1 pseudoaneurysm), and all patients underwent ascending aortic replacement. There were 33 cases of hemiarch replacement, 5 of partial arch replacement, and 21 of total arch replacement. Result: The two groups were similar in preoperative and operative characteristics, but Group 2 had more elderly (over 70 years old) patients (34.4% vs. 10.5%), more coronary artery diseases (18.8% vs. 4.4%), more total arch replacements (46.9% vs. 5.3%) and longer HCA time ($50{\pm}24$ minutes vs. $32{\pm}17$ minutes) than Group 1. The operative mortality was 4.4% (5/114) and 3.1% (1/32), the incidence of permanent neurologic deficits was 5.3% (6/114) and 3.1% (1/32), and the incidence of temporary neurologic deficits was 1.8% (2/114) and 9.4% (3/32) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in operative mortality, postoperative bleeding, or neurologic deficits (permanent and temporary). Conclusion: The early outcomes of aortic surgery using HCA were favorable and showed no statistical difference between RCP and ACP. However, the ACP patients endured longer HCA times and more extended arch surgeries. ACP is the preferred brain protection technique when longer HCA time is expected or extended arch replacement is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.133-138
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• 1997

Prader Willi Syndrome(PWS) was first recognized and reported by Prader-Willi. The etiology of the syndrome is not fully understood, but 50-70% of the patients show small deletion in chromosome 15. Manifested symtoms vary according to developmental age. In early life, hypotonia, areflexia, feeding difficulties, hypothermia, microgenitalia, hypoplastic scrotum, cryptochordism were observed. But in several years, hypotonia disappears, and polyphagia, decreased satiety, psychomotor retardation, obesity, hypogonadism and short stature become main problems. Behavioural problems including temper and aggressive outbursts, stealing food, hoarding food, and self excoriating skin picking, trichotillomania are more prominent during adolescence and young adulthood. Also, irritable, depressed mood are described. Lots of psychological and behavioural problems explain the reason why psychiatrists have managed and reported this syndrome. However, there has been no official report of PWS in our country. So authors report the clinical characteristics and issues in management of a patient with PWS.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.505-514
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• 2017

Purpose: Maintaining body temperature is a key vital function of human beings, but little is known about how body temperature of highrisk infants is sustained during early life after birth. The aim of this study was to describe hypothermia in high-risk infants during their first week of life and examine demographic, environmental, and clinical attributors of hypothermia. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was done from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015. Medical records of 570 high-risk infants hospitalized at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) of a university affiliated hospital were examined. Body temperature and related factors were assessed for seven days after birth. Results: A total of 336 events of hypothermia (212 mild and 124 moderate) occurred in 280 neonates (49.1%) and most events (84.5%) occurred within 24 hours after birth. Logistic regression analysis revealed that phototherapy (aOR=0.28, 95% CI=0.10-0.78), Apgar score at 5 minute (aOR=2.20, 95% CI=1.17-4.12), and intra-uterine growth retardation or small for gestational age (aOR=3.58, 95% CI=1.69-7.58) were statistically significant contributors to hypothermia. Conclusion: Findings indicate that high-risk infants are at risk for hypothermia even when in the NICU. More advanced nursing interventions are necessary to prevent hypothermia of high-risk infants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.558-563
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• 2014

In order to reduce the risk of deaths from hypothermia at sea, this paper suggests the performance criteria of life rafts for small fishing vessels less than 20 m in length. In our country, the life rafts are not used and have no performance criteria. This research compared the performance criteria of the domestic, foreign, international standards, and the performance comparison between foreign life rafts and the user-friendly valise prototype(2 & 4 persons) which is developed by this study. As a result, it is considered to be appropriate that ISO 9650-1 can be applied to the life rafts for offshore fishing vessels while a milder criteria can be applied to the life rafts for coastal fishing vessels.