• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-42
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• 2023

Objective : The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of a single-subject research study and qualitative levels in which occupational therapy interventions were performed on children with cerebral palsy. Methods : This study targeted papers, published in Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), National Digital Science Library (NDSL), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), and E-article from May 20 to 29, 2022. The search terms were 'cerebral palsy' AND 'single subject research design' OR 'individual subject study'. Eleven papers, were finally selected and analyzed. Results : Most of the studies were medium in methodological quality, and the subjects were pre-school age and spastic hemiplegia. Among the single-subject designs, intervention-removal designs were the most common, and among them, ABA designs were the most common. Interventions included assistive devices, constraint-induced therapy, neurodevelopmental therapy, and sensory integration therapy were 2, and upper extremity exercise, interactive metronome, and CO-OP were 1. Dependent variables were measured with 2 to 4 measurement tools, Significant improvements were found in postural control ability, gait and balance, hand function, and upper extremity function. Conclusion : This study confirmed that it is helpful to apply cerebral palsy occupational therapy by presenting the characteristics of cerebral palsy, intervention sessions and effects, measurement tools and methodological quality levels.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.27-41
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• 2018

Objective : This study implemented occupation-based practice as a group program for children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, and investigated the quality of occupational performance, performance and satisfaction, and efficacy levels of the program. Methods : ADOC-S(Aid for Decision making in Occupation Choice-School) and COPM(Canadian Occupational Performance Measure) were used to establish common meaningful occupational goals for 10 children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. After occupational analysis of the 'subway use', the Performance Quality Rating Scale(PQRS) were used to evaluate the quality of occupational performance. Occupation-based interventions were implemented by participants individually performing meaningful occupations in the most natural and real-life environments as possible. The trial consisted of 1 session of pre-intervention assessments, 8 sessions of intervention, where a single session of 100 minutes is provided once a week. Post-intervention evaluation was conducted over one session. Results : The quality of occupational performance by PQRS was 38.10 higher than before intervention. The occupation-based intervention as a group program used the maintain and modify(compensation, adaptation) approaches and acquisition model. In the early stages of intervention (1 to 4 sessions), the occupational performance was greatly improved. The performance level of COPM increased by 5.80 and the satisfaction level was increased by 7.00. In addition, high scores were found in program satisfaction through parental interview. Conclusion : The results of implementing occupation-based interventions to children with neurodevelopmental disabilities showed increase in quality of occupational performance, performance, and satisfaction along with positive effects of satisfaction levels for the program.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.54-68
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to explore the clinical experiences of occupational therapists who have transitioned from adult to child occupational therapy to provide a basis for developing programs to facilitate rapid clinical adjustment for transitioning occupational therapists. Method : Telephone interviews and Colaizzi's phenomenological research method were employed. The interviewees were six occupational therapists with at least three years of clinical experience who had transitioned from hospital-based adult occupational therapy to sensory integration-focused children's occupational therapy. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed with the participants' consent. Results : The analysis of the interview transcripts yielded 3 categories, 7 themes, and 17 meanings. The three categories were the challenges facing transitioning occupational therapists in clinical practice, the strengths gained from their post-transition clinical experiences, and the facilitators needed before the transition to ensure quick clinical adjustment. Conclusion : Training and institutional arrangements must be in place to ensure that adult occupational therapists transitioning to sensory integration-focused child occupational therapy can quickly adapt clinically and professionally to their new environments.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.34-46
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• 2023

Objective : The purpose of this study was to systematically analyze the methods by which virtual reality (VR)-based occupational therapy interventions are applied to disabled children and adolescents and to assess their effectiveness. Methods : The RISS, DBpia, KCI, Science Direct, and CINAHL MEDLINE databases were searched for relevant literature from January 2012 to August 2022. The main search terms used were "virtual reality," "work therapy," "youth," "virtual reality," "occupational therapy," "child," and "adolescent." A total of 16 documents were selected for analysis by the 4th stage of the PRISMA flowchart. Results : In the 16 selected studies, VR-based occupational therapy when used with children and adolescents with disabilities and was shown to have meaningful effects. Among the types of cerebral palsy covered in the studies, the most common was hemiplegia, and the evaluation tools used for measurement of the VR effect were daily activities, cognition, exercise technology, social-interaction technology, and visual-perception evaluation. Nintendo wii and Microsoft Kinect produced the VR tools most commonly used to improve motor skills and daily life. Conclusion : The results of this study indicate that VR interventions can be used effectively in clinical practice. In the future, they may assist in the diagnosis of disabled children and adolescents, in helping to select VR tools that are suitable for the purposes of intervention, and in the presentation of specific methods.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.103-120
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• 2020

Objective : This study aims to understand the phenomenon of social admission in Korea's rehabilitation system by analyzing the perspectives of occupational therapists. Methods : We developed a written questionnaire based on RSAT and, in August 2019, distributed it to occupational therapists with more than three years of experience at the time. Data were analyzed using the van Kaam's method. Further, high frequency words were analyzed by word cloud in order to extract significant statements. Results : Forty-six written interviews were collected from various areas of Korea. We analyzed the data into 2 categories, 4 themes, 13 sub-themes. The two categories were 'hospital system' and 'external factors of occupational therapy practice'. The themes according to 'hospital system' were 'difficulties in implementing multidisciplinary approach' and 'inadequate discharge planning system'. The themes according to 'internal and external factors of occupational therapy' were analyzed as 'difficulties of occupational therapists' and 'difficulties in occupational therapy practice'. Conclusion : Occupational therapists in rehabilitation hospitals recognize that the reason for social admission is insufficient insurance systems related to occupational therapy services in rehab hospitals. This leads to difficulties in occupational therapy practice. We need to develop the insurance systems that can meet patient needs for social recovery.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2024

Objective : This study assessed ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence system based on a large language model, for its ability to pass the National Korean Occupational Therapy Licensure Examination (NKOTLE). Methods : Using NKOTLE questions from 2018 to 2022, provided by the Korea Health and Medical Personnel Examination Institute, this study employed English prompts to determine the accuracy of ChatGPT in providing correct answers. Two researchers independently conducted the entire process, and the average accuracy of both researchers was used to determine whether ChatGPT passed over the 5-year period. The degree of agreement between ChatGPT answers of the two researchers was assessed. Results : ChatGPT passed the 2020 examination but failed to pass the other 4 years' examination. Specifically, its accuracy in questions related to medical regulations ranged from 25% to 57%, whereas its accuracy in other questions exceeded 60%. ChatGPT exhibited a strong agreement between researchers, except for medical regulation questions, and this agreement was significantly correlated with accuracy. Conclusion : There are still limitations to the application of ChatGPT to answer questions influenced by language or culture. Future studies should explore its potential as an educational tool for students majoring in occupational therapy through optimized prompts and continuous learning from the data.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.7-18
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• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to confirm the research characteristics by analyzing the literature that applied the school readiness programs for children with disabilities. Methods : Studies were collected from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Research Information Sharing Service databases. The key terms were "School readiness" AND ("Occupational Therapy" OR "Rehabilitation") in English and Korean. Total eight articles were selected through the selection and exclusion criteria. Results : The programs included multi-type training, motor skill training, parent training, and mobile application training. The providers were psychologists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech pathologists, community workers, educators, and the psychologists who conducted most of the research. The program factors can be classified into academic function, motor function, social function, parental training, and others. Academic and social functions accounted for the largest proportion of the respondents. The intervention improved multiple skills, literacy, parenting skills, and gross fine motor function. Conclusion : This study aimed to provide basic data for school-based occupational therapy by analyzing school readiness programs for children with disabilities. Recently, interest in and research on school readiness has increased. Occupational therapists should also establish their roles in the field of school-related rehabilitation and provide various school-based occupational therapies.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Objective : Study purpose is to inspect not only the utility of Evaluation of Social Interaction(ESI) but also the efficiency of occupational therapy measurement in program based local community of solitary senior citizen in G region. Methods : Six solitary senior citizen in G region were participating in a community-based program were a convenience sample for this study. The Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model (OTIPM) provided the theoretical framework. The ESI provided a pre-test performance measure and also served as a guide for an five-week occupational therapy intervention program, and as a post-test to measure intervention effectiveness. Results : This study showed that the ESI was effective in guiding therapist Intervention related to social skill performance of participants during their participation in a community-based program. As a group, the difference between pre and post ESI logit measures was also significant(t=-7.362, p=0.001). Conclusion : The study provides initial considerations for the utility of the ESI to guide intervention related to social skill performance during daily occupations in Korea. It further documents the effectiveness of the ESI in measuring occupational therapy intervention, based on OTIPM, and supports occupational therapy services provided in a community based program context for those solitary senior citizen.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.123-134
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• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the level of human rights sensitivity of occupational therapists and compare the differences in the level of human rights sensitivity between variables to provide a basis for awareness, human rights behavior, and the development of human rights education programs. Methods : A questionnaire consisting of general characteristics and 10 human rights susceptibility episodes was distributed, and 131 copies were analyzed. Results : The average score for human rights sensitivity was 58.75 for male and 55.44 for female therapists. As for the difference in human rights sensitivity by episode by sex, statistically significant differences were found in the right to avoid illegal arrest and restriction and the right to freedom from imprisonment. In addition, as a result of differences in changes in human rights sensitivity by subcategory, there was a statistically significant difference between males and females in the perception of responsibility. In the case of males, the average score for perception of responsibility was the highest, and in the case of females, the average score for perception of the situation was the highest. Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to strengthen the content of educational programs in clinical settings to improve human rights consciousness and behavior.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

Objective : Purpose of this study is to discuss benefits and implications of the clinical reasoning process and re-evaluation in the OTIPM by introducing a single case that occupational therapy intervention is provided based on the OTIPM. Methods : The case subject is a boy aged 5 years and 10 month who had diagnosed as attachment disorder and anxiety disorder from a pediatric psychiatrist before. The boy is referred to sensory integration therapy clinic and underwent occupational therapy intervention service twice a week for four month. Therapeutic activities for the intervention were consisted of sensory integration activities for restorative model, care-giver education for educational model, and performance skill training for acquisitional model. Measurements used in the initial evaluation are JSI-R, DDST-2, Social Maturity Test, KPPS-R, and observation-based performance task analysis. For the performance task analysis, performance skill items were constructed based on the Occupational Therapy Process Framework (OTPF), and those were assessed by the evaluation system of Assessment of Motor and Process Skill (AMPS) and Evaluation of Social Participation (ESI). Results : The detail process of implementing of the OTIPM in this study is reported by following four phases; 1) establish client-centered performance context; 2) establish baseline and interpret cause (initial evaluation); 3) intervention planning and implementing; and 4) recognize intervention outcome (reevaluation). Conclusion : In this case, occupational therapist could provide the client an occupation-based intervention within comprehensive performance context based on the OTIPM. Therapist could clearly identify the cause of problematic performance skills and behaviors and so provide effective intervention to improve client's occupational performance. Additionally, it was found that client's satisfaction of the intervention can be raised when the concept of 'who is the client' is expanded based on the OTIPM. From this study, it is proposed that OTIPM may be a model educible 'comprehensive' enhancement of 'specific' occupational engagement, as it considers both improvement of occupational performance and satisfaction.