• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.179-190
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• 2012

The installation of an implant in the distal extension area to assist a partial dentrue (IARPD) was used carefully in clinical situations. The purpose of this review on the IARPD is describing the concept, clinical results and guidelines of IARPD. For the review, a literature search was performed using the PubMed. The data from the literature suggest that the placement of the implants could improve function and patient satisfaction. In addition, IARPD reduced the residual ridge resorption. Longer and wider implant should be placed. Less than $15^{\circ}$ angulation may be not harmful. To prevent the loosening of the abutment, modified abutment or resilient attachment should be used. However, the connection method between the clasp retention and IARPD should be considered for long time success. Moreover, longitudinal clinical studies are required for evaluation of IARPD.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.564-571
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• 2007

One of the methods for integrating XML data in distributed environments is using XML view. User can query toward distributed local XML views by using global XQuery queries in XQuery which is a standard query language for searching XML data. The global XQuery queries naturally contain join operations because of integrating and searching distributed heterogeneous data. Since join operations are generally expensive for processing a query, its processing technique is very important for efficient processing of global XQuery queries. Therefore there are some studies on the efficient processing of join operations and one of these studies is that selects minimum join cost by estimating a join selectivity. In case of SQL, there are already some researches for estimating a join selectivity and join cost of global SQL queries. However we can not apply their methods for estimating the selectivity of join operations in SQL queries into XQuery queries because of the structural difference between relational data and XML data. Therefore this paper proposes a method for estimating a selectivity of join operations in XQuery queries using the information of XML views. Our contribution is three threefold. First, we define the difference point for estimating join selectivity between SQL and XQuery. Second, we estimate join selectivity in XQuery queries by referring XML views. Third, we evaluate our estimating method.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2016

The development of translucent zirconia enabled clinicians to choose a monolithic zirconia crown as one treatment modality in the posterior dentition. Careful occlusal adjustments are recommended for monolithic zirconia crowns because grinding zirconia inevitably causes phase transformation, which may deteriorate mechanical properties. intraoral scanners enable the clinician to scan and superimpose a complete tooth structure before preparation onto the prepared abutment. This technique helps to reproduce the original tooth form and occlusion of the patient. In this case report, prostheses were fabricated for patients with cracked or fractured tooth by applying intraoral scanner, Computer aided design-computer aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) and monolithic zirconia crown to reproduce the occlusion of original tooth and to minimize occlusal adjustment. The clinical results were satisfactory in both esthetic and functional aspects.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.693-700
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of remaining natural teeth in elderly people visiting dental care services and the factors affecting dental visit. This study will contribute the development of oral health promotion programs for the elderly people. Methods : Subjects were 172 elderly people recruited from 217 senior citizens visiting public oral health care services in 16 districts in Busan. They completed self-Corresponding Author reported questionnaires. Results : Elderly people had less remaining natural teeth (p<0.001). The remaining natural teeth ($15.07{\pm}8.75$) of the health insurance beneficiary were majority than those of the medicaid ($8.78{\pm}8.45$)(p<0.001). The respondents with better oral health condition had more remaining natural teeth (r=0.317, p<0.001), and those who were more worried about oral health had less remaining natural teeth (r=-0.599, p<0.001). Aging accelerates loss of natural teeth (p<0.001) of 3.203. Approximately 2.188 remaining teeth will be preserved by oral health care improvement (p=0.009). Conclusions : Frequent dental clinic visit will prevent natural teeth loss in the elderly people. Toothbrushing is the most efficient method of oral health care in the elderly people. Awareness towards oral health care is the motivation to preserve natural teeth in the elderly people.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2010

Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term encompassing a group of non-progressive non-contagious motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development. Motor disorder of cerebral palsy is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, behavior and seizure disorder. Disharmony of motor function leads to frequent falling down. Moreover patients have high prevalence of class II malocclusion. Compared to normal patients, the patients with cerebral palsy tends to have high prevalence of recurrent trauma and bruxism which make restoration of the anterior tooth more difficult. This case report is consisted of three cases of cerebral palsy patients who have challenging problems with restoration of anterior teeth.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.237-245
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• 1998

만성 B형 간염 환자에서 Interferon (IFN) 치료 후 혈청 HBeAg 소실 및 anti-HBe의 양전율을 높이고 효율적인 치료의 근거를 알기 위하여 치료 전 간기능검사상 갑자기 상승한 혈청 ALT치를 나타낸 환자군과 그렇지 않은 대조군을 대상으로 하여 IFN을 투여한 군과 IFN 치료없이 정상 HBeAg의 자연 소실을 보인 환자군을 임상적으로 장기간 관찰하고 조사하였다. ALT치가 정상 상한치의 4배 이상 높이 증가되어 3개월 이상 왕복을 보인 40명의 환자(A군)와 ALT치가 정상 상한치의 3배 이하로 증가된 10명(B군)에게 ${\alpha}$-IFN 2b를 매일 300만 단위 피하주사로 3~12개월 주사하였다. 대조군으로는 ALT치가 A군처럼 장승한 45명 (C군)이었으며, IFN 치료없이 평균 2.9년을 관찰하였다. HBeAg/anti-HBe 혈청 양전율은 A군 68%, B군 20%, C군 13%이었으며 IFN 치료 중단 후 1년까지의 HBeAg 재양성율은 A군에서 29%였고 HBeAg이 소실된 A와 B군의 38명중에서 6명에서 HBV DNA가 양성이었다. 6명중 4명은 HBeAg/anti-HBe 양전을 보였으나 HBV DNA 양성이었고 나머지 2명은 HBeAg, anti-HBe 및 HBV DNA (hybridization) 모두 음성이었으나 중합효소연쇄반응검사상 HBV DNA 양성이었다. 이상의 결과를 보면 비록 IFN 치료 후에 HBeAg이 소실되었다가 다시 양성화되더라도 IFN은 단기간내에 혈중 HBeAg이나 DNA가 자연적으로 감소가 될 환자나 그렇지 않은 환자에게도 HBV의 비증식화를 유발하여 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 IFN 투여 후에도 혈중 HBeAg과 DNA 소실에 전혀 도움이 되지 않을 환자 및 HBV 증식 억제효과가 기대되는 HBV 간질환 환자의 조건, IFN 투여량, 기간 등에 대한 계획적이고 체계적인 연구로 더 나은 치료효과를 기대할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.279-293
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• 2004

The analysis of linear static and free vibration problems of isotropic and laminated composite plates and shells is performed by the improved 9-node shell element with the new strain displacement relationship. In that relationship, the effect of new additional terms between the bending strain and displacement has been investigated in the warping problem. Natural co ordinate based strains, stresses and constitutive equations are used. The assumed natural strain method is used to alleviate both membrane and shear locking behavior from the element. The Lanczos method is employed in the calculation of the eigenvalues of laminated composite structures and the Gauss integration rule is adopted to evaluate the mass matrix. The numerical examples are compared with the analytical solutions to validate the current formulation and the results presented could be useful for the understanding of the behaviour of laminates under free vibration conditions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.139-154
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• 1993

The major purpose of this study is to develop a regionalized regression model, which predicts flood peaks from the characteristics of the ungaged catchments, through the regional flood frequency analysis for the selected stage gauging stations located on several natural rivers of Korea. The magnitude and the frequency of flood peaks with specified recurrence intervals were estimated from the flood frequency analysis on the 28 selected stage gauging stations distributed on the five major rivers of Korea. The results of the analysis were compared with the predictions from the two different flood frequency models. From the statistical evaluation of these models, it was revealed that the POT model (Peaks Over a Threshold model), which is based on the partial duration method, is more effective in predicting flood peaks from short period records than the ANNMAX model (ANNual MAXimum model) which is based on the annual maximum series method. A regionalized regression model was developed to facilitate the estimation of design floods for ungaged catchments through the regression analysis between flood peaks and the topographic characteristics of the catchments assumed to be important in runoff processes. In addition to this, the correlation diagrams are presented which show the relationships between flood peaks with specified recurrence intervals and the major characteristics of the catchments.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 1995

In the Vicinity of the Sindae-dong waste disposal site in Taejon, the average Cu, pb and Zn concentrations in soils are higher than those in other Korean soils but these are not high enough to cause any harmful effect to human and animal through the crop plants. Copper, Pb and Zn are not detected in the groundwater samples and F, Cl, $NO_2$, $NO_3$ and $SO_4$ concentrations in groundwater samples are lower than drinking water standards. However, the pH of groundwater sample in site D is 5.58 which is not suitable for the drinking water. With the electric resistivity method, the water-containg layers are found in contaminated soils and the resistivity values are considerably low because of the dispersion of plume by the leak of leachates. According to the results from the magnetic survey method, the anomalous values of the total geomagnetic fields and their gradients are found in the sampling site of low resistivity and high trace element concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.192-206
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• 1994

The freshwater fish fauna of the Tokyusan National Park was censused during June 1993 to November 1993 at 9 sampling sites to establish baseline data for natural conservation program on the National Park. Seventeen species included 7 Korean endemic species and/or subspecies(Acheilognaths koreunus, Squazidus gracilis majimae, Microphysogobio yaluensis, Phoxinus kumganensis, Cobitis koreensis koreensis, Silurus microdorsalis and Odontobutis platycephala) belonging to 5 families were collected in this region. Sixteen species were found in Kumkang and 8 species were found in Naktongkang, however, common species were Squalidus gracilis majimae, Microphysogobio yaluensis, Puntungia herzi, Moroco oxycephalus, Zucco temminckii, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Odontobutis platycephala. Dominant species of this region were Moroco oxycephalus, Zacco temminckii, Odontobutis platycephala. The final aims of this study were not only accumulate baseline data on the osteology of Korean freshwater fishes which were collected at those streams during June 1993-November 1993 with soft X-ray radiography, but also evaluate the suitability of osteological analyses on the environmental damage to fish.