• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.64-80
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• 2003

Although obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) affects children, adolescents, and adults whether its juvenile(dhild and adolescent) and adult forms are different subtype of a disorder remains unknown. But there are increasing findings that suggest that juvenile OCD may be unique subtype of the disorder. One proposed subtype is the childhood OCD associated with high comorbidity of tic disorder and increased familial loading for OCD or tic disorder. The other proposed subtype is the childhood OCD and/or tic disorder occuring in association with streptococcal infection(PANDAS). These two subtypes of OCD are unlikely to respond to SSRI due to possible different pathphysiological mechanism. So this paper reviews the characteristics of OCD and therapeutic approaches for treatment resistant OCD in childhood and adolescence. Considering the likely heterogeneity of OCD, the possibility that juvenild OCD may be a variant of the disorder can have important clinical and scientific implications because it may further our understanding of this disorder, its etiology, and perhaps its treatment.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.359-383
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• 2011

One of the representative prudential regulations is the capital regulation. The current regulation and international criteria are just simply adding up the market risk and credit risk. According to the portfolio theory due to diversification effect the total risk is less than the summation of market and credit risk. This paper investigates to verify the existence of diversification effect in measuring the integrated risk of financial firm by the copula function, which is combine the different distribution maintain their propriety. The result of the test shows that in measuring the integrated risk not only the correlation and but also the proprieties of market and credit risk distribution are very important. And the tail of risk distribution is important when measuring the economic capital, especially the external impact to the financial market. This paper's contribution is that the empirical evidence in considering the relationship between market and credit risk the integrated risk is less than sum of them.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.236-242
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• 1996

Intracranial tuberculoma results from hematogenous spread of pulmonary, intestinal or urogenital tuberculosis. However, it might be caused by pulmonary tuberculosis, mainly. Clinically, symptoms of intracranial tuberculoma are headache and seizure, its symptoms are simillar to intracranial tumor. A 25-year-old-unmarried shopgirl was visited to this hospital because of headache, dizziness and visual disturbance for couple weeks in Sep. 1995. She had been treated with anti-tuberculosis agents of miliary tuberculosis during past nine months period. Brain MRI revealed intracranial tuberculoma and brain edema but not involved optic nerve. Ophthalmic examination revealed severe papilledema and splinter hemorrhage with bitemporal hemianopsis and central scotoma. This finding was strongly suggested of optic disc tuberculoma. Her symptoms became much better following repeated retrobulbar steroid injection with continuous anti-tuberculosis agents. We report a interesting case with intracranial tuberculoma and optic disc tuberculoma associated by miliary tuberculosis during anti-tuberculous treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.280-286
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• 2003

Background : $^{99m}Technetium$ methylene diphosphonates($^{99m}Tc$ MDP) bone scintigraphy is current method of choice for the detection of bone metastases, but whole body $^{18}F$-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography($^{18}FDG$ PET) offers superior spatial resolution and improved sensitivity. So we compared whole body $^{18}FDG$ PET with $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy in patients with skeletal metastases from lung cancer. Patients and Methods : Ninety-two patients with lung cancer taken $^{18}FDG$ PET together with a $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy within 1 month between March 2000 and March 2003 were investigated retrospectively. Results : The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy versus $^{18}FDG$ PET for the detection of bone metastases in lung cancers were 59% vs 82%, 71% vs 94%, and 68% vs 91%, respectively. In the diagnosis of bone metastases from lung cancer, $^{18}FDG$ PET was statistically superior to $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy in its specificity and accuracy(p<0.0001). Conclusions : Whole body $^{18}FDG$ PET may be useful in detecting bone metastases among patients with lung cancer.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.15-27
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• 2010

As most companies in the world are much interested in the overseas market as well as in the domestic market, many Korean food service enterprises came to focus on extending their branches to the overseas market. However, lack of business strategies including market research, marketing strategies, localization, etc. has made them continue to fail in market entry. The purpose of this study is to develop entry mode of determinants of Korean food service enterprises, considering their characteristic factors and environment factors in the overseas market. To do this, companies which have a head quarter in Korea and over 2 year business experience in the overseas market were chosen and used for a self-administered questionnaire survey. Statistical processing, including descriptive statistics, logistic regressing analysis, and multi regression analysis using an SPSS/PC 12.0 statistical package were conducted The result is as follows. First, explanation suitability was 85% of the entry mode in the overseas market. Second, as business size was smaller, product differentiation was higher, and CEO's will for success in the overseas market was higher, independent entry mode in the overseas market was likely to he chosen. Lastly, as the uncertainty of demand and trade barrier were lower, and a sociocultural gap was smaller, independent entry mode in the overseas market was likely to be chosen.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of present study was to retrospectively analyze the survival rate of narrow diameter implant less than 3.6 mm by initial stability and radiographic measurements. Materials and Methods: In total, 24 patients who received 38 narrow diameter implants (${\leq}3.6mm$ in diameter, ${\geq}7mm$ in length) were enrolled in this retrospective study. The cumulative survival rate was calculated and various factors were investigated according to the implant platform diameter, body diameter, length, position, concomitant use of guided bone regeneration in implant placement and final prosthesis type. Initial stability was investigated with implant stability quotient (ISQ) value. The mesial and distal marginal bone level (MBL) change was calculated with radiography. Results: The overall survival rate was 92.11%. Mean ISQ value and MBL change of survival implants was 66.26 and $0.14{\pm}0.31mm$, respectively. None of the implants with platform diameters larger than the body diameter failed. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of present study suggest that narrow diameter implant could be predictable treatment in narrow alveolar ridge.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

This study aims to investigate the impact of a mobile-based human coaching healthcare service provided for diabetic patients by nurses on their self-management ability. This study collected data from 311 persons who were diagnosed with diabetes from all over the country, and the collected data were analyzed through SPSS Win 23. The results of the study are summarized as follows: First, it was found that the utilization of a glucose meter by the provision of the mobile-based human coaching healthcare service was men group, and there was a statistically significant difference (${\chi}^2=6.059$, p= .048*). Second, there was a positive correlation in the utilization between the glucose meter and an activity tracker band by the provision of the mobile-based human coaching healthcare service, which was statistically significant (r=.660, p< .001). Third, as a result of checking the changes of the utilization of the glucose meter by the provision of the mobile-based human coaching healthcare service, it was maintained between 79% and 41% from Week 1 through 49. In conclusion, this study partially confirmed that the mobile-based human coaching health service was easily accessible and cost-effective in enhancing the participants'self-healthcare ability.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.407-415
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• 2012

Pinus pumila, which occurs in the northeast Asia, is found limitedly in Daecheongbong area of Mt. Seorak in the South Korea. This population was chosen to study spatial pattern, genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure. There were 48 polymorphic and 30 monomorphic I-SSR markers. A total of 65 individuals which distributed in the study site (40 m ${\times}$ 70 m) showed weakly aggregate distribution (Aggregate Index = 0.871). A total of 40 genets were observed from 65 individuals through I-SSR genotype comparison. Proportion of distinguishable genotype (G/N), genotype diversity (D) and genotype evenness (E) were 61.5%, 0.977 and 0.909, respectively. In spite of the small number and the limited distribution, Shannon's diversity index (I = 0.567) was relatively high as compared with those of other plant species. Spatial autocorrelation using Tanimoto's distance showed that the genetic patch was established within 12 m. Based on Mantel tests, there was relatively low correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance. Therefore, it seems the P. pumila population was formed by many parent trees in early stage. For ex situ genetic conservation of P. pumila, the sampling strategy is efficient at least above 12 m between individual trees.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.119-138
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• 2015

This study analyzed the academic achievements on above-level testing of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and English in newly entering students of science specialized high schools. It can be expected that newly students of science high specialized schools have reached ceiling level in the middle school mathematics and science academic scores. Above-level testing(or off-level testing) is a test tool used to evaluate student's ability which are above-grade level. In this study, above-level testing tools were used to develop the same type examination paper of the 2013 Korean College Scholastic Ability Test(CSAT) in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and English. The conclusions of this study were as follow: First, the academic achievement level of science specialized high school freshmen were higher the average level of general high school senior because that over 50% of them are within the 5 grade of CSAT in mathematics, physics, and chemistry. In English, 19.3% science specialized high school freshmen have reached within the 5 grade of CSAT. Second, as a result of examining characteristics of academic achievement with respect to units of subjects, in mathematics, it was showed that the academic achievement of 'continuity and limit of a function' unit was higher, 'statistics' unit was lower. In physics, the academic achievement of 'Electricity and Magnetism' unit was higher, 'Waves and particles' unit was lower. In chemistry, the academic achievement of 'compounds in life' unit was higher, 'Air' unit was lower. In English, the academic achievement of 'practical sentence' of reading area was higher, 'Sentence' of writing area was lower. In conclusion, above-level testing provided a good strategy for identifying and determining appropriate programming interventions for gifted students who are two or more grade levels above their age-mates in achievements, aptitude, or ability.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.19-29
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• 2015

Nowadays, the importance of the information management of construction sites to achieve the goal of safety construction. This management uses the collaborated analysis of in-situ monitoring data and numerical analysis, especially of an earth retaining structures of excavation sites. In this paper, the fractal theory was applied to actually monitored data from various excavation sites to develop the alternative interpolation technique which could predict the displacement behavior of unknown location around the monitoring locations and the future behavior of the monitoring locations with the steps of excavation. Data, mainly from inclinometer, were collected from various sites where retaining structures were collapsed during construction period, as well as from normal sites with the characteristics of geology, excavation method etc. In the analyses, Hurst exponent (H) was estimated with monitored periods using the Rescaled range analysis (R/S analysis) method applying the H in simulation processes. As the results of the analyses, Hurst exponents were ranged from 0.7 to 0.9 and showed the positive correlation of H > 1/2. The simulation processes, then, with the Hurst exponent estimated by Rescaled range analysis method showed reliable results. In addition, it was also expected that the variation of Hurst exponents with the monitoring period could instruct the abnormal behavior of an earth retaining structures to directors or operators. Therefore it was concluded that fractal theory could be applied for predicting the lateral displacement of unknown location and the future behavior of an earth retaining structures to manage the safety of construction sites during excavation period.