• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.187-187
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• 2011

최근 디스플레이 산업과 태양전지 등의 이차 전지 산업이 발달함에 따라 원가절감과 공정단계의 단순화를 위하여 다이렉트 패터닝 인쇄에 대한 연구가 관심을 받고 있으며, 나노전자부품 제작이 요구되는 전기/전자 소자들은 수백 nm에서부터 수십 ${\mu}$m 수준까지 다양한 해상도의 패턴으로 구성되므로 미세패턴이 가능한 정전수력학 잉크젯프린팅 방식은 기존의 인쇄 방식과 달리, 정전기력을 이용하여 인쇄를 하는 방식으로, 수KV의 고전압을 인가하여 잉크를 대전시키고, 대전된 잉크는 대부의 전기적 반발력에 의해 액적이나 액실로 분열하게 된다. 전하를 띤 액적 또는 액실은 정전기력을 받아 기판 쪽으로 이동을 하게 되는데, 이때 액적의 전하량에 의해 액적의 이동속도와 이동경로가 영향을 받게 된다. 본 연구에서는 잉크의 전기전도도에 따른 액적의 전하량을 계산하여 전기전도도와 액적의 전하량과의 관계를 ANASYS 시뮬레이션과 운동경로 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 전기전도도가 0.307s/m~5.6s/m인 잉크에 따른 액적의 전하량을 계산하였으며, 전기전도도가 변화에 따라. 전하량이 $0.5{\times}10^{-13}C{\sim}2.5{\times}10^{-13}C$ 으로 변화하는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.43-49
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• 2010

Direct printing technology is an attractive metallization method, which has become immerging as "Green technology" to the conventional photolithography, on account of low cost, simple process and environment-friendliness. In order to commercialize the printed electronics in industry, it is essential to evaluate the electrical properties of conductive circuits using direct printing technology. In this contribution, we focused on the electrical characteristics of inkjet-printed circuits. A Cu nanoink was inkjet-printed onto a Bisaleimide triazine(BT) substrate with parallel transmission line(PTL) and coplanar waveguide(CPW) type, then was sintered at $250^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. We calculated the resistivity of printed circuits through direct current resistance by the measurement of I-V curve: the resistivity was approximately 0.558 ${\mu}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ which is about 3.3 times that of bulk Cu. Cascade's probe system in the frequency range from 0 to 30 GHz were employed to measure the Scattering parameter(S-parameter) with or without a gap between the substrate and the probe station chuck. The result of measured S-parameter showed that all printed circuits had over 5 dB of return loss in the entire frequency range. In the curve of insertion loss, $S_{21}$, showed that the PTL type circuits had better transmission of radio frequency (RF) than CPW type.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2015

The consistency and homogeneity of repetitive printing of artificial fingerprint were evaluated using a visual minutiae comparison method and an Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS). The standard latent fingerprint pattern was prepared by the printing of a master digital fingerprint pattern with an inkjet printer cartridge case filled with artificial sweat. The master digital fingerprint pattern was prepared with a scanning of an inked fingerprint pattern of a living subject. The intensities of the master digital fingerprint pattern were adjusted by changing the 'output level' values of the Adobe Photoshop CS 5 software. Number of standard latent fingerprint patterns were printed and then developed with conventional latent fingerprint developing methods; ninhydrin treatment method and 1,2-indandion(1,2-IND)/$ZnCl_2$ treatment method. The ridge details of the latent fingerprint patterns developed with the reagents were visually compared with the inked fingerprint pattern and could confirm that the minutiae of both patterns are visually identical. The ridge detail of the inked fingerprint and reagent developed standard latent fingerprint patterns were compared with an AFIS. The average number of minutiae searched by the AFIS was $52.4{\pm}2.4$ (range = 48~56) for 50 ninhydrin developed latent fingerprint patterns, and $50.2{\pm}1.9$ (range = 47~53) for 50 1,2-IND/$ZnCl_2$ developed latent fingerprint patterns. These low standard deviation values over 50 repetitive printing demonstrated that the 50 standard latent patterns were printed with consistent and homogeneous manner.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.6
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• pp.137-146
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• 1998

Recently many devices print electronic images in a variety of ways. The reproduced color, however, is different from the original color because of the difference of hardware characteristics. To maintain device independent color, gamut mapping method is proposed. The proposed color gamut mapping uses nonlinear intensity mapping and clipping for saturation mapping on HSI color space. In the dithering operation, expanded nonlinear ordered dithering and modified error diffusion are proposed. The proposed ordered dithering uses expanded nonlinear quantization which considers overlapping phenomena of neighbored printing dots. In the modified error diffusion, quantization errors to be diffused are adjusted to improve both image blur and color change produced in the error diffusion. So, the printed image is similar to the image of monitor. Our results indicate that proposed algorithm can produce high quality image in the low bit color devices.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.657-661
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• 2003

The elastic moduli or fracture strengths of multi-layered film (SiO$_2$/po1y-Si/SiN/SiO$_2$, 2.77 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick), CVD diamond film (1.6 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick), SiO$_2$ film (1.0 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick) and SiN film (0.43 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick) made for the membrane of ink-jet printer head were measured with cantilever beam bending method using nanoindenter after fabricating in the form of micro cantilever beam (${\mu}$-CLB). And the elastic moduli of ${\mu}$-CLB of SiO$_2$ film and SiN film were compared with the value of each film on silicon substrate determined with nanoindentation method. The results showed that the modulus and strength of multi-layered film decrease from 68.08 ㎬ and 2.495 ㎬ to 56.53 ㎬ and 1.834 ㎬, respectively as the width of CLB increases from 18.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ to 58.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$. And the elastic moduli of SiO$_2$ and SiN films measured with ${\mu}$-CLB bending method are 68.16 ㎬ and 215.45 ㎬, respectively and the elastic moduli of these films on silicon substrate measured with nanoindentation method are 98.78 ㎬ and 219.38 ㎬, respectively. These results show that with ${\mu}$-CLB bending technique, moduli can be measured to within 2%.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2020

Multi-Channel Switch ICs for IoT have integrated several solid state structure low ON-resistance bi-directional relay MOS switches with level shifter to drive high voltage and they should be independently controlled by external serialized logic control. These devices are designed for using in applications requiring high-voltage switching control by low-voltage control signals, such as medical ultra-sound imaging, ink-jet printer control, bare board open/short and leakage test system using Kelvin 4-terminal measurement method. This paper describes implementation of analog switch control block and its verification using Field programmable Gate Array (FPGA) test pattern generation. Each block has been implemented using Verilog hardware description language then simulated by Modelsim and prototyped in a FPGA board. Compare to conventional IC, The proposed architecture can be applied to fields where multiple entities need to be controlled simultaneously in the IoT environment and the proposed pattern generation method can be applied to test similar types of ICs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.391-392
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• 2008

최근 나노 금속의 대량 생산에 대한 기술이 확보됨에 따라, 메탈젯을 이용한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 메탈젯의 연구 범위는 RFID, PCB, MLCC 전극, 태양전지전극, PDP 전극, EMC용재료 등 그 응용 범위를 넓혀 가고 있다. 이러한 응용 기술 대표적인 배선형성 기술인 PCB 제조에 대한 연구는 40um 이하의 고해상도 기판 개발을 요구하고 있다. 선폭은 40um 이하를 유지하면서, 두께는 10um 이상으로 CCL을 대체 하기 위한 기판 형성 기술은 응용기술은 가장 어려운 난이도의 기술이다. 메탈젯 기술은 매우 복합적인 연구분야로 나노 재료의 개발, 인쇄공정의 개발, 기재 표면처리 기술, 헤드 기술의 개발을 동시에 만족할 때 가능하다. 배선 형성을 위하여 나노 잉크를 이용하여 직접 인쇄를 진행하고, 소결하여 전도성을 얻게 된다. 본 연구에서는 미세노즐에 토출 가능한 잉크젯용 잉크 조성을 결정하고, 기판과의 신뢰성을 확보하기 위하여 접착력의 평가, 전도도의 평가, 건조 시간 조절을 통한 Crack 문제 해결, 미세 선폭의 균일성 조절에 관한 실험을 진행하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1563-1568
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• 2012

Printed electronics is a technology used for forming electronic circuits or devices, and it is used in the manufacture of many products such as RFID tags, solar cells, and flexible display panels with a much lower cost than in the case of semiconductor process technology. Web-guide-type printing such as roll-to-roll printing is a method used to produce printed electronic devices in a large volume. To commercialize such products, highly precise alignment between printed layers is required. In this study, a highly precise alignment system is proposed, and some experimental results are compared with those obtained using a laser surface vibrometer to illustrate the reliability of the proposed system. The robustness of the proposed system to web deformation is also considered experimentally.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.44 no.4 s.316
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• pp.17-25
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• 2007

Multilevel inkjet printer employs multiple ink droplets with variable dot size and/or different concentrations intended to preserve high fidelity color reproduction and the appearance of continuous tone. A variety of research efforts on multitoning techniques has progressed toward better image quality. However, banding artifacts appear due to the same dot distributions near the printable output levels. This results in discontinuity and visually unpleasing output, especially at the smooth tone transition region. In this paper, to reduce the banding artifacts, a multitoning method to arrange ink distribution by controlling the blending proportion of adjacent output pixels based on an improved threshold scaling function is proposed. Ink distributions across the banding regions are changed according to two factors of the threshold scaling function because these factors handle the blending point of adjacent output pixel. Therefore, 8 observers, subjectively investigated ink distributions around the printable output levels for a set of the improved threshold scaling function. For a threshold scaling function with the specific factor values, we can achieve smoother visual transition. In the experiment, the proposed method showed a reduction of banding artifacts in both u-ay and color image and represented better Performance of color reproduction.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2014

A 7-year-old spayed female Welsh corgi presented with a mass of the skull. The mass was diagnosed as multilobular bone tumor and surgically removed. To treat a large bone defect after the tumor removal, custom-made artificial bone fabricated by a 3-dimensional ink-jet printer was implanted in the defect. Follow-up computed tomography evaluation was performed for 4.3 years. The implant was well integrated with the skull and had covered the large bone defect during the follow-up period. Gradual degradation of the implant began 6 weeks after surgery. It provides an additional option for the treatment of large bone defect.