• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.56-71
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial distributional characteristics of industries among the Korean cities and to conduct industry classification using the findings. For this purpose, 82 cities in Korea are investigated with respect to 15 industrial sectors. In the analysis, concentration of and association between industries are recognized using both geographic and non-geographic measures. In order to measure concentration and association, locational Gini coefficient, Moran's I, correlation coefficient, and bivatiate Moran are used and 15 industrial sectors are classified based on these estimates. The findings reveal that the chemical sector shows strong geographic and non-geographic concentrations while the assembly, machinery and electronics sector only shows a strong geographic concentration. Printing and publishing, wholesale, and business services show a strong non-geographic association with other sectors. The remaining ten sectors show no explicit distribution patterns among cities. This study contributes to providing the methodology that analyzes the spatial distribution patterns of industries in a comprehensive way and is able to provide useful information in implementing industrial location policies including industrial clusters.

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.95-98
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• 2002

본 연구는 안동지역에 있어서 이른바 명당이라고 하는 음택 풍수 경관을 조사하여 그 형태와 특징을 살펴보고자 하였다. 안동문화원에서 펴낸 $\boxDr$안동의 분묘$\lrcorner$ 에 나오는 분묘를 대부분 조사하고 이를 형기론적 입장에서 형국으로 분류하였다. 태백산에서 소백산을 잇는 낙동정맥 살의 문수산(1206m)에서 하나의 지맥이 남쪽으로 흘러 태자산, 박달산, 오적산, 학가산(870m), 보문산(643m), 검무산(331m)을 이루어내어 안동의 서쪽 산줄기를 형성하며, 태백산에서 백병산, 일월산, 주방산(주왕산), 보현산, 황학산, 오산으로 이어지는 산줄기가 우측을 이루어내어, 이들 우백호와 좌청룡이 안동군 풍천면의 구담리에서 마주하게 된다. 그 사이로 안동군, 예안현 등이 입지하였다. 이러한 안동의 산세에 따라 낮은 구릉, 완만한 사면 및 높은 배후 산지가 전개되며 낙동강 본류와 지류가 흘러 다양한 형국이 나타나게 된다. 안동의 경우는 날짐승(봉, 학, 꿩), 꽃(모란, 연꽃, 칡넝쿨), 길짐승(닭), 들짐승(거북, 뱀), 물건(등잔, 가마솥, 밥상), 용, 달 등이 33개가 나타난다. 이들의 분포를 살펴보면 크게 낙동강 본류 이북 쪽에 집중한다. 이들 명당은 고도 상으로 해발고도 200미터 부근에 대부분 입지한다. 무릇 명당이란 안산과 조산을 넘어 득수가 잘 이루어져야 하므로 낙동강 본류를 중심으로 하고 그 지류를 향하여 분포하는 것은 당연하다 이들 명당의 형태와 공통된 특징을 살펴본 결과 명당은 반개방성, 중첩성, 안정성, 조화성, 균형성의 5가지 특징이 나타나는 곳이다. 이러한 명당의 특징은 태조산, 중조산, 소조산를 거쳐 주산 아래 산이 겹겹이 에워싸게 되고, 계곡물의 여러 줄기가 합수하고 물이 역류하지 않으며 잘 감아도는 곳으로 표현할 수 있다 이러한 명당의 기본적인 원리는 장풍(藏風)과 득수득파(得水得破)이다. 장풍과 득수란 '국'(局), 즉 산줄기와 수계로 이루어진 일정한 범위 속에 만물이 생태계 속에서 살아가는 모습인 '체형(體形)'의 의미가 나타나야 한다는 것이다. 그러나 이러한 의미는 시대에 따라 달라질 수 있는 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.125-132
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• 2022

It can be seen that Traditional house of Jeong Si-yeong is located in a place where Saenggi(good energy), which is important in Pungsu(Feng Shui), can be gathered and that energy can be properly maintained. According to the theory of feng shui, a place that is not easily exposed by the surrounding mountains and is well protected by the strong wind was selected, and the main room was placed on the south side so that the sunlight was adequate while facing the north, so that you can live a comfortable life for a long time. Located on such a relatively well-hidden site, it is a location that can cope well with the invasion of Japanese invaders through the sea in the past, and even today, it is seen as a reasonable base that can be properly protected from strong sea winds in reality. On the other hand, if we look at the Hyungguk theory, it was a house built in the late Joseon Dynasty, and we could see the hidden hopes of the nobles at the time. The mountain behind the house is a haebok-type with a crab lying on the seashore, and what the crab symbolizes is the past national exam for official. Considering that the name of the place where the house is located is also Oyat(cucumber tree)-ri, where many cucumber trees closely related to the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty were planted, it seems that the family wished for prosperity by producing many Sadaebu(upper class gentry) in the past and forming a good relationship with the royal family.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2023

This study is about the traditional house of Kim Myeong-Gwan, the founder of Gwangsan Kim clan(光山金氏) and the 30th grandson of Heunggwang, the 49th king of the Unified Silla Dynasty. He sought a place to take refuge due to a plot and built a house in Jeongeup, adjacent to Yeonsan or Nonsan, Chungcheong-do, which is the home of the Gwangsan Kim clan. The location of old houses was analyzed through Hyeongselon(形勢論) and hyeongguklong(形局論) of Pungsu theory. The results of fengshui analysis of the house through fengshui literature that was presumed to have been used at the time are as follows.The dragon(龍) shows an auspicious condition in which the dragon vein is well connected from its roots in the Honam vein to Guksabong Mountain on Josan Mountain, Bibongsan Mountain on Sojo Mountain, and Mt. Changhasan reaching Jusan Mountain. Hyeol(穴) is a type of Wahyeol(窩穴) and is a Hwalwa(濶窩). Hyeolseong(穴星) is a Jeongche-Hyeolseong(正體穴星) and is a Suseong Hyeol(水星穴). HyeolJung(穴證) and Hyeolgi(穴忌) have the conditions to create hyeol. As for Sa(砂), the height of Hyeonmu(玄武) is not that high, but the Jujak(朱雀) is relatively high, the left blue dragon(左靑龍) is complemented by the outer blue dragon(外靑龍), and the right white tiger(右白虎) does not sufficiently surround the house. To compensate for this, Bibosu trees(裨補樹) were planted at the time of the construction of the house. As for the Water element, it appears to be auspicious as it approaches the old house in the form of a curve, but it has the disadvantage of not sufficiently surrounding the house, so an artificial pond is dug as a Bibo Pungsu(裨補風水). Through this study, it was found that Pungsu was applied as an important consideration factore in selecting the location of the house, and that Pungsu was not just a theory but had a practical effect in preserving the life and property of the family under the risky circumstances of the time.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.313-327
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• 2013

In the study, three-dimensional geostatistical simulations on McMurray Formation which is the largest oil sand reservoir in Athabasca area, Canada were performed, and the optimal site for steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) was selected based on the predictions. In the selection, the factors related to the vertical extendibility of steam chamber were considered as the criteria for an optimal site. For the predictions, 110 borehole data acquired from the study area were analyzed in the Markovian transition probability (TP) framework and three-dimensional distributions of the composing media were predicted stochastically through an existing TP based geostatistical model. The potential of a specific medium at a position within the prediction domain was estimated from the ensemble probability based on the multiple realizations. From the ensemble map, the cumulative thickness of the permeable media (i.e. Breccia and Sand) was analyzed and the locations with the highest potential for SAGD applications were delineated. As a supportive criterion for an optimal SAGD site, mean vertical extension of a unit permeable media was also delineated through transition rate based computations. The mean vertical extension of a permeable media show rough agreement with the cumulative thickness in their general distribution. However, the distributions show distinctive disagreement at a few locations where the cumulative thickness was higher due to highly alternating juxtaposition of the permeable and the less permeable media. This observation implies that the cumulative thickness alone may not be a sufficient criterion for an optimal SAGD site and the mean vertical extension of the permeable media needs to be jointly considered for the sound selections.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.1029-1038
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• 2009

Recently, it is expected that small hydropower (SHP) could potentially provide sufficient amounts of alternative energy in Korea where there is an abundance of potential sites and where social efforts are being made to reduce the emissions of green house gases. In the past, the resources survey for SHP development has been carried out using onsite surveys and paper maps, which incurred a great deal of time and cost. Furthermore, the tools for decision making such as determining development priorities or evaluating feasibility have been considered only economic aspect and focused on the performance characteristics of power generation. However, as the concept of sustainable development has been being advanced in recent years, especially focused on human-social, environmental and ecological in addition to economical sector; the consideration of these multiple criteria has become essential for sustainable SHP development. This study aims to propose the spatial multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methodology for determining priorities among a number of locations on the planning stage of SHP development using AHP and GIS. The proposed methodology is applied for determining development priorities among the SHP locations in Cho River basin and this study presents the detailed spatial information data and the results of development priorities. As a fundamental work, this study will be beneficial to the future activation of SHP development and will help the decision making in evaluating the feasibility of SHP development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.74-85
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• 2013

We analyze the efficiency of congestion pricings and transit subsidies in the spatial micro-economic model based on a general equilibrium environment. In this setting, we decompose the total welfare change into component factors and identify the reason of the change in the efficiency caused by policy instruments; these component factors are divided into indirect factors and direct factors including of origin-destination and mode choices. We set up the model as adding mode choice to the standard format in the fashion of Anas and Kim (1996) and extend the methodology proposed by Yu and Rhee (2011) and Rhee (2012) for deriving theoretical and analytical solution. Most of welfare gain comes from the modal shift from car to bus. The relative efficiency of subsidies in relation to the first-best pricing is lower than it of congestion pricings although the change in bus share by subsidies is similar to it by congestion pricing. Subsidies give rise to more modal shift from a car to a bus for long-distance commuting than it caused by congestion pricings. As the increase of bus share for long-distance commuting leads to the increase of cross-commuters passing through CBD, the welfare gain by subsidies is lower than it by congestion pricings.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.42-62
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• 2012

This paper suggests a genuine method to estimate the agglomeration effects of Industrial Cluster focusing on the FOODPOLIS (KOREA NATIONAL FOOD CLUSTER). In this study, we will focus on two issues related to the clustering effect. First, Clusters affect productivity, and a cluster allows companies to operate more productively in inputs; accessing technology, human resource, information, services, and needed institutions. Second, we assume that the effects of Industrial Cluster can be estimated from measurement on differency of an added value between large-scale enterprises and smaller ones. To demonstrate effectiveness of this approach, the estimated effect was compared with that from the related study (A Mini-Cluster). Industry Clusters have been considered as critical factors for regional competitiveness and economic revitalization. For this, the government and local government should find a way and strategy to provide useful contents that can attract the participation of firms and to secure strategic positioning and competition strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2019

Pungsu theory is important one in the site selection and lay-out of traditional Korean village and house. In this aspect, Study with a view of Pungsu theory might be used as a proper method for understanding the traditional architecture in Korea. In this context, this study analyzes the Jeong, Dong-Ho's house which is designated no. 19 as an important folk cultural heritage, located in Jigok Ochu-gil 133-62, Godeok-myon, Yesan-gun, Chungnam province. The analysis of the site and space lay-out is carried out by Yong(Dragon), Hyoel(Auspicious Spot), Sa(Sands), Su(Water) aspects of the Pungsu(Fengshui) Hyungsei-ron. The house is depending upon soft dragon vein connecting with a earth type rear mountain. It looks southeast direction, Gonjwasonhyang(乾坐巽向). The hyeolseong(穴星) has classical venus shape, and there is no faults relatively. The Sasinsa condition is almost perfect that right blue dragon and left white tiger surround the hyeol with 3-4 layers and the facing mountain covers the front open area. The water flowing from inside of left and right mountain is joined in front of the house so it could stop flowing out of vital energy. Bibo forest(裨補樹) is placed properly to protect the easy disclose of water outlet. The house is well organized western house(西四宅) by analysis of Dongseosataek-ron(東西四宅論). Through the analysis, I found that the house has good Pungsu(Fengshui) environment fitted with Pungsu Hyungsei-ron. The house composed of small thatched roof is enclosed several times by low hills of back, left and right side. So it is believed that the site might be carefully evaluated by Yong, Hyoel, Sa, Su of Hyeongsei-ron for knowing whether the site condition could minimize the demage by strong winds and protect from the winter cold wind and secure water for drinking and farming and then selected. The method of Pungsu for evaluating the geographical condition of surrounding of a site is used as a traditional site analysis method for evaluating the suitability of long-term well and safe residence.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.103-112
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• 2008

Implementing hub networks in logistics is generally attractive and effective because of cost savings derived from economies of scale on network transportation, and objective of the hub network design problem is to decide optimal hub locations, and the transportation route of each origin-destination pair. This problem is generally a NP-complete problem not to solve easily, and it is almost impossible to find optimal solutions considering the big-sized network within a reasonable time. This research tried to find optimal logistics strategy in the given big-sized real network and the freight origin-destination data. The objective function, which was proposed by Honor and O'kelly (2001), that rewards economies of scale on network links with increase of transportation volumes, is applied. This thesis proposed the optimal hub network of korea within a reasonable time based on engineering approaches. And it is expected that this thesis can contribute to plan freight policies which can improve to have competitive power in the level of a company or nation by reducing logistic costs.