• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.63 no.6
• /
• pp.511-514
• /
• 2007

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumonia causes upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms in all age groups, with the highest attack rates in subjects 5 to 20 years old. In patients with mycoplasma pneumonia, the most common radiographic findings may be reticulonodular or interstitial infiltration, which have a predilection for the lower lobes. Findings that show lung collapse on a chest X-ray are very rare. We report a case of mycoplasma pneumonia that showed right upper lobe collapse.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.287-292
• /
• 2001

Burkitt's lymphoma is a malignant tumor that commonly occurs in the jaws of children of Central Africa. It originates from the lymphatic tissue, and it shows rapid growth. Clinically, it is commonly found in children between age of 3 and 8. When it is found in the jaw, facial swelling, mobility of deciduous teeth, and early eruption of posterior teeth can also be found. Upon radiographic examination, radiolucent lesions with irregular border can be observed. Histologically, macrophage can be seen among tumor cells, and this special pattern is called "starry-sky" appearance. In this case, 3 year-old male patient came to our hospital with left facial swelling and severe mobility of deciduous molars. He was diagnosed as Burkitt's lymphoma based on clinical, radiographic, and histologic examination. He is being treated with chemotherapy and progress seems promising.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.143-146
• /
• 2015

Since 2012, outbreaks of the Middle East respiratory coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported, including the Republic of Korea. To date, most of the people infected with the virus are adults. Herein we describe the clinical characteristics of cases of MERS-CoV infection among children. As of October 29, 2015, MERS-CoV has caused 34 pediatric infections, which accounts for 2.1% of all cases. The median age was 13 years (range 9 months to 17 years) and where gender has been reported (n=33), 57.6% cases were male. About half of the patients were asymptomatic and the majority of the symptomatic patients had respiratory symptoms. In general, the clinical outcome in children was favorable. Among the four patients who died of progressive pneumonia, three had documented comorbidities. MERS-CoV infection in children has a lower incidence and mortality compared to adults.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.602-608
• /
• 2021

For the comparison of bond strength between the Co-Cr alloy and ceramic, which are clinically used, test samples made with a traditional casting method as a control group), and Milling and SLM(3d printing group) samples were made as an experimental group. The metal-ceramic bond strength was measured with a universal testing machine. For the measurement, a three-point bending test was conducted. After the bond strength was measured, metal-ceramic interface was observed. According to the test result, casting group had 53.59 MPa, milling group had 45.90 MPa, and 3d printing group had 58.34 MPa. There was no statistical significance. With regard to failure pattern, most of the samples in two groups, showed mixed failure. This study showed a clinically applicable value when measuring the bond strength of alloy-ceramic material with an alloy produced by 3D printing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.83 no.3
• /
• pp.597-607
• /
• 2022

The mediastinum is the most prevalent site of extragonadal teratomas. Patients with mediastinal mature teratomas are usually young adults, and the condition does not show significant sexual differences. Mediastinal teratomas are mostly located in the anterior mediastinum. Patients are usually asymptomatic, although they can have several complications when the teratomas become large or rupture. Most mediastinal teratomas can be diagnosed using CT. Diagnosing ruptured or malignant teratomas is challenging because of their atypical clinical and radiological presentations. In this article, we describe various manifestations of mediastinal teratomas, with an emphasis on radiologic features.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2023

The hepatic glycogen storage disease type 0 (GSD type 0) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of hepatic glycogen synthase encoded by the glycogen synthase 2 (GYS2) gene, leading to abnormal synthesis glycogen. The clinical findings of GSD type 0 are hyperketotic hypoglycemia at fasting state and accompanying postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlactatemia. GSD type 0 has only been reported in a very small number so far, and the diagnosis is likely to be missed because symptoms are mild, severe hypoglycemia is rare or asymptomatic, or symptoms gradually disappear with age. Essential management strategies include feeding high-protein meals to stimulate gluconeogenesis, frequent meals to prevent hypoglycemia during the day and feeding complex carbohydrates such as uncooked cornstarch to slowly release glucose during nignt. GSD type 0 has a good prognosis, with appropriate treatment, normal growth can be achieved and no complications occur. Significant hypoglycemia occurs less common in adulthood, but ongoing dietary management may be necessary.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The manner of rectal bleeding of auto-amputated polyps (AP) is similar to juvenile polyps (JP) or Meckel's diverticula (MD). We conducted this study to characterize the clinical spectrum of AP. Methods: Fourteen patients were enrolled this study who were diagnosed AP due to painless rectal bleeding. The clinical data of AP was assessed and then compared with the clinical data of JP and MD retrospectively. Results: The prevalence of AP was 10.4% (14/135) and high in younger patients compared with that of JP (p=0.042 below 2 years). Whereas JP was more common in patients aged 2 to 5 years (p=0.005). Male was predominant in AP (p=0.008 AP vs JP). The manner of rectal bleeding in AP group was sudden and transient. There was no significant difference in time interval between onset of rectal bleeding and diagnosis between the 3 groups. However AP was diagnosed in 9 patients (64.3%) within 7 days after onset of rectal bleeding, but JP was diagnosed in 5 patients (4.1%) in the same period (p<0.001). All of AP were located in the rectum and the sigmoid colon. The mean hemoglobin was 11.3${\pm}$1.5 g/dL in AP, 11.8${\pm}$1.3 g/dL in JP, and 8.4${\pm}$1.2 g/dL in MD (p<0.001, only significant in MD). Conclusion: AP may be considered in male older than 1 year with transient and sudden onset or increase of painless rectal bleeding without drop of hemoglobin level.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 2006

Purpose : Because migraine in children has different characteristics from that in adults, it is inappropriate to apply migraine criteria for adults to children. Recently, the International Headache Society(IHS) revised criteria regarding children's characteristics. Therefore, we reviewed the characteristics of childhood migraines without auras based on the revised criteria and compared the data with the findings of childhood migraine by the previous criteria. Methods : Among 102 children who visited the outpatient clinic of Kangbuk Samsung Hospital for the chief complaint of headache, we analyzed the clinical findings of 34 patients, who were diagnosed as migraine without aura, and probable migraine based on the revised criteria. Results : Migraines without aura were diagnosed in 27 patients(26.5 percent) and probable migraines were observed in seven patients(6.8 percent). The usual duration of headache attacks over 2 hours was observed in 12 patients(44.4 percent). On the contrary, 15 patients(55.6 percent) usually experienced headaches for one to two hours. According to the location of headaches, there were temporal areas in 14 cases, frontal areas in nine cases, occipital areas in two cases and diffuse areas in two cases. The striking point in probable migraines is that the length of headache was below one hour in five patients. Nine patients were diagnosed as migraine without aura, when the first edition criteria was applied to same patients. Conclusion : We found that the prevalence of migraine without aura increased by the revision of IHS criteria. We hope that migraines in children will be diagnosed correctly by the new IHS criteria.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.51 no.9
• /
• pp.964-970
• /
• 2008

Purpose : Methylmalonic aciduria (MMA) and propionic aciduria (PA) are inborn errors in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids. The study was undertaken to investigate the genotypes and clinical features of Korean patients with MMA and PA. Methods : This study examined 12 patients with MMA and eight with PA. We analyzed various clinical features, laboratory findings, treatments, and neuro-developmental outcomes. Diagnoses were based on the presence of characteristic compounds detected by amino acid analysis in serum and organic acid analysis in urine. Mutation analysis was performed in the genes of MUT, MMAA, MMAB, and MMACHC for MMA and PCCA and PCCB for PA. Results : Among the 20 patients, six patients were diagnosed before one month of age and nine patients were diagnosed after the newborn period. Five patients were diagnosed via a neonatal screening test. Patients with early-onset forms had more severe illness at presentation and generally poor outcomes. A favorable outcome was obtained in 55% patients; most of them were of a late-onset type or diagnosed by neonatal mass screening test without symptoms. Genotypes were confirmed in all patients with MMA. We detected 11 different mutations by MUT gene analysis in 10 patients, and three different mutations in MMACHC genes in two patients. PCCA and PCCB gene mutations were identified in 14 of the 16 alleles, in eight patients with PA. Conclusion : Organic aciduria is a fatal disease; however, better outcomes are expected whenever early diagnosis and prompt management are made possible. Mutation analysis is useful for confirming diagnoses and planning management strategies.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.46 no.10
• /
• pp.1003-1007
• /
• 2003

Purpose : To review the seizure-related complaints and analyze the relationship between admission rates and clinical features in children who had visited the emergency department with seizures. Methods : Retrospectively, we reviewed 180 patients(male 100, female 80) suffering from seizures, who had visited to the emergency department of Chosun University Hospital from January 2000 to June 2002. We have analyzed the correlation between admission rate and clinical features such as age, seizure type, seizure duration and individual laboratory findings(CT or MRI, and CSF). Results : Out of 4,865 total children who visited the emergency department, 180 patients(3.7%) were seizure related. The most common seizure type was simple febrile seizure(52.2%). The admission rate of children with seizures was 48.9%. The admission rate according to age, sex and abnormal laboratory findings revealed no significant correlations(P>0.05). There was a significant correlation between admission and both status epilepticus 82.4%(14/17) and complex febrile seizure 63.6%(14/22) (P<0.05). According to the duration of convulsions, admission rates were 41.2% when within five minutes, 60% when six-15 minutes, 58.8% when 16-30 minutes, 85.7% when 30 minutes, to one hour and 66.7% when above one hour of duration. According to the seizure frequency, admission rates of recurrent seizure patients(61.4%=43/70) was higher compared to the first time seizure patients(40.9%=45/110). Conclusion : We found that the admission rate of children visiting the emergency department for seizure treatment was 48.9% and significantly correlated with duration, type and frequency of seizure.