• The Academic Congress of Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.104-109
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• 2007

외상성 전방탈구의 경우 일차성 탈구이거나 일상생활에 큰 불편을 호소하지 않는 불안정성이 있을 경우 및 비외상성 다방향 불안정성의 경우 보존적 치료가 바람직하며, 10대 및 20대의 재탈구로 인한 불안정성이 유발될 경우 관절경적 혹은 개방성 Bankart 술식을 통하여 관절순의 해부학적 정복 및 술 후 잘 조절된 재활치료를 시행할 경우, 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 치료 방법의 선택 시 가장 중요한 요소는 환자의 원하는 결과를 만족 시켜줄 수 있는 치료 방법을 선택하는 것이며, 이는 불안정성의 원인, 정도, 탈구의 횟수, 환자의 활동도 및 재활 의지등을 종합적으로 감안하여 결정되어야 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.192-202
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• 1995

이연구에서는 유변학 구성방정식이 나타내는 일차원 불안정성의 몇가지 예를 보였 다. 안정성 해석을 위하여 맥스웰형 미분구성방정식 Giesekus, Leonov, Larson 모델을 선택 하였다. 나타난 불안정성은 단순전단유동에서의 정상유동곡석이 무제한적 단수증가성을 위 배할 때 발생한다. 단순전단유동에 부과된 섭동하에서 Giesekus와 Larson 모델이 일정영역 의 무델계수와 전단율속도값에서 불안정 거동은 관성력을 고려하지 않은 경우에도 발생함이 증명되었다. 끝으로 이러한 불안정 거동을 개선하는 몇가지 방법을 Leonv와 Giesekus 모델 에 대하여 제시하였다.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.214-221
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• 1995

There appears to be an increased incidence of anxiety symptoms in association with certain medical illness. It is usually assumed that certain medical disorders are directly associated with anxiety symptoms in that the pathophysilolgy of the medical illness somehow causes the anxiety symptoms. However, the pathophysilolgies of many such medical illnesses as well as anxiety are not known and no discrete group of medical illnesses is clearly more likely to produce anxiety symptoms than any other Moreover, anxiety symptoms may be the representation of other psychiatric symptoms, like depression and delirium. Though it is important to differentiate primary and other causes(secondary) of anxiety clinically, the clear differentiation is somewhat arbitrary, as the confusion of mind-body dichotomy. for the purpose of accurate treatment of anxiety symptoms relating medical illness, this review article focuses on those clinical features and mechanisms of anxiety that are potentially useful in differential diagnosis.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for Patients with Primary or Secondary Insomnia. Methods: Participants were recruited from a primary care sleep clinic from January 2008 to June 2009. The study sample included 64 outpatients with primary insomnia (n=30) and secondary insomnia (n=34) according to the criteria of DSM-IV. Participants completed sleep diaries, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-16 (DBAS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before CBT and shortly after completion of CBT. CBT was provided in 7 weekly, 40-50-minute individual therapy sessions. Results: Both groups of patients with primary and secondary insomnia showed significant improvement in the DBAS and sleep parameters including sleep onset latency, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency. Repeated-measures ANOVA of the DBAS and sleep parameters showed no significant group-by-time interactions between patients with primary and secondary insomnia, suggesting the efficacy of CBT for patients with secondary insomnia was equivalent to that of CBT for patients with primary insomnia. Conclusion: This study suggests that CBT is effective for the management of primary and secondary insomnia in a primary care setting.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 2007

투구운동은 견관절에 반복적인 압박력 및 신장력을 가하게 되며 이는 견관절의 정적 안정력의 약화를 유발하게 된다. 초기의 경도의 불안정성은 근육 등 동적 안정력의 작용으로 안정적인 운동상태를 유지할 수 있으나 반복적인 운동이 지속될 경우 근육이 피로해 져서 동적 안정력의 보상작용을 통한 안정성을 얻을 수 없게 된다. 이는 일차적으로 견관절의 불안정성을 유발할 뿐만 아니라, 이차적으로 견봉하 충돌증후 및 내적 충돌증후 등의 증상을 나타내기도 한다. 과 투구로 인한 대부분의 운동손상은 보존적 치료로 좋은 결과를 볼 수 있으며, 이는 일차적으로 투구를 중지하여 관절을 안정시키며 진통 소염제나 물리치료 등을 통한 항 염증치료, 그리고 회전근개 및 견갑골 주위근육의 강화운동 등의 단계로 진행된다. 적절한 보존적 치료에도 불구하고 증상이 지속될 경우 정확한 진단에 근거한 수술적 치료 및 조절된 재활운동 프로그램을 통해 조기 운동 복귀를 기대할 수 있다.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.52-57
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• 2007

투구운동은 견관절에 반복적인 압박력 및 신장력을 가하게 되며， 이는 견관절의 정적 안정력의 약화를 유발하게 된다. 초기의 경도의 불안정성은 근육 동 동적 안정력의 작용으로 안정적인 운동상태를 유지할 수 있으나， 반복적인 운동이 지속될 경우 근육이 피로해 져서 동적 안정력의 보상작용을 통한 안정성을 얻을 수 없게 된다. 이는 일차적으로 견관절의 불안정성을 유발할 뿐만 아니라， 이차적으로 견봉하충돌증후 및 내적충돌증후 등의 증상을 나타내기도 한다. 과 투구로 인한 대부분의 운동손상은 보존적 치료로 좋은 결과를 볼 수 있으며， 이는 일차적으로 투구를 중지하여 관절을 안정시키며 진통 소염제나 물리치료 등을 통한 항 염증치료， 그리고 회전건개 및 견갑골주위근육의 강화운동 둥의 단계로 진행된다. 적절한 보존적 치료에도 불구하고 증상이 지속될 경우 정확한 진단에 근거한 수술적 치료 및 조절된 재활운동 프로그램을 통해 조기 운동 복귀를 기대할 수 있다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

Background: We analyze the functional evaluation, posterior stability after surgery of acute injuries in the femoral detachment and tibial avulsion fracture of posterior cruciate ligament. Materials and Methods: Twenty two patients who underwent primary repair were followed more than one year after operation (mean follow-up 33.7 months). The patients were evaluated with KT 2000 arthrometer and posterior stress test for posterior stability. Lysholm knee score was used for knee function. Results: Lysholm score revealed 85.3 in femoral detachment group and 91.1 in tibial avulsion fracture group (P<0.05). Posterior displacement of the posterior stress test showed 17.2 mm at initial injury and 8.6 mm at last follow up in femoral detachment group, 16.8 mm at initial injury and 7.1 mm at last follow up in tibial avulsion fracture group. There revealed the tendency of the improved posterior stability of the tibial avulsion group compared with femoral detachment group, but there showed no statistical significance in KT 2000 arthrometer and posterior stress x-ray. Conclusion: Functional results of tibial avulsion fracture group revealed the better outcome compared with femoral detachment group, but the degree of posterior stability in tibial avulsion fracture group showed no statistical significance in posterior stability.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.493-500
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• 2014

Nonlinear characteristics of cellular counterflow diffusion flame near the radiative extinction limit at large Damk$\ddot{o}$hler number are numerically investigated. Lewis number is assumed to be 0.5 and flame evolution is calculated by imposing an infinitesimal disturbance to a one-dimensional(1-D) steady state flame. The early stage of nonlinear development is very similar to that predicted in a linear stability analysis. The disturbance with the wavenumber of the fastest growing mode emerges and grows gradually. Eventual, an alternating pattern of reacting and quenching stripes is developed. The cellular flame temperature is higher than that of 1-D flame because of the gain of the total enthalpy. As the Damk$\ddot{o}$hler number is further increased, the shape of the cell becomes circular to increase the surface area per unit reacting volume. The cellular flames do not extinguish but survive even above the 1-D steady state extinction condition.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 2001

Objectives : Fatigue is a common symptom in primary medical care and has nonspecific and highly subjective features. So it has been difficult to define and measure fatigue, especially those present without any organic diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the validity of the Fatigue severity scale(FSS) in patients with persistent fatigue who were free of any organic diseases or psychiatric disorders of depression or anxiety. Methods : Subjects consisted of 45 controls, 44 fatigued patients and 43 psychiatric patients with depression or anxiety. They all completed the fatigue severity, modified Bepsi stress, and Hospital anxiety and depression scales. Chalder fatigue scale was administrated randomly in 30 of them. Data were analyzed for reliability and validity of the FSS. Results: Cronbach's a coeffient of FSS was 0.929, and the Pearson correlation coefficient for test-retest was 0.916(p<0.01). ANCOVA for discriminant validity revealed that there were significant differences in mean FSS values among the three groups. The fatigue group had significantly higher FSS value than the other two groups. The psychiatric group also had significantly higher FSS value than the control group. The Pearson correlation coefficient for convergent validity by comparing FSS with Chalder fatigue scale was 0.782(p<0.01). Using FSS index 3.22 as the cut-off point, sensitivity was 84.1% and specificity was 85.7% for the fatigue and control groups, respectively. Conclusion : Results suggested the clinical application of the FSS to be a useful measurement for distinguishing fatigue between patients with physiologic fatigue and psychiatric patients with depression or anxiety.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

Purpose: The least constrained prosthesis is generally recommended in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Nevertheless, a varus/valgus constrained (VVC) prosthesis should be implanted when a semi-constrained prosthesis is not good for adequate stability, especially in the coronal plane. In domestic situations, however, the VVC prosthesis could not always be prepared for every primary TKA case. Therefore, it is sometimes impractical to use a VVC prosthesis for unsual unstable situations. This study provides information for preparing VVC prostheses in the preoperative planning of primary TKA through an analysis of primary VVC TKA cases. Materials and Methods: This study reviewed 1,797 primary TKAs, performed between May 2003 and February 2016. The reasons for requiring VVC prosthesis and the preoperative conditions in 29 TKAs that underwent primary TKA with a VVC prosthesis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In primary TKA, 29 cases (1.6%) in 27 patients (6 male and 21 female) used VVC prosthesis. Two patients underwent a VVC prosthesis on both knees. The mean age of the patients was 63.4 years old (34-79 years). The mean flexion contracture was 16.2° (-20°-90°), and the mean angle of great flexion was 111.7° (35°-145°). The situations requiring a VVC prosthesis were severe valgus deformity in 10 knees, knee stiffness requiring extensive soft tissue release in 10 knees, previously injured collateral ligaments in five knees, and distal femoral bone defect due to avascular necrosis in four knees. The mean tibiofemoral angle was 25.7° (21°-43°) in 10 cases with a valgus deformity. The mean flexion contracture was 37.5° (20°-90°), and the mean range of motion was 48.5° (10°-70°) in 10 cases with knee stiffness. Conclusion: The preparation of VVC prosthesis is recommended, even for primary TKA in cases of severe valgus deformity (tibiofemoral angle>20°), stiff knee (the range of motion: less than 70° with more than 20° flexion contracture), and the cases with a previous collateral ligament injury. This information will help in the preparation of adequate TKA prostheses for unusual unstable situations.