• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship among the hypermedia structure(hierarchical and network), learner's cognitive style(field-independent and field-dependent), and learning performance in the elementary school. 128 students(4th graders) having field-independent and field-dependent cognitive style were randomly allocated into hierarchical and network structures of hypermedia learning program. There was not significant interaction between hypermedia structure and cognitive style in learning performance. The students in the hierarchical hypermedia structure showed higher learning performance than ones in the network hypermedia structure. Field-independent students significantly got higher results than field-dependent ones. It is concluded that instructional designers should consider hypermedia structure, learner's cognitive style, and learning outcomes when they plan and design hypermedia learning program.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.31-56
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• 2015

This study compares the relative effectiveness of private tutoring and self-directed learning on the formation of cognitive (academic achievement on Korean, math, and English) and noncognitive skills (friendship, self esteem, creative personality, and motivation) of primary and secondary school students in Seoul. The results show that private tutoring has positive but diminishing effects on cognitive skill formation with no effects on noncognitive skill formation, while self-directed learning has positive effects on both cognitive and noncognitive skill formation.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.327-336
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to investigate 6th-graders' use of cognitive strategies and metacognitive strategies in usual learning and testing situations, and to compare the difference in the use of the strategies by students' science achievement, learning motivation, and gender. The relationship among these strategies, science achievement, and learning motivation were also examined, and the portion of variance of explanation for achievement score was studied by a multiple regression analysis. The results showed that high-achieving students used more cognitive strategies and metacognitive strategies in usual learning and more cognitive strategies in testing situations than low-achieving students. Highly motivated students used more cognitive and metacognitive strategies than poorly motivated students in all situations. Elementary female students used more learning strategies than male students in usual learning. On the other hand, no gender differences was found to be significant in the use of strategies in testing situations. These learning strategies were significantly correlated with the science achievement and motivation scores. The cognitive strategies in usual learning accounted for the significant portion of the variance of the achievement score. Educational implications are discussed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.509-517
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effect of grit on the relationship between cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, and resource management strategies, which are subdomains of learning strategies, and academic achievement among university students, and to provide basic data for improving academic achievement. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 203 undergraduate students at a university in City C. Academic achievement was positively correlated and statistically significant with cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, resource management strategies, and grit, which are subdomains of learning strategies.Grit had a partial mediating effect on the effects of cognitive strategies (Z=4.372, p<.001), metacognitive strategies (Z=5.398, p<.001), and resource management strategies (Z=4.991, p<.001) on academic achievement. Therefore, it is necessary to specifically explore and utilize ways to improve cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, resource management strategies, and grit in college students to contribute to the improvement of college students' major competencies.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 2017

This paper analyzed class satisfaction and perceived learning achievement to the interaction type on e-learning in university. To achieve the study's objective, one course with and another course without learner-instructor interactions were selected. A total of184 student-respondents completed the questionnaire. Accordingly, more learner-content and learning-system interactions were noted in the course with learner-instructor interactions. Moreover, a correlation was observed between interaction, class satisfaction, and learning achievement. Learner-instructor interactions indicated the highest effect on both educational satisfaction and perceived learning achievement, followed by learner-system interactions on class satisfaction, and by learner-instructor interactions on learning achievement. Recommendations were then formulated based on the foregoing findings. First, workshops or training focusing on content development and on how to present the course should be provided to the instructors. Second, learner-instructor interactions should be activated in the course through various means. In this study, although learner-learner interactions was not given focus, future studied should delve into how learner-learner interaction should be activated and considered.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.135-156
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• 2021

Achievement pressure and enthusiasm affecting mathematics academic achievement are constantly changing and affecting academic achievement. Therefore, a longitudinal study is needed to examine the influence of the change patterns of teachers' achievement pressure and enthusiasm on the change patterns of academic achievement. This study utilized student data from the 5th grade of elementary school (2013 year) to the third grade of middle school (2017 year) of the Korean Education Longitudinal Study 2013. The longitudinal change patterns of mathematics academic achievement were classified into similar subgroups and the influence of the longitudinal change patterns of the achievement pressure and enthusiasm of each group on the longitudinal change pattern of mathematics academic achievement and the path were compared and analyzed. As a result of the analysis, in all four subgroups with similar longitudinal changes in mathematics academic achievement, the teacher's achievement pressure showed little change from the fifth grade, while the teacher's enthusiasm continued to decline from the fifth grade. In addition, the influence of teachers' achievement pressure and enthusiasm perceived by students in each group on mathematics academic achievement was different. This suggests that in order to improve mathematics academic achievement, it is necessary to support teaching and learning reflecting the characteristics and dispositions of students.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 2021

Since Covid-19, many educational institutions no longer view online learning as an additional material, but use it as their main learning tool. In this study, we tried to summarize the definition of smart learning and examined how smart learning math classes affect academic achievement, mathematical interest, and attitudes. We manipulate groups that conducted smart learning and groups that conducted face-to-face learning, and compare academic performance, mathematical interest, and attitudes after six weeks of learning. As a result, we found that the smart learning group had a large values in all three factors compared to the face-to-face learning group. We also found moderating effect. Students with lower grades largely improved their academic achievement scores as the difference in attitude changes through smart learning compared to those with higher grades.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.159-162
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• 2011

이 연구는 인지기제를 활용한 문제기반학습이 학습자의 학업성취도와 수학적 태도에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 우선 초등학교 수학과 학습에서 학습자들의 인지과정을 안내할 수 있는 문제기반학습 설계를 위해 문제기반학습 모형에 란다(N. Landa)의 인지기제 교수학습설계이론을 적용하여 인지기제 활용 문제기반학습 모형을 도출하였다. 그리고 초등학교 수학과 4학년 2학기 4개 단원의 8차시를 추출하여 문제를 개발하고 서울시 소재 'ㅈ' 초등학교 4학년 학생들 중 동질집단으로 확인된 2개 학급에 이 모형을 적용하였다. 연구 결과 인지기제 활용 문제기반학습을 적용한 실험집단과 적용하지 않은 통제집단 간 학업성취도 효과에 있어서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 수학적 태도와 관련해서는 하위영역 중 수학에 대한 자아개념과 수학에 대한 태도 영역에서는 유의한 차이가 있었으나 수학에 대한 학습습관 영역에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 특히 세부영역별로 자신감, 흥미, 우월감, 주의집중, 목적의식, 자율학습에 있어서 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 학습기술 적용과 성취동기에 대해서는 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.148-1-148-7
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• 2006

학습에 동기부여를 위한 도전들이 있는 상황을 증진시키는데 효과적이고 도움이 되는 정보에는 어떠한 종류들이 있는지 조사되고 있다. 특히 Keller(1998)의 동기유발 요소 중에서도 학습자들의 요구나 흥미, 학습할 내용과의 관련성을 제시하는 것이 학습 동기와 학업성취를 높인다고 밝히고 있다. 그러나 이런 동기유발 요소만으로 학업성취가 높아지는 과정을 모두 설명하기는 부족하다. 웹기반 학습에서는 학습에 대한 의지를 지속시키지 않으면 학습자들이 학습에 대한 인지적 과부하와 방향상실을 경험하게 되어 오히려 학습의 효과가 떨어지게 된다. 이러한 관련성과 학습 의지적 요소에 관한 선행연구들을 바탕으로 웹 기반 학습에서 관련성과 학습 의지 요소 전략의 사용이 학습 동기 및 학업성취에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.757-767
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• 2002

This study investigated the effects of scientific inquiry experiments emphasizing social interaction on the academic achievement, the ability for science inquiry and the learning motivation of the students. To examine the differences among the classes of scientific inquiry experiments according to the way of organizing small groups, the effects of the group in homogeneous cognitive level and the group in heterogeneous cognitive level were compared. 255 7th-graders were grouped into the treatment group and the control group. After the treatment group received the scientific inquiry experimental lessons emphasizing social interaction and the control group received traditional lessons for one year, academic achievement, ability for scientific inquiry, and learning motivation were examined. These inquiry experiments were composed of four steps which are eliciting, familiarizing, constructing and bridging. And students can interact with peers and teachers through the process of relating observed phenomena to concept, constructing experiment procedure, and eliciting results. The ANCOVA results revealed that there were significant effects of science inquiry experiments emphasizing social interaction on the academic achievement, the ability for scientific inquiry and the learning motivation of the students. The significant academic achievement of the students in most of the cognitive levels, if not all, was found and degree of improvement in the ability for scientific inquiry was lower than that in the academic achievement. Concerning the effects according to the way of organizing small groups, there were significant improvement in academic achievement and learning motivation of the group in homogeneous cognitive level compared to the group in heterogeneous cognitive level. These results indicate that social interaction in learning is important and it has positive influences on the improvement in academic achievement and ability for scientific inquiry of students.