• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2019

A construction project is a complex process consisting of interdependent tasks. If one task has variation, other tasks will be affected additionally and it is difficult to reach consensus on task variation due to the characteristics of the construction site that is going on quickly and complicatedly. Therefore, this study identified the root cause of task variation in construction process. Adjacent matrix was created with the tasks corresponding to major causes of variation, and the network analysis was performed. The results of social network analysis in the construction process can stabilize the work flow in the complex process and improve the reliability of the process plan and the project performance.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.71-79
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• 2018

Recently, Korean traditional foods have been commercialized and exported to the world because they can be conveniently and easily ingested. In particular, it is necessary to study and develop recipe for representative foods with high preference in China and Japan which are geographically close to Korea. Therefore, this paper retrieves and collects recipes for representative foods of Korean traditional foods in China and Japan using country portal sites in China and Japan. The recipe collected for each country is constructed with a recipe database to analyze and visualize what materials are used for each type of recipe. The recipe analyzed by country will be used as basic data for commercializing Korean traditional food in China and Japan in the future.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.273-295
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• 2017

The Philippines in 2016 showed the highest GDP growth rate among Southeast Asian countries, in spite of domestic and international turbulence caused by the war on drugs and unexpected foreign policies after Duterte's presidency. The social contexts and political dynamics behind 'Duterte phenomenon' have raised key questions and issues to other countries including Korea, as to democracy and politics in current neoliberal challenges. The Philippines' choices for independent foreign policy and challenges against existing hegemony would continue to draw attention, particularly on whether this would end in an experiment of a country or initiate an alternative power block among neighboring countries and ASEAN communities.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.220-224
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• 2023

Row hammering is a phenomenon in which bit flips occur in adjacent rows when accessing a particular row continuously, causing data damage, security problems, and poor computing performance. This paper analyzes the cause and response method of row hammering through TCAD simulation in 2ynm DRAM. In the experiment, the row hammering is reproduced while changing the parameters of the trap and the device structure, and the trap density, temperature. It analyzes the relationship with Active Wisdom, etc. As a result, it was confirmed that changes in trap parameters and device structures directly affect ΔV_cap/pulse. This enables a fundamental understanding of low hammering and finding countermeasures, and can contribute to improving the stability and security of DRAM.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of implant supported fixed-hybrid prostheses (FHP) in the fully edentulous arches. Materials and methods: Patients in this retrospective study were restored with fixed-hybrid prostheses supported by 4 to 6 implants and functioned more than 1 year of loading. Outcome measures were marginal bone change of implant related with sex, anatomical location (maxilla vs. mandible), opposing teeth, loading time of patients, tilting of posterior implant by Mann- Whitney U test and cantilever length of superstructure by regression analysis, and complication rates. Significance level was set P<.05. Results: A total number of 84 implants (16 restorations) placed in 16 patients were observed for 28 months and mean marginal bone loss was $0.53{\pm}0.39mm$. There were no differences of marginal bone loss according to sex, anatomical location (maxilla vs. mandible), opposing teeth, loading time of patients (P>.05), and cantilever length was not significantly related with a marginal bone loss of implant next to cantilever (P>.05). Complication was shown in 11 patients and veneer fracture and dislodging of artificial teeth were most prevalent. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, although marginal bone loss of FHP was very little, complication rates were high. Irrespective of tilting of most posterior implants, marginal bone loss of most posterior implants next to cantilever was less than those of the other implants positioned anteriorly. Cantilever length (<17 mm) did not affect a marginal bone loss of most posterior implants.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.233-243
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• 2015

The ecosystem fragmentation due to transportation infrastructure causes road-kill phenomenon. When making policy for reducing road-kill it is important to select target-species in order to enhance its efficiency. However, many corridors installed in Korea have been raised issues about their effectiveness due to lack of considerations such as target-species selection, site selection, and management, etc. In this study, we are to grasp relationship between road-kill area and habitat patches and suggest that spatial location of habitat patches should be considered as one of the important factors when making policy for reducing road-kill. Habitat patches were presumed from overlying suitability index that chosen by literature review and road-kill hotspot was determined by Getis-Ord $G_i^*$ analysis. Afterwards, we performed a correlation analysis between $G_i$ Z-score and the distance from habitat patches to the roads. As a result, there is a negative correlation between two variables, It affects the $G_i^*$ Z-score going up if the habitat patches and the roads become closer.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.43 no.11 s.353
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• pp.26-36
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose a cost-effective color filter may (CFA) demosaicing method for digital still cameras in which a single CCD or CMOS image sensor is used. Since a CFA is adopted, we must interpolate missing color values in the red, green and blue channels at each pixel location. While most state-of-the-art algorithms invest a great deal of computational effort in the enhancement of the reconstructed image to overcome the color artifacts, we focus on eliminating the color artifacts with low computational complexity. Using spatial correlation of the adjacent pixels, the edge-directional information of the neighbor pixels is used for determining the edge direction of the current pixel. We apply our method to the state-of-the-art algorithms which use edge-directed methods to interpolate the missing color channels. The experiment results show that the proposed method enhances the demosaiced image qualify from $0.09{\sim}0.47dB$ in PSNR depending on the basis algorithm by removing most of the color artifacts. The proposed method was implemented and verified successfully using verilog HDL and FPGA. It was synthesized to gate-level circuits using 0.25um CMOS standard cell library. The total logic gate count is 12K, and five line memories are used.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.95-110
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• 2013

This paper presents a novel feature engineering technique that can improve the conventional machine learning-based text classification systems. The proposed method extends the initial set of features by using hyperlink relationships in order to effectively categorize hypertext web documents. Web documents are connected to each other through hyperlinks, and in many cases hyperlinks exist among highly related documents. Such hyperlink relationships can be used to enhance the quality of features which consist of classification models. The basic idea of the proposed method is to generate a sort of ed concept feature which consists of a few raw feature words; for this, the method computes the semantic similarity between a target document and its neighbor documents by utilizing hierarchical relationships in the WordNet ontology. In developing classification models, the ed concept features are equated with other raw features, and they can play a great role in developing more accurate classification models. Through the extensive experiments with the Web-KB test collection, we prove that the proposed methods outperform the conventional ones.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.135-149
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• 2019

This article analyzed economic effects of changes in spatial accessibility on regional touruism expenditure structure resulting from highway investments on Gangwon province, Korea. The Seemingly Unrelated Regress(SUR) model is applied to analyze the structure of change in tourism expenditure of Gangwon Province, and the competition and complementary relationship of tourist demand were analyzed among 18 counties in Gangwon by Dendrinos-Sonis method. The spatial accessibility has a significant effect on the increase in amount of tourist expenditure, but by 1% increase in the accessibility resulted in a reduction of length of stay -0.18% and travel costs -0.34% by respectively. The most powerful variable for improving the on-site economy is the tourist service establishment, which increases one unit, the amount of tourist expenditure increased by 3.6%. Moreover, the competition and supplemental relationship of tourism demands in Gangwon was decided by the conditions under which traffic flow with passing occurred, such as inland or ocean-typed travel attractions, adjacent or remote regions to the highway. The limitations of this study were not able to use raw data of tourism expenditures before and after the opening the highway due to the restriction of priority data, and further research on the appropriate level of spatial accessibility for the regional economy is needed.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.125-141
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• 2020

This study investigated the time-series relationship between housing consumer sentiment and housing prices in the five major districts in Seoul and also analyzed the effect of the housing consumer sentiment on housing prices using Granger Causality and VEC (Vector Error Correction) models. To describe the key results, first of all, housing consumer sentiment and regional housing market prices were closely related to each other, and the consumer sentiment strongly affected the change of housing prices. Second, the housing consumer sentiment was confirmed to have a discriminatory effect on the housing prices among the districts in Seoul in the short term. Specifically, the housing price of the east southern district (ESD) was the main reason for the change in housing consumer sentiment in Seoul, and that the resulting impact was transferred to other districts. Third, it was analyzed that regions other than the ESD would increase the housing prices in the long term as the housing consumer sentiment turned positive, but that the ESD would see a steady tone. Fourth, in the case of relative influence by district, housing (apartment) price fluctuation in a district was generally found to be most affected by adjacent or competitive districts. Through these findings, this study confirmed that there is a clear causality between housing consumer sentiment and housing prices in each district of Seoul and that there is a discriminatory influence on housing consumer sentiment among the districts.