• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2005

Based on the previous studies on alcohol effects on human behavior and performance in transportation system such as airplane and car driving, the alcohol exposure before and on watch of a ship has a great influence on subsequent behavior. In this paper, to examine the drinking status of officers on board multiple choice questionnaires are circularized under instruction and surveyed for 118 officers. According to the results of the questionnaire survey on alcohol dependance (Alcoholism) that was invested by WHO, over 27% of those surveyed represented alcohol abuse symptoms. In addition to that, the existing state and awareness for on-board-drinking was summarized to make a scenario of drunk-operation with a ship handling simulator to investigate the effect of alcohol (0.08 g% blood alcohol concentrations) on ship operational performance. A main effect for alcohol was found indicating that ship operational performance was comparatively impaired by this alcohol relative to performance in the non-alcohol condition. The results of this research can be applied to minimize marine acciedents as basic data.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.112-120
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• 2009

Face membership authentication is to decide whether an incoming person is an enrolled member or not using face recognition, and basically belongs to two-class classification where support vector machine (SVM) has been successfully applied. The previous SVMs used for face membership authentication have been trained and tested using image feature vectors extracted from member face images of each class (enrolled class and unenrolled class). The SVM so trained using image feature vectors extracted from members in the training set may not achieve robust performance in the testing environments where configuration and size of each class can change dynamically due to member's joining or withdrawal as well as where testing face images have different illumination, pose, or facial expression from those in the training set. In this paper, we propose an effective class discriminating feature vector-based SVM for robust face membership authentication. The adopted features for training and testing the proposed SVM are chosen so as to reflect the capability of discriminating well between the enrolled class and the unenrolled class. Thus, the proposed SVM trained by the adopted class discriminating feature vectors is less affected by the change in membership and variations in illumination, pose, and facial expression of face images. Through experiments, it is shown that the face membership authentication method based on the proposed SVM performs better than the conventional SVM-based authentication methods and is relatively robust to the change in the enrolled class configuration.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.132-142
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a traffic lights detection method using visual attention and spot-lights detection. To detect traffic lights in city streets at day and night time, the proposed method is used the structural form of a traffic lights such as colors, intensity, shape, textures. In general, traffic lights are installed at a position to increase the visibility of the drivers. The proposed method detects the candidate traffic lights regions using the top-down visual saliency model and spot-lights detect models. The visual saliency and spot-lights regions are positions of its difference from the neighboring locations in multiple features and multiple scales. For detecting traffic lights, by not using a color thresholding method, the proposed method can be applied to urban environments of variety changes in illumination and night times.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.1131-1138
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• 2009

In this study, the breads with medicinal herbs (MH) composites showing cognitive function were prepared and their characteristics were examined. Fifteen kinds of medicinal herbs were extracted with hot water and divided into 3 groups (MH-1, MH-2, MH-3) based on their contents. All groups showed cognitive function in terms of promoting muscarinic receptor, NMDA receptor and acetylcholinesterase inhibition. In the preparation of breads containing MH extracts of various contents (0, 10, 20, 30, and 50%), there were no significant difference among loaf weight of all groups, but loaf volume of all groups were significantly (p<0.05) decreased with increasing content of MH extracts compared to the control group. The "a" and "b" values of bread crumb increased with the content of MH extracts while "L" value decreased, but these values of bread crust were similar to the control group. The most improvements in hardness, fracturability, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of bread were noticed by the addition of 10$\sim$20% MH extracts, while adhesiveness and springiness of bread were the most by the 30% addition ones. Through the sensory evaluation, it was revealed that appearance, mouth feeling, taste, overall preference and crumb texture of bread were not significantly different (p<0.05) between control and those with the 10% addition ones. Therefore the 10% addition ones, which got similar scores to control, will make the most desirable product.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.323-330
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the occurrence level of harmful chemical substance and the riskiness caused by it at university laboratory, which had been faintly interested in safe health management. It measured and analyzed indoor pollutants by academic department targeting K university where is located in Seoul Metropolis for 6 days starting from May 26, 2010. As a result, the appearance of being furnished with MSDS, the appearance of installing the exposure-reduction facilities, and the present status of supplying protective equipment in order to grasp the present status of managing harmful chemical substance at university laboratory were relatively good in management at the Dept. of Chemistry, the Dept. of Physics, and the Dept. of Medical Science, which are basic science laboratories. The activity for managing harmful chemical substance in the Dept. of Dental Medicine and the Dept. of Fine Arts was surveyed to be insufficient. Also, the concentration of formaldehyde and TVOCs(total volatile organic compounds) inside laboratory was detected noticeably highly in the Dept. of Fine Arts compared to other laboratories. The concentration of formaldehyde in a group, which was collectivized by similar academic department, was indicated to be higher in other academic departments including the Dept. of Fine Arts and the Dept. of Life Science, thereby having shown significant difference. The concentration of formaldehyde and TVOCs showed significant difference at the laboratory without installation compared to the laboratory with installation of fume hood. Seeing the above results, it could be known that a whole drop in recognition on influence of chemical upon health leads to being able to increase occurrence level of hazardous factor due to being insufficient in activity of protecting exposure to chemical substance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.113-128
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• 1990

In recent years, various types of coastal protection scheme have been studied around the coastal region. Among them, so-called zonal protection systems are being watched with interest from various points of view. In this paper, wave overtopping rate from overflowing the vertical seawall is investigated by conducting two dimensional model on the horizontal bed experiment. Hereafter this system is referred to as a artificial reef system. One is the foundation to control wave height near the surfzone and the other is function to prevent coastal disaster by suppressing net overtopping rate. The main results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. 1) Wave attenuation taken place on the artificial reef can be predicted numerically by using energy dispersion model due to wave breaking proposed by Battjes. 2) To evaluate the wave overtopping rate from a vertical seadike on various coastal constructions by weir model, a numerical procedure for prediction of overtopping is confirmed.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.310-318
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• 2013

In territorial ecosystem, soil has stored considerable amount of carbon, and it is vulnerable to weakness release much of the carbon to atmosphere. In this study, we have been effort realization and discussion to the error between inter-instruments and measurement methods, time and special variations, gap filling and separation from each source included in soil respiration, used to collect soil respiration data in various ecosystems in Korea. In conclusion, it have to collect calibration data throughout comparison test between methods and instruments because accumulated data from past and accumulating data in present did not calibrated. In predicting change of soil carbon dynamic using the model method, it needs important data such as longterm and short-term data, artificial handling data of major factor, data from various ecosystem, soil texture, soil depth etc. In company with, we should collect highly qualified data through deep consideration of present problems.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.8 s.88
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• pp.1082-1089
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• 2007

Serological anlysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) has led to identification of several categories of new antigens recognized by the immune system of cancer patients, which are referred to as the cancer immunome. We analyzed normal testis cDNA expression libraries with serumobtained from non-small lung cancer patient and isolated 40 distinct antigen designated KP-LuT-1 through KP-LuT-40. Among these antigens 20 antigens were previously identified by SEREX analysis of other tumor types, and 20 out of 40 antigens (50%) did not match entries in Cancer Immunome Database and were considered newly identified antigens. Sequencing analysis showed that the anti-gens comprised 26 functional known proteins and 14 noble/uncharacterized gene products. Of these, the hypothetical protein KP-LuT-6 was shown tissue-restricted. RT-PCR showed it to be expressed strongly only in normal testis. In addition to normal tissues-restricted expression, KP-LuT-6 mRNA was detected in lung tumor samples(3/l0), stomach tumor samples(3/l0), and breast tumor samples(l/5), whereas not detected in colon tumor samples(O/I2). These data suggest that KP-LuT-6 is a cancer/testis (CT)-like antigen as a potential target for cancer immunotherapies.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.123-134
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• 2010

In this paper we propose ubiquitous virtual reality framework and its application for fostering a sustainable content ecosystem in the convergence space of virtual reality and real space. The ubiquitous virtual reality framework supports fundamental infrastructure which consists of platforms for end-users and service providers and dual space management. The platform for the service provider allows experts to generate contents related to real objects while the platform for the end-users allows to consume, share and regenerate the contents contextually augmented over real objects. The dual space management stores, visualizes and provides the contents generated and extended by them for connecting different users and service providers. The proposed framework allows users to continuously generate, share and extend the contents and thus contribute to making multimedia service environment. We also implemented and evaluated the framework consisting of a desktop authoring platform, mobile authoring platform and a dual space management server. We then introduced a promising application scenario to show how the content ecosystem is empowered by ubiquitous virtual reality framework and is realized in our life. Consequently, we are expecting that the ubiquitous virtual reality technology will play a vital role in building continuously evolving multimedia service environment for the future computing environment.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.437-444
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• 2015

Due to the attractive benefits with regard to bone health, digestion, and hydration, carbonated water consumption have rapidly grown over the past few years. However, the acidic drink has latent potential for enamel erosion. The most experimental studies about the enamel erosion have focused on the carbonated beverages with sugar and artificial sweeteners. Here, we determined the enamel erosion potential by commercially available carbonated waters with bovine teeth. The erosion was verified by pH value, calcium concentration, and scanning electron microscope. Then plaque accumulation by bacterial adhesion was determined on the enamel erosion surface to measure roughness. In the present study, we observed that the increased calcium content after being immersed in carbonated waters result from the overall enamel erosion. There were no significant differences between general carbonated waters and mineral waters for erosive capacity. Therefore, commercially available carbonated waters are potentially erosive. In addition, oral bacteria strongly adhered to the erosive enamel surfaces thereby facilitating the development of dental plaque. Thus, it is urgently necessary to provide food safety information on the carbonated water as acidic drink to prevent the enamel erosion.