• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2011

This study was carried out to provide recent information on zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) sod production in Japan. Total zoysiagrass sod production acreage in Japan was 6,623 ha. The acreage by prefecture was 3,900 ha (58.9%) in Ibalaki, 779 ha (11.8%) in Tostoli, 609 ha (9.2%) in Kagosima, and 550 ha (8.3%) in Sijeumoka, respectively. Sod was harvested by 1.5 cm sod thickness. Mowing height of Goraisiba (Zoysia matrella) and Nosiba (Zoysia japonica) cultivars was cut by 10 mm and 25 mm height, respectively. Japan agricultural cooperative issued a warranty of sod production quality to zoysiagrass consumers. A quality evaluation for sod production was carried out continuously to maintain a reasonable degree of uniformity and hight quality of sod production three times a year. Also, zosiagrass sod production was rotated with Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel) for improving fertility of soil every five to six years. Patented cultivars for promoting bland in Ibaraki prefecture of Japan were 'Tsukuba himae', 'Tsukuba kagayaki', 'Tsukuba Talou' and 'Tsukuba green'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

The urban areas have various landuses such as residential, commercial, industrial and official purposes that are highly concerned with human activities. The other landuses are relating to vehicle activities, which are roads, parking lots, bridges, parks etc. The mainly using landuses by human activities are possessing three different areas that are buildings, parking lots/roads and landscapes. Of these areas, the buildings and landscapes can be classified as non-pollution areas. However, the parking lots or roads are classifying as the main pollution areas because of vehicle activities. Therefore, the landuses arising the nonpoint pollution during a storm in urban areas are roads and parking lots. The vehicles are emitting lots of nonpoint pollutants such as metals and particulate matters and it is impacting on water qualities and aqua-ecosystems nearby the city areas. Therefore, this research was conducted for characterizing the pollutant types and determining the EMCs (Event Mean Concentrations) and unit pollutant loads during a storm. The monitoring was performed on 9 locations such as highways, service area, tollgates, parking lot and bridges. All of the landuses selected for monitoring are concerned with transportation. The results can be effectively used to predict the pollutant loading before urban planning and to select the BMPs (Best Management Practices) for reducing the pollution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.2
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• pp.124-135
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• 2020

Alder (Alnus japonica) forests are representative of the wetland in East Asia, including Korea. In the past, alder forests were relatively common in various habitats such as mountains, riversides, back marshes, and alluvial plains. However, this plant community has recently become rare due to increasingly arid habitats and the influence of various land uses. In this study, we identify the synecological characteristics of alder (A. japonica) forests distributed naturally in the mountainous wetlands of Korea and provide basic data for their systematic conservation and management in the future. Based on vegetation survey data collected from 66 alder forests, community types were classified using the methods of the Zürich-Montpellier School of Phytosociology and two-way indicator species analysis. There were eight community types: Styrax obassia, Weigela subsessilis-Fraxinus mandschurica, Spiraea fritschiana, Viola verecunda, Impatiens textori-Spiraea salicifolia, Glyceria leptolepis, Molinia japonica, and Lindera obtusiloba-Quercus acutissima. These community types constituted a vegetation unit hierarchy of two communities, four subcommunities, and eight variants. In addition, the ecological characteristics of each community type were compared (including total coverage per 100 square meter, importance value index, constancy class, life-form composition, diversity indices, community similarity coefficient, and indicator species).

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.754-765
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• 2006

In XML keyword search, a search result is defined as a set of the smallest elements (i.e., least common ancestors) containing all query keywords and a granularity of indexing is an XML element instead of a document. Under the conventional index structure, all least common ancestors produced by the combination of the elements, each of which contains a query keyword, are considered as a search result. In this paper, to avoid unnecessary operations of producing the least common ancestors and reduce query process time, we describe a way to construct a partitioned index composed of several partitions and produce a search result by merging those partitions if necessary. When a search result is restricted to be composed of the least common ancestors whose depths are higher than a given minimum depth, under the proposed partitioned index structure, search systems can reduce the query process time by considering only combinations of the elements belonging to the same partition. Even though the minimum depth is not given or unknown, search systems can obtain a search result with the partitioned index, which requires the same query process time to obtain the search result with non-partitioned index. Our experiment was conducted with the XML documents provided by the DBLP site and INEX2003, and the partitioned index could reduce a substantial amount of query processing time when the minimum depth is given.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.185-192
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• 2007

Newly constructed road is a requisite to be able to carry out BMPs (Best Management Practices) under TMDL(Total Maximum Daily Load) program of the Ministry of Environment. BMPs require pollutant source control during road construction and wash off reduction plan as well as maintenance practices subsequent to construction on the purpose of discharging the minimum wash off non-point source pollutants. The objective of this study is to provide supportive discharged data in evaluating the discharged non-point pollutant load from a highway toll gate area. It can be applied to manage non-point source pollutants on roads. The results validate the first flush phenomenon that it is known to be one of the wash off characteristics in paved area. In addition, the load per unit area and load per unit rainfall duration applying EMC are calculated. The mean load per unit rainfall duration is assessed to be $533.7mg/m^2-hr$ for TSS, $396.2mg/m^2-hr$ for COD, $17.0mg/m^2-hr$ for TN, and $4.8mg/m^2-hr$ for TP. These results show the unitload taken from monitoring are higher than the unit load suggested in the TMDL. It is important to adopt real pollutant unit for road to be able to perform BMP successfully.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.307-316
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• 1996

A persistent major haemolyruph protein (MHP) was confirmed, and its ontogeny and physicochemical charadedstics were investigated in Helicoverpa assulta. The MHP existed continually during larval-pupal-adult development, and its ontogeny was similar to that of total haemolymph protein concentration during development. Its content increased with larval growth, and kept to high level during pupal-adult development except for temporary decrease at the early pupal and adult stages. The MHP was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The purified MHP was determined to be hexamer glycolipoprotein (pI 5.9, M.W. 414kDa) consisted of single type subunit (69kDa). Amino acid analysis suggested that the MHP contained a relatively high content of aromatic amino acids (18.27 mole % of tryptophan, 7.47 mole % of tyrosine and 6.51 mole % of phenylalanine) compared to storage proteins from other insects. Immunodiffusion test and electrophoretic analysis of the organ proteins (gut, fat body, and Malphigian tubule) suggested that the major haemolymph protein was present in the fat body.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.23-34
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• 2008

The number of web service user is increasing steadily as web-based service is offered in various form. But, web service has a vulnerability such as SQL Injection, Parameter Injection and DoS attack. Therefore, it is required for us to develop Web IDS system and additionally to offer Rule-base intrusion detection/response mechanism against those attacks. However, existing Web IDS system didn't correspond properly on recent web attack mechanism because they didn't including suitable pre-processing procedure on huge web log data. Therfore, we propose an efficient web log pre-processing mechanism for enhancing rule based detection and improving the performance of web IDS base attack response system. Proposed algorithm provides both a field unit parsing and a duplicated string elimination procedure on web log data. And it is also possible for us to construct improved web IDS system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.17 no.7 s.124
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• pp.596-604
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• 2007

This article investigates the effects of geometric configuration on the vibro-acoustic characteristics of in-plane vibration of a thick annular disc. Disc thickness and outer radius for a given inner radius are selected as independent variables having reasonable ranges. Variations in structural eigensolutions for radial modes are investigated using pre-developed analytical method. Based on these data, far-field sound pressure distributions due to the modal vibrations for a given geometry are also calculated using an analytical solution. Modal sound powers and radiation efficiencies are calculated from the far-field sound pressure distributions and vibratory velocity distributions on the radial surfaces. Based on the results explained above, the geometric configuration that minimizes modal sound radiations in a given frequency range is determined. Finally sound power and radiation efficiency spectra for a unit harmonic force from the selected geometric configuration are obtained from structural and acoustic modal data using the modal expansion technique. Multi-modal sound radiations of the optimized disc that are obtained using proposed analytical methods are confirmed with numerical results. Using the procedure introduced in this article, sound radiation due to in-plane modes within a specific frequency range can be minimized by the disc geometry modifications in a comprehensive and convenient manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2008

The shock tunnel as a hypersonic ground test facility was designed, constructed and its performance test was conducted to reproduce the high speed flow which the hypersonic propulsion system is encountered. The design points were understood and the conceptual design was completed using the quasi one dimensional operation analysis code. After that, the specific performance and compartment design were completed using CFD simulation as the part analysis. The facility was then constructed according to those design results and the performance test was conducted for various operation conditions. In this paper, we suggested the design method of hypersonic shock tunnel including the conceptual and performance design using theoretical analysis and the quasi 1D Multi-species computational fluid dynamics code.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 1985

Delta-endotoxin in Bacillus thuringiensis var. finitimus, HD-1, HD-9 and HD-73 strains were isolated by NaBr, CsCl and Renografin density gradients. The purity of the toxin was about 98%. The purified o-endotoxin was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, electron microscopic observation and bioassay. According to SDS-PAGE, the molecular weight of subunits of the o-endotoxin were about 66,000 and 130,000 daltons. The shapes of the crystal toxin observed by TEM except finitimus strain were bipyramidal. When the purified endotoxin was bioassayed against tobacco horn worm, the entomocidal activities ($1{\mu}g/ml$) of HD-1 and HD-73 strains were, respectively, 60% and 100% at nine days after treated. The molecular weights of the plasmids isolated from B. thuringiensis were various from 0.5 to 120 Kb. The numbers of plasmids in HD-1, HD-9 and HD-73 strains were 12, 3 and 11, respectively, but B. thuringiensis var. finitimus strain had no plasmid.