• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2009

Recently, the significance of Green-Energy led by low-carbon Green-Development is increasing as well in Korea. Among them, the most practical solution is the cogeneration which performs the best energy efficiency. This paper addresses the two of RCS(Regional Cogeneration System) connecting heat each other. It is conducted to quantitatively evaluate algorithm that optimally operate the heat transaction considering various operating modes. The proposed method is tested using the real system. Through the case studies, it is verified that the proposed algorithm of heat transaction can evaluate availability.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.51-55
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• 2017

This paper aims to maximize the energy harvesting rate and channel capacity in RF-energy harvesting networks (RF-EHNs) under the constraints of maximum transmit power and minimum quality of service (QoS) in terms of rate capacity for each user. We study a multi-user RF-EHN with frequency division multiple access (FDMA) in a Rayleigh channel. An access point (AP) simultaneously transmitting wireless information and power in the RF-EHN serves a subset of active users which have a power-splitting antenna. To gauge the network performance, we define energy efficiency (EE) and propose an optimization solution for maximizing EE with Lagrangian dual decomposition theory. In simulation results, we confirm that the EE is effectively maximized by the proposed solution with satisfying the given constraints.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.211-221
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• 2023

This study presents a comprehensive study on the synthesis and characterization of PVI-PGMA/LiTFSI polymeric membrane electrolytes and CxNy-C flexible electrodes for energy storage applications. The dual-functional PVI-PGMA copolymer exhibited excellent ionic conductivity, with the PVI-PGMA73/LiTFSI200 membrane electrolyte achieving the highest conductivity of 1.0 × 10^-3 S cm^-1. The electrochemical performance of the CxNy-C electrodes was systematically investigated, with C3N2-C demonstrating superior performance, achieving the highest specific capacitance of 958 F g^-1 and lowest charge transfer resistance (R_ct) due to its highly interconnected hybrid structure comprising nanowires and polyhedrons, along with binary Co/Ni oxides, which provided abundant redox-active sites and facilitated ion diffusion. The presence of a graphitic carbon shell further contributed to the enhanced electrochemical stability during charge-discharge cycles. These results highlight the potential of PVI-PGMA/LiTFSI polymeric membrane electrolytes and CxNy-C electrodes for advanced energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries, paving the way for further advancements in sustainable and high-performance energy storage technologies.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.645-668
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• 2022

Hydrogen energy is emerging as an important means of carbon neutrality in the various sectors including power, transportation, storage, and industrial processes. Fuel cell power plants are the fastest spreading in the hydrogen ecosystem and are one of the key power sources among means of implementing carbon neutrality in 2050. However, high volatility in system marginal price (SMP) and renewable energy certificate (REC) prices, which affect the profits of fuel cell power plants, delay the investment timing and deployment. This study applied the real option methodology to analyze how the dual uncertainties in both SMP and REC prices affect the investment trigger price level in the irreversible investment decision of fuel cell power plants. The analysis is summarized into the following three. First, under the current Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), dual price uncertainties passed on to plant owners has significantly increased the investment trigger price relative to one under the deterministic price case. Second, reducing the volatility of REC price by half of the current level caused a significant drop in investment trigger prices and its investment trigger price is similar to one caused by offering one additional REC multiplier. Third, investment trigger price based on gray hydrogen and green hydrogen were analyzed along with the existing byproduct hydrogen-based fuel cells, and in the case of gray hydrogen, economic feasibility were narrowed significantly with green hydrogen when carbon costs were applied. The results of this study suggest that the current RPS system works as an obstacle to the deployment of fuel cell power plants, and policy that provides more stable revenue to plants is needed to build a more cost-effective and stable hydrogen ecosystem.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.211-218
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• 2010

Volume of concrete slab changes by temperature and moisture effects. At that time, tensile stress develops because the slab volume change is restrained by friction resistance between the slab and subbase, and then crack occurs occasionally. Accordingly, researchers have made efforts to figure out the friction characteristics between the slab and subbase by performing push-off tests. Lately, researches to analyze concrete pavement behavior by the friction characteristics have been performed by finite element method. In this study, The friction characteristics between the slab and subbase were investigated based on the friction test results for lean concrete, aggregate, and asphalt subase widely used in Korean concrete pavements. The energy method bilinearizing relation between nonlinear friction resistance and displacement were suggested. The friction test was modeled by 3-D finite element program, ABAQUS, and the model was verified by comparing the analyzed results to the test results. The bilinear model developed by the energy method was validated by comparing analysis results obtained by using the nonlinear and bilinear friction resistance displacement relation as input data. A typical Korean concrete pavement was modeled by ABAQUS and EverFE and analyzed results were compared to evaluate applicability of the bilinear model.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.46-51
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• 2013

In this paper, a dual-band antenna is proposed for the RF power harvester system as well as RFID tag. The proposed antenna operates as the passive and active RFID tag antenna in the UHF and microwave band, respectively. In addition, to charge the battery of an active RFID tag in the microwave band, it harvest the RF signal for tagging from the passive RFID tag antenna in the UHF band. The proposed antenna operates in the UHF band (917~923.5 MHz) and microwave band (2.4~2.45 GHz). In order to obtain the dual-band operation, the dipole structure and meander parasitic elements are proposed as the ${\lambda}/2$ and $1{\lambda}$ dipole antenna, respectively. The radiating dipole structure in the microwave band acts as the coupled feed for the meander parasitic elements in the UHF band. The impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 2) of the proposed antenna covers 917~923.5 MHz (UHF band) and 2.4~2.45 GHz (Microwave band). Measured total efficiencies are over 45 % in the UHF band and over 70 % in the microwave band. Peak gains are over 0.18 dBi and 2.8 dBi in the UHF and microwave band with an omni-directional radiation pattern, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.289-301
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• 2008

Double skin composite (DSC) wall is a structural wall that is filed with concrete between two steel plate skins connected by tie bars. This type of wall was developed to enhance the structural performance of wall, to reduce wall thickness, and to enhance constructibility, eliminating the use of formwork and re-bars. In this study, cyclic tests were performed to investigate the inelastic behavior and earthquake resistance of isolated and coupled DSC walls with rectangular and T-shapedcross-sections. The DSC walls showed stable cyclic behaviors, exhibiting excellent energy dissipation capacity. The te st specimens failed by the tensile fracture of welded joints at the wall base and coupling beam and by the severe local buckling of the steel plate. The deformation capacity of the walls varied with the connection details at the wall base and their cross-sectional shapes. The specimens with well-detailed connections at the wall base showed relatively god deformation capacity ranging from 2.0% to 3.7% drift ratio. The load-carrying capacities of the isolated and coupled wall specimens were evaluated considering their inelastic behavior. The results were compared with the test results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.425-425
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• 2010

유기 발광 소자는 차세대 디스플레이 소자와 조명 광원으로서 많은 응용성 때문에 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 청색 유기 발광 소자는 적색과 녹색 유기발광소자들에 비해 상대적으로 발광효율이 낮고 색 순도가 떨어지며 수명이 짧기 때문에 전색 유기발광소자를 구현하는데 문제가 있다. 이런 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 청색 유기 발광소자의 재료 개발, 다층 이종구조 및 형광/인광성 물질의 도핑에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이와 더불어 색안정성과 색순도가 향상된 진청색 고효율 청색 유기발광소자는 백색유기발광소자의 응용성 때문에 이에 대한 연구가 주목을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 청색 유기 발광 소자의 발광효율을 높이고 색안정성과 색순도를 향상하기 위해 4,4'-Bis (2,2'-diphenyl-ethen-1-yl)biphenyl (DPVBi) 와 4,4'-Bis(carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl (CBP)로 구성된 나노크기의 폭을 가진 우물 형태의 이중 발광층 구조를 사용한 청색 유기발광소자를 제작하였다. 제작된 청색유기발광소자의 전기적 성질과 광학적 성질을 조사하여 색안정성 및 색순도 향상 메카니즘을 관찰하였다. DPVBi/CBP 이중 발광층을 가지는 청색 유기발광소자에서 CBP의 HOMO 에너지 준위의 값이 3.2 eV로 매우 크기 때문에 정공을 막는 정공 장벽층의 역할을 하게 되어 정공이 발광층에 머무르게 된다. 또한 DPVBi의 LUMO 값의 크기 5.8 eV, CBP의 LUMO 값의 크기는 6.3 eV이므로 상대적으로 CBP의 전자에 대한 주입장벽이 크기 때문에 발광층에 머무르는 전자의 양이 증가된다. 청색 발광층에 사용된 이중 발광층은 단일 발광층에 비해 더 많은 전자와 정공이 존재하기 때문에 전자-정공 재결합 확률을 높였으며 재결합 영역이 발광층 중심의 이중발광층 계면으로 이동하여 발광 영역이 국소화되어 전압변화에 따른 색의 변화가 적고 색순도가 더욱 향상되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.957-964
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• 2021

Fluorine-18 used in PET/CT scans is a radioactive isotope that emits positrons, and high energy annihilation gamma rays and beta rays cause exposure to radiation workers. In this study, as part of a plan to reduce the exposure dose of radiation workers working in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, the cause of the low shielding efficiency of Apron for F-18 was identified, and the effectiveness of the Apron double-shielded with acrylic was evaluated. L-Block, Apron+acrylic, Apron, Acrylic+Apron, and Acrylic five shields are used to measure the dose, and the tendencies were compared by performing a Monte Carlo simulation. As a result, it was found that the shielding rate of Apron double shielded with acrylic was about 4 to 8% higher than that of Apron single shielded. To the extent that it does not significantly affect the user's activity, double-shielded personal protective clothing with an appropriate acrylic thickness could help reduce radiation workers' exposure.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.228-234
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• 1996

BzCuO2 의 생성 자유에너지를 이중 이온교환된 Ba2+-$\beta$/$\beta$"-AI2O3를 전해질로 사용하여 다음과 같은 생성셀로부터 측정하였다. Au(po2=10-3)/Au+BaCuO2+CuO// Ba2+-$\beta$/$\beta$"-Au이 갈바닉셀에서 BzCuO2 의 임의의 생성식과 생성자유에너지는 다음과 같다. BaO+CuO=BaCuO2 $\Delta$fGo/kJ.mol-1=-77.3-3.3x10-3T/K.3x10-3T/K.