• 보건세계
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• v.42 no.4 s.464
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• pp.30-31
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• 1995

`94. 8월 요코하마에서 국제에이즈회의가 개최된 것을 기억하는 사람은 드물것이다. 10년만에 처음으로 이 회의가 아시아에서 개최된 것은 폭발적인 유행병의 양상을 보여준 아시아에서의 에이즈대책이 앞으로 중요한 화제가 될 것을 상징하고 있는 것이다. 회의에서 결핵예방회 간부들이 결핵과 에이즈에 대한 동시 치료의 필요성을 호소하고 그것들을 구체화하고자 본회 복십자 병원(동경 기요세시)에 결핵 에이즈 이중감염자의 병동을 개설하게 되었다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.26-32
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• 1970

Plasma의 이론에 대해서 Spitzer, Drumond, Bachynski등 여러사람이 고찰하고 연구해 왔으나 plasma이론의 성립을 대체로 표식적으로 나타내고, 필자는 이중에서 현재 주목되고 앞으로도 긴요한 몇가지 사항에 대해서 간단히 언급코저 한다. 물론 plasma물성에 공통된 기초에 대해서도 설명해야겠다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.514-522
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• 2019

In accordance with Article 33(8) of the Korean Medical Law, it is stated that a medical person cannot open or operate a medical institution by borrowing the name of another medical person. However, the publicity of medical care is threatened by the recent illegal network dental clinics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual condition of illegal network dentistry and to analyze the cases and to find out the reason why the prohibition of double opening & operating of medical institution. As a result, the illegal network dental clinics treated less health care insurance treatment such as dental caries and periodontal treatment than general dental hospitals. In contrast, the rate of implementation of illegal network dentistry was high in endodontics treatment and extraction, which could lead to uninsured treatments such as crowns and implants. As a result of Supreme Court precedent analysis, it is concluded that illegal act is not only the opening of a medical institution by borrowing the name of other medical personnel, but also the duplicated operation which has the authority to make decision about management matters of medical institutions. The results of the patient's case survey also showed that excessive dental treatment due to such as dental staff incentive system. In conclusion, the illegal network dental clinics not only threatens the oral health of the public, but also causes leakage of health insurance premiums. In other words, the ban on opening and operating the multiple medical institution should be strictly applied as a strong protection device for protecting the patient in dental case.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.295-326
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• 2015

Under the revision of medical law on February 1, 2012, health care providers are banned from opening 2 or more medical institutions and being involved in managing the institutions. However, purpose of the legislation of the revised law is unclear and even confirmation of such purpose of the legislation based on the calculation of multiple legislative backgrounds cannot be appropriate means of achieving such purposes. This article confirms and reviews the development of revision of medical law and history of the principle of 'one person-one medical institution', and legislative purpose of the revised medical law as well as examines unconstitutionality of such revision based on limited fundamental rights by the revision, principle of clarity, and principle of the prohibition of excessive restriction.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.227-261
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• 2015

Cooperative associations are established in order to enhance the rights and the interests of their members and serve the local communities, and actually do much for the local society. And among these, consumer cooperatives are spontaneously founded, particularly in the spirit of mutual help, in order to promote the common welfare of the members. Meanwhile, because the current medical law qualifys noncommercial corporation to open medical institution, consumer cooperative and noncommercial- corporation cooperative which are established under the Cooperative Act have the right to do. However, though cooperative association should be founded for common interests of the members who are weaker parties of society, it became rapidly to be abused as means of circumvention of law. Especially as National Health Insurance Corporation stepped up the investigation and the collection of unfair profits against the hospital owned by non-medical personnel who are unable to establish a medical institution, setting up medical institutions as a roundabout way to avoid the restricts dramatically increased in number. In this study, we are going to introduce the current dualised normative system regulating the establishment of a medical cooperative association, and find a way to improve the system and make up for the week points. And we will look though the present situation about medical cooperative association's opening, operating, and closing, and review the normative and systematic improving plans.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.53
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• pp.251-277
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate ways to improve the effect of English-medium instruction (EMI) in Korean universities by comparing EMI lectures in two Korean universities with those in a Japanese university. Some universities run all courses in English while others do so for only part of them. This study comparatively investigated how EMI courses were run by these two groups of universities. For the purpose of this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with EMI instructors and students to find out what merits and problems that such EMI programs had in EFL environment of Korea and Japan. Another important goal was to correct problems and improve the Korean programs. The result showed that the most important issue of EMI programs in Korean universities was students' low English proficiency. It also demonstrated that English for Academic Purposes (EAP) was necessary to overcome this problem. It is a key to the success of MI programs. Hopefully, this study will stimulate continuous discussions on limitations and ways to improve EMI in Korean universities in various aspects.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.281-313
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• 2016

Our Constitution obliges the state to protect the health of the people, and the Medical Law, which embodied Constitution, sets out in detail the matters related to open the medical institution and one of them is to prohibit the operation of multiple medical institutions In the past, there was a provision stipulating the same purpose. But because the Supreme Court interpreted that several medical institutions could be opened if the medical treatment was not made at the additional medical instition which was opened in the another doctor,s license, multiple medical institutions could be opened and operated. However, some health care providers opened the several medical institutions to another doctor's license just by the excuse of the business management and then did illegal medical cares like the unfair luring of patients, overtreatment, and commition treatment for more profits. So, the health rights of the people came to be infringed on. Accordingly, lawmakers amended the Medical Law for medical personnel not to open and to operate more than one medical institution. As the amended medical law prohibited a medical personnel to open multiple medical institution, some medical personnels insisted that the amended medical law is unconstitutional under which they could not be able to open and operate medical institutions on based on free investment and bring out the benefits of network hospitals. But the regulation to prohibit multiple institutions does not apply only to a medical personnel. Many other experts like lawyer and pharmacist can open only one office under such a restriction. If the regulation goes out of force, the procedure that multiple medical institutions should be opened and operated in the capacity as a medical corporation or a non-profit corporation does not have to be followed. And we should keep in mind that the permission for medical personels to open multiple medical institutions could lead virtually to commercial hospital. If in the nation with a very low rate of public medical service, If only a few medical personnels with capital own many medical institutions and operate commercially them, this could cause a falling-off in quality of medical service, ultimately infringe on the health rights and the life right of the people.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.143-174
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• 2019

Our Constitution obliges the state to protect the health of the people, and the Medical Law, which embodied Constitution, sets out in detail the matters related to open the medical institution, and one of them is to prohibit the operation of multiple medical institutions. By the way, virtually multiple medical institutions could be opened and operated because the Supreme Court had interpreted that several medical institutions could be opened if medical activities were not performed directly at the additional medical institution which was opened under the another doctor's license. However, some health care providers opened the several medical institutions with another doctor's license for the purpose of the maximization of profit, and did illegal medical cares like the unfair luring of patients, over-treatment, and commission treatment. Also, realistic problems such as the infringed health rights have arisen. Accordingly, lawmakers had come to amend the Medical Law to readjust the system of opening for medical institution so that medical personnel could not open or operate more than one medical institution for any reason. For this reason, the Constitutional Court recently declared a constitutional decision through a long period of in-depth deliberation because the constitutional petition and the adjudication on the constitutionality of statutes had been filed on whether Article 33 paragraph 8 of the revised medical law is unconstitutional. The Constitutional Court acknowledged the "justice of purpose" in view of the importance of public medical institutions, of the prevention from seduction of for-profit patients and from over-treatment, and of the fact that health care should not be the object of commercial transactions. Given the risk that medical personnel might be subject to outside capital, the concern that the holder of the medical institution's opening certificate and the actual operator may be separated, the principle that the human body and life should not be just a means, and the current system's inability to identify over-treatment, it also acknowledged the 'minimum infringement'. Furthermore, The Constitutional Court judged it is constitutional in compliance with the principle of restricting fundamental rights, such as 'balance of legal interests'. In this regard, legislative complements are needed in order to effectively prevent the for-profit management and the over-treatment the Constitutional Court is concerned about. In this regard, consumer groups actively support the need for legislation, and health care providers groups also agree on the need for legislation. Therefore, the legislators should respect the recent Constitutional Court's decision and in the near future complete the complementary legislation to reflect the people's interests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.521-523
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 인터넷 기반의 전자 상거래에서 극소액 지불을 지원하고, 원격지에서의 계정 개설과 관리 등을 용이하게 할 수 있도록 지불인과 수취인을 쉽게 인증할 수 있는 인증이 강화된 전자 현금 모형의 지불 프로토콜을 개발하고, 프로토타입을 통해 그 효과성을 실험하였다. 또한 본 연구에서 개발하고자 하는 온라인 전자현금인 OnCash에서는 기존의 전자 현금인 Ecash나 Netcash와 마찬가지로 공개키 암호방식과 비밀키 암호방식을 이용하여 메시지 기밀성을 유지하고 전자 화폐의 이중사용을 방지하고, 적정한 수준의 익명성을 유지할 수 있도록 하였다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.38 no.10 s.377
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• pp.935-941
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• 2000

건강보험심사평가원이 파악한 전국의 치과병원 개수는 48개(대학의 치과병원, 국공립 치과병원 제외) 이중 올해 새로 개설신고한 치과병원이 16개에 이른다. 치과병원의 증가로 치과의사의 활로 개척 및 수련기회의 증가, 연계된 진료 및 질 높은 진료 가능 등 긍정적 측면도 있으나 과다한 시설투자로 인한 지나친 요금 청구, 주변 개원의와의 마찰, 과대광고의 가능성 등 문제점도 제기되고 있다. 이에 치과병원의 현황을 살펴보고 치과병원의 긍정적인 측면과 부정적인 측면 등을 살펴보도록 한다.