• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.101-108
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• 2010

It is estimated that the elderly will constitute 24.3% of the entire Korean population in 2030, when about 7,125,000 baby boomers reach retirement age. Therefore, this aging phenomenon might be the most urgent issue facing Korean society. The baby boom generation shows a strong tendency to dispose of existing residences or move into new housing after retirement, thereby exerting enormous impacts on social and economic sectors as well as the housing market. Against this backdrop, this study aims to identify both factors and patterns behind baby boomer retirees' post-retirement housing transfer trends. To this end, a survey is undertaken here with respect to those baby boomers living in Gangnam-gu and Seocho-gu with actual housing transfer plans in the foreseeable future, and who can act as a practical consumer group for the future housing market. This study verifies baby boomers' diverse preferences for housing type. Their preference for apartment houses still remains high in every situation, and this has significant implications for changed preferences of other housing types considering that most of the survey respondents currently reside in apartment houses. According to the survey, there are more than 80 kinds of baby boomers' housing transfer patterns, which demonstrates that more than half of the survey respondents pursue different housing mobility plans. When it comes to the factors behind their housing selection, the baby boom generation shows a strong preference for physical factors. However, environmental and psychological factors gain more momentum under unfavorable circumstances, while social factors play a decisive role in their housing selection in categories such as 'couple/deteriorating health' and 'single/healthy'.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.64-68
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• 2021

We demonstrate an effect of annealing temperature on imprinting process of BiLaO thin film for liquid crystal alignment. BiLaO prepared sol-gel process was deposited by spin coating on a glass substrate, and then transferred to a pre-fabricated aligned pattern which is fabricated on a silicon wafer by laser interference lithography. Thin film was annealed at different temperature of 100, 150, 200, and 250 ℃. From the polarized optical microscopy analysis, the liquid crystal orientation was not uniform at the annealing temperature of 200 ℃ or lower and the uniform liquid crystal alignment characteristics were confirmed at the annealing temperature of 250 ℃. From atomic force microscopy, the pattern was not transferred at a temperature of 200 ℃ or lower. In contrast, the pattern was transferred at 250 ℃. Anisotropy of the thin film was obtained by the alignment pattern transferred at a temperature of 250 ℃, and the liquid crystal molecules could be evenly oriented on the thin film. Therefore, it was confirmed that the liquid crystal alignment process by the imprinting process of the BiLaO oxide film was affected by the annealing temperature.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8147-8156
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• 2015

This study analyzes the Pattern Language of Insadong-gil in street environmental design analysis for street vitalization. The urban public spaces, such as pedestrian streets, parks and plazas, have been increased with rapid urbanization and industrialization. But the fact is the satisfied spaces with the behavior patterns of users is little. This is because of the too much slanted thought toward formal supply and management of spaces without enough consideration for people and spatial quality of public spaces. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors to make the street more vital and diverse and to give the characteristic of region through the research on Insadong street with the pattern language of Christopher Alexander. So, throughout the value recognition of the changing urban street environment that has been changed by age selected spatial characteristic of public spaces. By selecting a suitable pattern language for each spatial characteristics provide the basis for street environmental design analysis. For this study, look at the relationship between pattern language focused on Insadong street, pattern language as the vitalization factor of street were analyzed 16 elements, including Pedestrian Street(100), Building Fronts(122), Activity Nodes(30) etc. This study focuses on street environmental design analysis of Insadong-gil through the Pattern Language, it propose the criteria and guidelines that will help enable street vitalization.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.561-579
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• 2008

The population concentration in Seoul has caused the chronic housing shortage. Accordingly the new towns in the Capital region were developed to alleviate overcrowding conditions in Seoul. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes of migration and commuting patterns according to new town development in the Capital region for the period of $1995{\sim}2005$. Further this study examines the changes of self-sufficiency level for new towns using jobs to housing ratio. During the last 10 years, the migration pattern in the Capital region has been pretty much followed the new town development. Such a migration pattern has influenced the commuting patterns, expanding the Seoul Metropolitan Area into northeastern par of the Capital region. The result reveals that self-sufficiency levels of new towns have become higher over the period of $1995{\sim}2005$, indicating that new towns are gradually strengthening their economic functions and have potential to become new business centers in the future. Therefore, the policy focusing on the increase of the job-housing balance ratio and self-sufficient level in new towns will be a desirable policy alternative to solve the transportation problems in the Capital region.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

Data stream has the tendency to change in Patterns over time. Also known as concept drift, such problem can reduce the predictive performance of a classification model CVFDT and IOLIN tried to solve the problem of a concept drift through incremental classification model updates. The local changes in patterns. however was revealed to be unable to resolve the problems of local concept drift that occurs by influencing on total classification results. In this paper, we propose adapted IOLIN system that improves system's predictive performance by detecting the local concept drift. The experimental result shows that adaptive IOLIN, the Proposed method, is about 2.8% in accuracy better than IOLIN and about 11.2% in accuracy better than CVFDT.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3C
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• pp.77-82
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• 2005

Partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) detection using the Viterbi algorithm involves the calculation of likelihood metrics that determine the most likely sequence of decoded data. In general, it is assumed that branches at each node in the trellis diagram have same probabilities. If modulation code with minimum and maximum run-length constraints is used, the occurrence ratio (Ro) of each particular pattern is different, and therefore the assumption is not true. We present a calculation scheme of the likelihood metrics for the PRML detection using the occurrence ratio. In simulation, we have tested the two (1,7) run-length-limited codes and calculated the occurrence ratios as the orders of PR targets are changed. We can identify that the PRML detections using the occurrence ratio provide more than about 0.5dB gain compared to conventional PRML detections at 10/sup -5/ BER in high-density magnetic recording and optical recording channels.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.197-197
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 대기 순환패턴 및 수문 환경변화에 영향을 미치는 주요인자인 El Ni$\tilde{n}$o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)의 서로 다른 형태인 Warm-pool (WP) El Ni$\tilde{n}$o, Cold-tongue (CT) El Ni$\tilde{n}$o에 따른 한강유역의 봄철 (March~May)과 여름철 (June~August) 강수 및 유출의 특성을 분석하였다. 봄철 강수량의 경우, WP El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에 증가추세를 보이며, 강수의 변동특성 또한 크게 나타났다. 여름철 강수량의 경우, CT El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에는 평년보다 대체로 건조한 경향을 보이나, WP El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에는 유역 전체에서 습한 경향을 보였으며 강수의 변동성은 매우 작은 것으로 분석되었다. 봄철 유출량의 경우, CT El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기와 WP El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에 모두 평년치보다 크게 나타났으며, WP El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에 한강 남부 대부분 유역에서 유출량이 통계적으로 유의한 증가 경향을 보였다. 여름철 유출량의 경우, CT El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에는 대부분 유역에서 평년치보다 감소하나 수문 변량의 변동성은 큰 것으로 분석되었다. WP El Ni$\tilde{n}$o 시기에는 거의 모든 유역에서 유출이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 13개 중권역에서는 유출의 변동성이 작고 통계적으로 유의한 증가패턴이 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 서로 다른 두가지 형태의 El Ni$\tilde{n}$o패턴에 대하여 한강유역의 봄철과 여름철 수자원 변동성에 민감하게 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였으며 수자원의 효율적인 예측 및 관리와 안정적인 용수공급을 위한 수문기상인자와 수문자료간의 관계 규명에 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.339.2-339.2
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 Ti/Al/Ti 금속 배선의 Electro-Migration(EM) 현상을 분석했다. Van der Pauw, Greek Cross bridge, Straight line linear line bridge를 결합한 패턴을 제작하여, 온도 변화에 따른 EM의 발생 시간(Failure Time)을 측정했다. 측정 조건은 W/L=3.5/300 um 소자에 전류 밀도(current density)를 $J=10^4A/cm^2$로 고정하고, 온도를 300 K, 350 K, 400 K로 가변 시켰다. 측정된 Cumulative Failure의 50 % 되는 지점(Median Time To Failure; MTTF)은 각각 22.3시간, 18.46시간, 15.4시간으로 온도가 300 K에서 400 K로 증가함에 따라 MTTF가 6.9시간 감소했다. 이 결과를 통해 Black방정식에서 온도 변수가 $t_{50}$에 영향을 주는 것을 확인했다. 온도가 증가함에 따라 더 많은 전자들이 원자에 충돌하면서 운동량을 전달하고, 더 많은 원자들이 이주되면서 EM 발생 시간이 감소했다.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2003

실리콘 절연막은 반도체 및 디스플레이 소자의 gate 절연막과 보호막으로, 그리고 배선공정에서는 층간절연막(ILD, Inter Layer Dielectric)으로 사용하는데, 주로 IPCVD, PECVD, APCVD법에 의하여 증착되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 방법들은 반도체 소자의 고집적화가 진행됨에 따라 증착온도와 step coverage 및 물성 이 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결할 수 있는 원자층 증착(ALD, Atomic Layer Deposition)기술은 기판 표면에서의 self-limiting reaction을 통해 매우 얇은 박막을 형성할 수 있고, 두께 및 조성 제어를 정확히 할 수 있으며, 복잡한 형상의 기판에서도 우수한 step coverage를 얻을 수 있어 초미세패턴의 형성과 매우 얇은 두께에서 균일한 물리적, 전기적 특성이 요구되는 초미세 반도체 공정에 적합하다. 또 저온에서 증착이 가능해 유리를 기판으로 사용하는 TFT-LCD소자의 gate 절연막에 적용이 가능하다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2013

In this paper, chord progress pattern of popular music is analyzed, and based on this optimal chord pattern, bit matrix of melody information is used for the input vector of neural network. Experimental result showed that possibility of computer composition based on neural network is verified. With regard to some given melody, by making use of proposed method, it is also possible to reconstruct the various melody.