• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.241-247
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• 2010

철근부식은 해양 콘크리트 구조물의 내구성능을 저하시키는 가장 중요한 인자 중 하나이다. 본 논문은 해양환경에 노출된 콘크리트 구조물의 부식거동을 평가하기 위하여 매크로셀 센서 기법 중 하나인 anode-ladder-system의 적용성을 평가한 것이다. 해양환경으로부터 유입되는 염화물의 침투, 확산에 의한 철근부식 위험성에 노출되어 있는 철근콘크리트 구조물의 전위 및 전류를 측정하여 철근의 부식거동을 정성적으로 평가하였다. 부식 모니터링 센서는 평균 해수면으로부터 각각 3.7, 6.0 및 8.2 m 높이에 매설하였으며, 애노드 단자의 부식특성은 평균해수면의 거리에 따라 다르게 거동함을 확인하였다. 또, migration 실험을 통하여 콘크리트 강도와 확산거동과의 관계를 고찰하였다. 결론적으로, 해양 콘크리트 구조물의 부식을 방지 및 완화하기 위해서는 적절한 콘크리트 피복두께의 확보 및 초기 콘크리트의 품질 개선이 중요한 것으로 조사되었다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

Recently, capsule endoscope was developed to observe small intestine in human body. However, the capsule does not have any locomotive ability, which reduces the benefit of the capsule endoscope. Many researches have done to give locomotion to the capsule, still it consumes too much power to generate the motion by small battery. One of the moving method is electrical stimulus that consumes less power than many methods. The electrical stimulus method causes contraction in the small intestine, and it moves the capsule. Some of papers showed it is possible to guide the capsule by electrical stimulus, however the relationship between electrical stimulus at the mucous and contraction force in the small intestine is not reported, yet. In this paper, the mucous in the small intestine was stimulated, and measured the contraction force in the small intestine is shown. The result shows, the relationship between electrical stimulus parameters (voltage, duration) and contraction force. Also, equation between electrical stimulus parameters and contraction force is roughly induced.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2006

Acquired facial deformities following cancrum oris sequelae manifested variably according to the nature of tissue necrosis. In cases that tissue loss extends over a wide area of the face, or the tissue nature is different due to congenital facial cleft, it is difficult to reconstruct with a single operation. As cancrum oris has virtually disappeared from our country, clinical report of reconstruction is also rare. We report 5 cases of facial deformities following cancrum oris sequelae. Since 1988, five adult patients(4 female and 1 male) were treated by authors. These patients, with an age ranged from 47 to 58 years, all suffered from acquired facial cleft such as facial mutilation, asymmetry. The stages of operation were from 1 to maximum of 5 operations. All surgeries achieved satisfactory results after a long-term follow-up. But one surgery in the case of palatal mucosal flap for the coverage of reconstructed maxilla alveolar bone resulted tissue sloughness, followed by osteomyelitis. Those were debrided and discarded. In conclusion, all sites of deformities were positioned around one of the oral commissures. In their past medical history, they have been suffering from measles, typhoid fever and unknown febrile illness. We diagnosed the acquired facial deformity following cancrum oris sequelae. The reconstruction of acquired facial deformity following cancrum oris sequelae were difficult due to extensive multiple tissue defects. Therefore multiple staged operations were inevitable. The authors reconstructed 5 cases of simple and complex form of facial deformity with minimum staged operations. All patients were satisfied functionally and cosmetically.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2002

내본 논문에서는 뇌서지에 의해서 발생하는 컴퓨터를 비롯한 전자기기의 장해에 대한 보호대책을 제안하기 위해서내 국내의 뇌보호설비에 대한 규격과 지침에 대한 기술적인 문제점을 분석하였다. 인하도선의 설치방법에 따른 인하도선과 인입용 금속관을 통하여 흐르는 전류사이의 관계를 검토하였으며, 인하도선계에 미치는 표피효과의 영향을 평가하는 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 인하도선을 인입용 금속관에 전기적으로 접속한 때 인하도선과 금속관은 하나의 도체로 작용하며, 표피효과와 쵸킹효과 때문에 뇌격전류는 인하도선보다도 금속관을 통하여 훤씬 많은 전류가 흘렀다. 따라서 뇌격전류에 의한 인하도선의 전위상승으로 야기되는 정전유도와 측면방전 등의 악영향을 억제하기 위해서는 인하도선을 인입용 금속관과 건물의 철골 구조체에 전기적으로 접속하는 것이 매우 효과적이다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.444-453
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify critical indicators for the development of efficient patient classification system in a emergency room. Method: This study involved following five steps. Step 1. Selection of the lists direct nursing services in the ER. Step 2. Measurement of the time of direct nursing services from Aug. 31st to Nov. 30th, 2005. Step 3. Classification of the patients according to the nursing care time. Step 4. The determination the critical indicators for different patient classes. Result: Determinate indicators were as follow: 3 items in the first group (vital sign checking, IV route starting, blood sampling), 3 items in the second group (vital sign checking, fluid infusion, blood sampling), 9 items in the third group (I/O checking, $O_{2}$ inhalation, suction, fluid infusion, IV bolus, Central catheter preparation & management, blood sampling, intubation preparation & management, postmortem management), 7 items in the fourth group (EKG monitoring, BP monitoring, $O_{2}$ inhalation, fluid infusion, using the specific drugs, CPR, postmortem management). Conclusion: This study can help future studies which measure nursing services standard time or assigns value to emergency nursing services.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 1997

난지도 매립지는 주변에 오염차감시설을 설치하지 않은 불량매립지로서, 매립지내의 수위가 높고 지층의 심도가 높다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 층상대수층을 이루고 있는 난지도 매립지에서 정상상태의 지하수 흐름에 대한 용질의 이용을 HST-3D모형을 사용하여 해석하고, 용존오염물의 농도변화를 예측하였다. 모형의 적용 결과, 지하수의 흐름은 제1매립지와 제2매립지를 중심으로 방사상으로 진행되고 있으며, 한강으로 다량이 유출되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 난지도 매립지내의 용존물질 이송확산을 예측한 결과, 2년후 매립지 경계에서 총용존물질(TDS)의 상대농도는 하부의 풍화대에서 0.25, 하부충적층에서 0.26, 상부충적층에서 0.28로 나타나 현재의 0.29, 0.32. 0.35보다 작으므로 지속적인 기반암의 오염과 한강의 오염이 발생할 것으로 예측되었다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.92-105
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Daecheongryong-tang (DCRT) on the adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Methods: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated with adipogenic reagents by incubating for 2 days in the absence or presence of DCRT ranging 0.25 and 2%. The effect of DCRT on adipogenesis was examined by Oil red O staining, and the protein, RNA, and RT-PCR were measured. Results: Our results showed that DCRT decreased the TG content by ORO staining. To elucidate the mechanism of the effects of DCRT on lowering TG content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we examined the DCRT modulate expressions of transcription factors to induce adipogenesis and adipogenic genes which is related to the regulation of accumulation of lipids. As a result, the expression of SREBP1, C/$EBP{\beta}$, C/$EBP{\delta}$, C/$EBP{\alpha}$, and $PPAR{\gamma}$ genes, which induce the adipose differentiation and adipose-specific aP2, adipsin, LPL, CD36, TGF-${\beta}$ and adiponectin genes which regulates fat formations, were decreased. In addition, DCRT reduced the expression of iNOS and IL-6 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, resulting in inflammation. Conclusions: DCRT could regulate transcript factor related to induction of adipose differentiation, inhibit the accumulation of lipids and expression of the adipogenic genes.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.133-136
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• 2011

Background and Objectives : Previous jet ventilation is not becoming more common because of high price, making loud noise, and causing a movement of the vocal cords due to the jet stream. So we designed a new type of manually controlled jet ventilation using previous laryngoscope and introduced it's clinical application. Materials and Method : A prospective study involved 20 patients all having undergone surgical intervention under new type of manually controlled jet ventilation from June 2009 to January 2011. The prospective study was to assess the vital sign and operative and postoperative complications. Results : The Manually Controlled Jet Ventilation were performed in 20 patients. 50% of the patients have Post-located laryngeal lesion, 20% with tracheal stenosis, 20% with glottic cancer biopsy and laser cordectomy, 10% with postglottic stenosis. Conclusion : Manually Controlled Jet Ventilation (Manujet) can be used for airway surgery.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 1997

TiAl intermetallic compound was candidated for the application to the high temperature materials such as a gas turbine exhaust valve in the automobile. However, this material dose not have ductility allowing to machinability to product. To improve the ductility, many researches conduct alloy design and heat treatment methods. We observed that the microstructure of TiAl varied with Ni, Mn elements as well as a heat treatment condition. In the case of Ni element addition, the TiAlNi intermetallic compound was precipitated at the grain boundary. When the heat treatment temperature increased from $1000^{\circ}C$ to $1300^{\circ}C$, the TiAlNi intermetallic compound was uniformly dispersed on the matrix. In the case of Mn element addition, the mixed duplex structure of ${\gamma}$-TiAl and lamellar(TiAl/$Ti_3Al$) was obtained with $1250^{\circ}C$ and $1300^{\circ}C$ heat treatment for 1 hour. When the heat treatment temperature increased from $1250^{\circ}C$ to $1300^{\circ}C$, the lamellar domain of the duplex structure was transformed near-lamellar structure.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 MEMS 기반 3축 가속도 센서 모듈을 제작하여 성능 시험을 수행하였고, 지진 모니터링 시스템을 구성하였다. 3축 가속도 센서 모듈의 성능 향상을 위하여 데이터 수집장치를 24bit ADC (Analog to Digital Converter)가 내장된 NI-9239를 사용하였고, 잡음을 줄이기 위해 100Hz LPF (Low Pass Filter)를 통과시킨 데이터를 사용하였다. 또한 지진 모니터링 소프트웨어를 개발하여 구조물에 유의한 진동을 감지하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 진동을 감지하기 위한 방법으로 각 축의 가속도 크기 뿐만 아니라 3축 가속도의 벡터 합을 구하여 이 벡터 합이 미리 설정한 값을 초과할 때의 수치를 별도로 표시하고 이를 파일로 저장하는 알고리즘을 사용하였다.