• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.553-563
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• 2009

This study was conducted to analyze the changes in the echolocation of Pipistrellus abramus according to environmental characteristics. The survey was conducted in the day-roosting site of P. abramus located in Gyeongju City (North Gyeongsang Province) from April to August, 2009. The environmental characteristics during the research were classified in six categories: the emergence time after sunset moving time from day roost to feeding areas; rice fields; forest edges; open spaces; and residential areas. Analysis results showed that there are differences in environmental characteristics and also differences between the moving time to the habitat and the moving time to capture preys. At the emergence time from day roost, Pipistrellus abramus used a FM signal with a short pulse-duration. In open spaces, however, they used a CF signal with a long pulse-duration. In different environmental situations, they used both FM and CF signals, although the types of pulse which they used were different. Except pulse-duration, there were significant differences in pulse-interval, peak-frequency, starting-frequency and ending-frequency between the movement among habitats and the movement to capture preys. Except the emergence time from day-roost, they showed a narrow band FM signal and a long pulse-duration that are suitable to search for insects by sensing echoes of insects when they moved among their habitats. When they were out to capture their preys, they showed a broad band FM signal and a short pulse-duration which enabled them to widely search and accurately locate their preys.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 2014

This study evaluated the relative efficiency of mobile emission reduction countermeasures through a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and determined the priority of countermeasures based on the efficiency. Ten countermeasures currently applied for reducing greenhouse gases and air pollution materials were selected to make a scenario for evaluation. The reduction volumes of four air pollution materials(CO, HC, NOX, PM) and three greenhouse gases($CO_2$, $CH_4$, $N_2O$) for the year 2027, which is the last target year, were calculated by utilizing both a travel demand forecasting model and variable composite emission factors with respect to future travel patterns. To estimate the relative effectiveness of reduction countermeasures, this study performed a super-efficiency analysis among the Data Envelopment Analysis models. It was found that expanding the participation in self car-free day program was the most superior reduction measurement with 1.879 efficiency points, followed by expansion of exclusive bus lanes and promotion of CNG hybrid bus diffusion. The results of this study do not represent the absolute data for prioritizing reduction countermeasures for mobile greenhouse gases and air pollution materials. However, in terms of presenting the direction for establishing reduction countermeasures, this study may contribute to policy selection for mobile emission reduction measures and the establishment of systematic mid- and long-term reduction measures.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.180-188
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• 2002

Sand dollar, Astriclypeus manni (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) is widely distributed on subtidal sand flats all along the coast of Cheju Island. Limited information has been reported on their ecology despite their abundance. This study reports gut contents, density and locomotion of the sand dollars distributed on a subtidal sand flat on the north-east coast of Cheju Island. Microscopic examination of the gut contents indicated that A. manni feeds on inorganic and organic detritus as well as live organisms contained in the sediments. Inorganic particles included sand grains, sponge spicules and shells of benthic animals such as foraminifera, crustacean and molluscs. Mean diameter of sediment particles retained in the gut was $77.6\pm{22.2}\mu{m}$. Live organisms retained in the gut included foraminifera, harpacticoid copepods, nematodes, diatoms and unidentified egg. Spatial distribution pattern of the sand dollar was found to be random with a mean density of 0.4 individual $m^{-2}(\chi^2=85.16,\;p>0.05)$. Locomotion speed of the sand dollar measured in situ was 2.0 to 65.0 cm $hr^{-1}$. Locomotion speed and moving distance was somewhat higher in summer when food availability also higher.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 2019

Habitat loss by industrialization, urbanization, and poaching reduced the population of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetabus ussuricus) population in South Korea in the late 20^th Century. In the early 2000s, the Korean Government had begun a restoration project of Asiatic black bear. In 2017, a bear was found in Mt. Sudosan, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, approximately 80 km from Mt. Jirisan where the bear was first released. Genetic analysis confirmed that this bear was one of the Jirisan bear population, estimating that this bear escaped from its habitat. After trapping this bear in Mt. Sudosan, it was rereleased again in Mt. Jirisan, but this bear moved again to Mt. Sudosan. After 2^nd trapping and releasing, this bear came back to Mt. Sudosan. In Mt. Sudosan, this bear covered a greater distance and moved more as compared to other Asiatic black bear in Mt. Jirisan. Today, this bear has its home range within Mt. Sudosan area after the third release, estimating that this bear is stable and active in this area. Our findings are the first case showing the interesting pattern of repetitive disperse activities and habitat expansion of Asiatic black bear. The results of this case are valuable information that can be used for wildlife conservation and restoration of endangered wildlife.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2018

This experiment was conducted to investigate nutrient leaching and mobility through soil column for application of biochar pellet during rice cultivation. For nutrient leaching through soil column experiment, it was also consisted with four treatments as control, 100% of pig manure compost pellet (PMCP), biochar pellet (pig manure compost:biochar, 6:4)(BP), and slow release fertilizer (SRF). For experimental results, it was observed that $NH_4-N$ concentration in the leachate was gradually decreased at pick of 35 days and $NO_3-N$ concentration was highest from 60 to 98 days after transplanting. $PO_4-P$ concentration in the leachate was shown to be lowest in the PMCP and BP. K concentration in the leachate was highest in the control, but lowest in SRF. For mobility of nutrient in soil depths, it shown that $NH_4-N$ concentrations were highest from 40 to 60cm and did not significantly different among treatments except the control. It was observed that the deeper depth, the higher concentration for $NH_4-N$ concentrations, but for $PO_4-P$ concentrations the deeper depth, the lower concentration. And also $PO_4-P$ concentration was highest in the control. For K mobility in soil, its pattern was appeared to be approximately same between the control and PMCP, and between BP and SRF. Therefore, it might be potential to be applied biochar pellet to reduce mobility of plant nutrients for rice cultivation.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.66-77
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• 2006

In this paper, we researched the searching and tracking locations of a home resident using ON/OFF switches and sensors and designed a remote monitoring system. As an implementation environment, this system is developed on the base of the distributed object group framework we have developed from previous works. In order to trace the moving locations of a home resident, we firstly showed a home structure which attaches ON/OFF switches and sensors to home appliances and indoor facilities being fixed in home. Whenever a home resident opens/closes these objects, the signals operated from ON/OFF switches and sensors are sent to a home server system. In this time, the real locations of ON/OFF switches and sensors that the signals are being occurred must be the current location that he/she stays. A home server system provides the functionalities that map the real location of a resident in home to virtual location designed on remote desk-tops or terminals like PDAs, and that construct a healthcare database consisted of moving patterns, moving ranges, momentum for analyzing the given searching locations and times Finally, this system provides these information for remotely monitoring services.

• Journal of the Geological Society of Korea
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.615-630
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• 2018

Basin analysis is a research field to understand the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins. This task requires various geoscientific datasets as well as numerical and graphical modelling techniques to synthesize results dimensionally in time and space. For basin analysis and modelling in a comprehensive workflow, BasinVis 1.0 was released as a MATLAB-based program in 2016, and recently the software has been extended to BasinVis 2.0, with new functions and revised user-interface. As a case study, this work analyses the southern Vienna Basin and visualizes the sedimentation setting and subsidence evolution to introduce the basin modelling functions of BasinVis 2.0. This is a preliminary study for a basin-scale modelling of the Vienna Basin, together with our previous studies using BasinVis 1.0. In the study area, during the late Early Miocene, sedimentation and subsidence are significant along strike-slip and en-echelon listric normal faults. From the Middle Miocene onwards, however, subsidence decreases abruptly over the area and this situation continues until the Late Miocene. This is related to the development of the pull-apart system and corresponds to the episodic tectonic subsidence in strike-slip basins. The subsidence of the Middle Miocene is confined mainly to areas along the strike-slip faults, while, from the late Middle Miocene, the depocenter shifts to a depression along the N-S trending listric normal faults. This corresponds to the regional paleostress regime transitioning from NE-SW trending transtension to E-W trending extension. This study applies various functions and techniques to this case study, and the modelled results demonstrate that BasinVis 2.0 is effective and applicable to the basin modelling.

• 기호학연구
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• no.54
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• pp.177-203
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• 2018

On this study, we analyzed the movie With gods's narrative structure. This movie makes most people who has seen it feel deeply moved. We think that people can get deep feeling from a film at last after people who has seen the movie accept a context, story, and a message of the movie gladly. We focused on a special system in this movie With gods that can make give an ordinary message and big touch to people. Also we focused on every episodes of every space in a movie, and someone who moved freely between the spaces. A repetitive form and repetitive contents in a narrative become a special code itself -repetitiveness- for people and make them do auto-communication. Specifically, an information, the movie's repetitiveness, out of people become a special code for them, and then that make people bring memory and new information by themselves. Watching movie, people can look back up on life with every trial in the movie. In short, a repetitiveness and an auto-communication are a special system in the movie, that can make deeply touched.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2022

This study investigated through eye tracking what gaze path the audience searches through portal sites (Naver, Daum, Zoom, and Nate). As a result of the layout analysis according to the gaze path of the search engine, the four main pages, which can be called to be the gateway to information search, appeared in the form of a Z-shaped layout. The news and search pages of each site use an F-shape, which means that when people's eyes move from top to right in an F-shape, they read while moving their eyes from left to right(LTR), which sequentially moves to the bottom. As a result of analyzing through the heat map, gaze plot, and cluster, which are the visual analysis indicators of eye tracking, the concentration of eyes on the photo and head copy was found the most in the heat map, and it can be said to be of high interest in the information. The flow of gaze flows downward from the top left to the right, and it can be seen that the cluster is most concentrated at the top of the portal site. The website designer should focus on improving the accessibility and readability of the information desired by the user in the layout design, and periodic interface changes are required by investigating and analyzing the tendencies and behavioral patterns of the main users.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.609-618
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• 2021

The spread and damage of COVID-19 are putting significant pressure on the world, including Korea. Most countries place restrictions on movement and gathering to minimize contact between citizens and these policies have brought new changes to social patterns. This study generated traffic volume data on the scale of a road network using taxi movement data collected in the early stages of the COVID-19 third pandemic to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on movement patterns. After that, correlation analysis was performed with the data of confirmed cases in Daegu Metropolitan City and Local Moran's I was applied to analyze the effect of spatial characteristics. As a result, in terms of the overall road network, the number of confirmed cases showed a negative correlation with taxi driving and at least -0.615. It was confirmed that citizens' movement anxiety was reflected as the number of confirmed cases increased. The commercial and industrial areas in the center of the city confirmed the cold spot with a negative correlation and low-low local Mona's I. However, the road network around medical institutions such as hospitals and spaces with spatial characteristics such as residential complexes was high-high. In the future, this analysis could be used for preventive measures for policymakers due to COVID-19.