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Enzymatic Characterization of a Thermostable 4-α-Glucanotransferase from Thermotoga neapolitana (Thermotoga neapolitana 유래 내열성 4-알파-글루칸전이효소의 효소적 특성)

  • Choi, Kyoung-Hwa;Seo, Ja-Yeong;Kim, Ji-Eun;Cha, Jae-Ho
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.221-226
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    • 2011
  • The gene encoding 4-$\alpha$-glucanotransferase (mgtA) from Thermotoga neapolitana was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli in order to investigate whether this enzyme was capable of producing cycloamylose for industrial applications. MgtA was purified to homogeneity by HiTrap Q HP and Sephacryl S-200 HR column chromatographies. The size of the enzyme as determined by SDS-PAGE was about 52 kDa, which was in good agreement with its deduced molecular mass of 51.9 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH for the activity of the 4-$\alpha$-glucanotransferase was found to be $85^{\circ}C$ and 6.5, respectively. The enzyme hydrolyzed the 1,4-$\alpha$-glucosidic bonds in oligomeric 1,4-$\alpha$-glucans and transferred oligosaccharides (maltotriose being the shortest one) to acceptor maltodextrins. However, the enzymes had no activity against pullulan, glycogen, and other di- or trioligosaccharides with rare types of $\alpha$-bond. MgtA is distinguished from 4-$\alpha$-glucanotransferase from Thermotoga maritima in that it can convert maltotriose into maltooligosaccharides. The treatment of glucoamylase after the reaction of MgtA with maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, or maltohexaose as sole substrate revealed that MgtA yielded linear maltooligosaccharides instead of cycloamylose.

Enhanced Indoor Localization Scheme Based on Pedestrian Dead Reckoning and Kalman Filter Fusion with Smartphone Sensors (스마트폰 센서를 이용한 PDR과 칼만필터 기반 개선된 실내 위치 측위 기법)

  • Harun Jamil;Naeem Iqbal;Murad Ali Khan;Syed Shehryar Ali Naqvi;Do-Hyeun Kim
    • Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.101-108
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    • 2024
  • Indoor localization is a critical component for numerous applications, ranging from navigation in large buildings to emergency response. This paper presents an enhanced Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) scheme using smartphone sensors, integrating neural network-aided motion recognition, Kalman filter-based error correction, and multi-sensor data fusion. The proposed system leverages data from the accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, and barometer to accurately estimate a user's position and orientation. A neural network processes sensor data to classify motion modes and provide real-time adjustments to stride length and heading calculations. The Kalman filter further refines these estimates, reducing cumulative errors and drift. Experimental results, collected using a smartphone across various floors of University, demonstrate the scheme's ability to accurately track vertical movements and changes in heading direction. Comparative analyses show that the proposed CNN-LSTM model outperforms conventional CNN and Deep CNN models in angle prediction. Additionally, the integration of barometric pressure data enables precise floor level detection, enhancing the system's robustness in multi-story environments. Proposed comprehensive approach significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of indoor localization, making it viable for real-world applications.

A Study on Visual Identity of Korean Government (우리나라 행정부의 시각 정체성 연구)

  • Cho, Ju-Eun
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.19 no.2 s.64
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    • pp.261-272
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    • 2006
  • As we cannot think of our lives without a nation, it is closely related to almost every part of our daily lives. The role of government is becoming more important in the complex modern society as an essential element of national authority even though the government has indirect and secondary characteristics in its functional performance. Therefore, the government has to be efficient in planning and executing its policies, and it needs to be representative and fair as part of a national authoritative community. In the 21st century when symbolic and cultural importance of images are becoming more important, it is crucial for the government organizations to have an integrated identity design system that can satisfy both of these requirements of the government. However, the C.I.(Corporate Identity) of each Korean administrative branch has been developed separately and sporadically, which resulted in lack of consistency as part of the government. Shape and material of their C.I.s that follow short term design trend and popularity also lack uniqueness which can be distinguished from those of any private corporation. This may show that our government lacks systematic administrative capability, since image of a feature represents its characteristics and reality, and their recognition and evaluation from others become identity of the feature. In this perspective, the purpose of this thesis is to suggest an identity design system that has certain rules and regularity with wide variety of possible alterations for the central administration in Korea. In order to represent this visually, identity design system with both integrity and variety of possible alteration is created based on traditional Korean culture, especially the concept of Umyang-ohaeng and Samjae.

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Thermal Effects on the Development, Fecundity and Life Table Parameters of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Yardlong Bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.)) (갓끈동부콩에서 아카시아진딧물[Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae)]의 온도발육, 성충 수명과 산란 및 생명표분석)

  • Cho, Jum Rae;Kim, Jeong-Hwan;Choi, Byeong-Ryeol;Seo, Bo-Yoon;Kim, Kwang-Ho;Ji, Chang Woo;Park, Chang-Gyu;Ahn, Jeong Joon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.57 no.4
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    • pp.261-269
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    • 2018
  • The cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a polyphagous species with a worldwide distribution. We investigated the temperature effects on development periods of nymphs, and the longevity and fecundity of apterous female of A. craccivora. The study was conducted at six constant temperatures of 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, 25, 30.0, and $32.5^{\circ}C$. A. craccivora developed successfully from nymph to adult stage at all temperatures subjected. The developmental rate of A. craccivora increased as temperature increased. The lower developmental threshold (LT) and thermal constant (K) of A. craccivora nymph stage were estimated by linear regression as $5.3^{\circ}C$ and 128.4 degree-days (DD), respectively. Lower and higher threshold temperatures (TL, TH and TH-TL, respectively) were calculated by the Sharpe_Schoolfield_Ikemoto (SSI) model as $17.0^{\circ}C$, $34.6^{\circ}C$ and $17.5^{\circ}C$. Developmental completion of nymph stages was described using a three-parameter Weibull function. Life table parameters were estimated. The intrinsic rate of increase was highest at $25^{\circ}C$, while the net reproductive rate was highest at $20^{\circ}C$. Biological characteristics of A. craccivora populations from different geographic areas were discussed.