• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.295-303
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• 2015

Daewungbojeon hall of Magoksa temple is a korean traditional wood building well representing Joseon Dynasty architecture in the 17th century. The purpose of this study was to identify the wood species of 42 wooden elements collected from Pillar (Gidung), Head-penetrating tie (Changbang), Pyeongbang, Angle rafter (Chunyeo), End-angle rafter (Sarae) and Hwalju. According to the microscopical investigation, Pillar, Head-penetrating tie, Pyeongbang and Hwalju were identified as domestic hard pine species. However, Chunyeo were identified as either Zelkova serrata Makino or Gingko biloba L. and Sarae as exotic hard pine species. It might be related to the high replace rate of wood elements for the roof. Especially, exotic hard pine species seem to be replaced in recent years when Daewungbojeon hall was repaired.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2016

New tree wound-treatment formulations (WTF) were developed in this study. Stimulating effects of plant growth regulating substance on callus formation were evaluated in vivo twig disc culture of Zelkova serrata, Ziziphus jujuba, Pinus densiflora, Ginkgo biloba. and Aesculus turbinata. Based on the evaluation, WTF were prepared with 2,4-D, NAA, and IBA using xanthan gum as an extending agent. WTF were pasted on $2{\times}10cm$ artificial wound on the stem and the effects were evaluated 12 weeks later with the thickness of new callus-tissues. The effects varied with tree species and the growth regulators. In Z. serrata and A. turbinata, 2 mg/L of 2,4-D was the best WTF. In P. koraiensis and G. biloba, 8 mg/L of NAA and 1 mg/L of IBA were the best, respectively. Callus formation was quite lower in G. biloba compared to other species. Stimulating effect of thiophanate-methyl paste was excellent only in Z. serrata and lower than certain WTF in other species. Vaseline, which was used generally as an WTF, remained longer on the wound and causing decay. From the results, it could be recommended that 2,4-D, NAA and IBA were the best WTF for Z. serrata/A. turbinata, P. koraiensis and G. biloba, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.750-762
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• 2019

The importance of the call center as a contact point for the enterprise is growing. However, call centers have difficulty with their operating agents due to the agents' lack of knowledge and owing to frequent agent turnover due to downturns in the business, which causes deterioration in the quality of customer service. Therefore, through an N-bank call center case study, we developed a system to reduce the burden of keeping up business knowledge and to improve customer service quality. It is a "real-time agent advisor" system that provides agents with answers to customer questions in real time by combining AI technology for speech recognition, natural language processing, and questions & answers for existing call center information systems, such as a private branch exchange (PBX) and computer telephony integration (CTI). As a result of the case study, we confirmed that the speech recognition system for real-time call analysis and the corpus construction method improves the natural speech processing performance of the query response system. Especially with name entity recognition (NER), the accuracy of the corpus learning improved by 31%. Also, after applying the agent advisor system, the positive feedback rate of agents about the answers from the agent advisor was 93.1%, which proved the system is helpful to the agents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.131-144
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• 1995

To determine the structure of chromosome and to identify the sex chromosome of Ginkgo biloba and G. biloba var. fastigiata, the samples were obtained from root tips of trees growing in seven different provinences. The results are as follows. The basic number of somatic chromosomes was 2n=24. The range of a relative length of long chromosome was between $14.88{\sim}11.18{\mu}m$ and that of short chromosome was $8.11{\sim}6.24{\mu}m$. The chromosome sets were composed with one long pairs of m type and 11 short pairs of sm or st type. These short pairs showed the continuous descending in length. There was a satellite on the short arm of the Longest chromosome pair, and were satellites of the one or both long arm of 7th or 8th chromosome pair which were sm or st type, or the shortest st type chromosome pair. Sometimes, a satellite on the short arm of the longest chromosome pairs of Ginkgo biloba was double satellite, but that of G. biloba var. fastigiata was not. Karyotype was $2n=24=2^{2s}A^m+2B^{st\;or\;sm}+2C^{st}+2D^{st}+2E^{st}+2F^{st\;or\;sm}+2G^{sm}+2^{2s}H^{sm}\;or\;(^{1s}H^{sm}+H^{sm})+2I^{st}+2J^{st}+2K^{st}+2^{2s}L^{st}\;or\;(^{1s}L^{st}+L^{st})$. The male and female trees were not apparently distinguished by the chromsome structures. However the differences between the satellites could be used to identify the male and females. The male tree has double satellite on short arm of a longest chromosome pairs and females' has not. Also female trees have a satellite on a short chromosome more frequently than male trees.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.619-624
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• 1992

Tn5 lac 삽입으로 채소입고병원균에 길항력이 약화된 T-67 및 고추역병균과 참깨역병균에 길항력이 약화된 T-81의 Tn5 lac 유전자 일부와 오른쪽 말단에 있는 길항관련 유전자의 flanking sequence가 cloning된 pAG67 및 pAG81 clone을 선발하였고, pAG67 및 pAG81 clone된 길항관련 유전자의 flanking sequence를 야생 길항균 Pseudomonas maltophilia B-14의 DNA를 probe로 사용하여 Southern hybridization으로 확인하였으며, 제한효소 지도를 작성하여 8Kb 및 4Kb 크기의 flanking sequence가 cloning되었음을 확인하였다. pAG6 및 pAG81의 flanking sequence를 EcoRi-BglII와 EcoRI-MpaI으로 분리하여 유전자 은행으로부터 길항관련 유전자가 cloning된 cosmid clone 7개주를 선발하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.439-442
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• 2001

선로상에 열차의 은행에 지장을 주는 장애물들 검지하였을 때 반대편 열차에 알리거나 열차내의 긴급한 상황이 발생하였을 경우에 대비하여 열차와 지상의 사령과는 항상 열차무선을 통하여 정보를 교환한다. 초창기에 사용하는 열차무선시스템은 열차의 운행빈도나 사용자의 측면에서 아날로그방식의 음성통화로 충분한 서비스를 제공할 수 있었으나, 근래에는 고밀도의 열차운행 및 고속화로 다수의 사용자가 요구하는 서비스를 충족하기에는 많은 개량할 부분을 가지고 있다. 통신기술의 발전과 더불어 한국의 고속철도에서 사용예정인 열차무선시스템은 이러한 사용자들의 요구를 충족하기 위해 통신망의 개념을 도입하고 디지털의 TRS 시스템을 이용하여 많은 사용자의 요구를 충족하려고 노력하고 있다. 또한, 유럽에서 여러 국가를 횡단하는 고속열차의 경우 열차무선시스템에서 횡단하는 국가들간의 호환성을 극복해야하는 문제 등을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 VHF방식의 개량할 점과 TRS시스템의 특징 및 유럽에서 사용중인 열차무선시스템의 운영방법 등을 통하여 열차무선의 발전방향을 제시하고자한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-99
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• 1990

In this thesis, according to the kinds of tzeam in the main materials of fish, vegetable and etc was to analysis reference frequency to them the materials, the measuring unit of materials, the terms of cooking by 49 books published in Korea from 1670 to 1987. 1. It was 69 kinds of tzeam in the main materials of fish vegetables and etc. 2. Materials were classified into the main-materials, sub-materials, seasioning and decorations. 3. There were 42 kinds of measuring units, of them 16 kinds were for volume, 16 kinds were for quantity, 2 kinds were for length and the rest measuring units were 8 kinds. 4. There were 22 kinds of cooking terms. The terms of them, 15 kinds were for heating methods, 7 terms of them were for the cutting process.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2020

최근 지구온난화로 인한 기후변화로 인해 지리적 분포가 한정적인 한반도 구과식물들은 점점 서식지 내 생육에 위협을 받고 있다. 이러한 구과식물의 지속이용가능한 보전을 위해서는 각 종별 형질 특성 및 분포, 생육정보 등의 기초정보 구축이 필요할 것이다. 구과식물(Pinidae, Conifers)은 전 세계적으로 나자식물(Gymnosperms)의 3/5정도인 630여분류군이 분포하는 것으로 알려져 있다(Farjon, 2008). 은행나무나 소철나무류 등 다른 나자식물과 비교하여 여러 복잡한 구조로 이루어진 구과(웅성, 자성 구과)를 형성하고, 잎은 대부분 바늘형으로 단순하며, 상록성인 특징 등으로 구분된다. 우리나라에 분포 및 식재되고 있는 나자식물 중 은행나무와 소철나무를 제외한 모든 나자식물이 구과식물에 속한다. 구과식물이 전 세계적으로 넓은 분포역을 갖지만, 종별로는 제한적인 분포를 갖는 것들이 많이 나타난다. 우리나라에 자생하는 구과식물 대부분도 동북아시아에만 분포하는 종들이 대다수이다. 한반도 구과식물은 총 5과 12속 23종 5변종 총 28분류군으로 확인되었다. 소나무과는 5속 12분류군으로 구상나무와 분비나무의 형태적 중복형질이 확인되었으며, 측백나무과는 3속 9분류군으로 눈향나무를 변종에서 종 수준으로 적용하였고, 어청도에서 해변노간주의 분포를 확인하였다. 개비자나무과는 1속 3분류군으로 수형에 따라 큰개비자나무, 눈개비자나무, 개비자나무로 구분하였다. 주목과는 비자나무속을 포함하여 2속 3분류군으로 설악눈주목에 대한 세부적인 분류학적 재검토가 필요할 것으로 판단한다. 나한송과는 1속 1분류군으로 신안군 가거도에서 나한송의 자생지를 확인하였다. 구상나무와 분비나무의 형태적 구분형질이 모호함에 따라 집단별 유전정보 분석을 통한 계통지리학적 연구를 수행하였다. 분석을 통해 구상나무는 빙하기에 북부지역의 조상종이 남하하여 분화되고, 후빙기에 중부지역까지 분포확장이 이루어진 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.486-498
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the species of 82 furniture in the late Choseon Dynasty (mainly, 19th century), which are housed in the Seoul Museum of History. Total of 22 species were found. The species shared 43% as hard pine(Diploxylon), 9% as Zelkova serrata Makino, 7% as Paulownia spp., 7% as Tilia spp., 6% as soft pine(Haploxylon), 5% as Ginkgo biloba Linn., 4% as Cedrela sinensis A. Juss., 3% as Diospyros spp., 3% as Abies spp., 2% as Alnus spp., 2% as Picea spp., 1% as bamboo, 1% as Populus spp., 1% as Betula spp., 1% as Juglans spp. The other minor ones were Torreya nucifera Sieb. et Zucc., Pyrus spp., Castanea spp., Ulmus spp. and Kalopanax oictuse (Thunb.) Nakai. Thirty seven furniture (45% in total) was made of single species, 19 (23%) of two species, 16 (20%) of three species and 10(12%) of 4 to 6 species. For frames and panels, hard and strong woods, such as hard pines, Zelkova and Cedrela, were used. For drawer, however, light woods having low shrinkage, such as Paulownia and Tilia, were used. The origin of woods could be specified by the habitats of the species identified. Both Hwanghaedo- and Parkcheon- Chests used basswood (Tilia), which grow in the cold regions, indicating the origin of woods as North Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-75
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• 1990

The tzeam is the one of steaming cook that boiled the main material of poultry. meat and the sub-material of vegetables. It is always setted on the main-table in above seven chup ban sang and also kyoja sang. In this thesis, according to the kinds of tzeam in the main material of poultry, meat was to analysis reference frequency to them the materials, the measuring unit of materials, the terms of cooking and kitchen utensil by 47 books published in Korea from 1420 to 1987. 1. It was 37 kinds of tzeam in the main material of poultry, meat. 2. Materials were classified into the main-material, sub-materials, seasioning and decorations. 3. There were 43 kinds of measuring units, of them 18 kinds were for volume, 12 kinds were for quantity, 4 kinds were for length and the rest measuring units were 9 kinds. 4. There were 26 kinds of kitchen utensil for cooking. They were mainly used a hab 1 rice ball with lids, and castles (cast iron castle). 5. There were 27 kinds of cooking terms. The terms of them, 11 kinds were for heating methods, 16 terms of them were for the cutting process.