• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.359-367
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was to identify the changes of body fat, blood pressure, blood glucose and serum lipid of middle and old aged women after participation in exercise program which includes aerobic(dance sports) and anaerobic(dumbbell gymnastics) exercises. Methods: One hundred women aged from 55 to 72 were surveyed before and after an exercise program. The exercise program was provided to the subjects performed during 6 months from July, 2007 to December, 2007 at a public health subcenter in Gumi City. Questionnaire survey for general characteristics, anthropometric measurement and blood test were taken before starting the program and anthropometric measurement and blood test after completing the program. Results: Body Weight, body fat and blood pressure showed significant change after the exercise program(p<0.05). Additionally in total glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride significant change was observed(p>0.05). Waite circumference decreased, however did not show statistically significant difference. Conclusions: It was effective to participate in dance sports and dumbbell gymnastics exercise regularly. All of the positive changes through the study showed that there should be the program for middle and old aged women to exercise actively and also the middle and old aged women need have a active exercise habits as regular as possible. Additional studies confirming the results of this study are needed to compare the effects of the dance sports and dumbbell gymnastics exercise on the other age groups.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2001

This study aims to compare and analyze the environment of natural parks and Ulleung island using the plant taxa classified by five degrees based on their distributional ranges. The scores differentially given based on the importance of each degree; taxa belonging to the fifth degree are given to 20 scores each, fourth 10, third 5, second 3.3, and first 2.5, respectively. The total assessed scores were ranked as Mt. Halla, Seorak, Jiri, Deokyu, Is. Ulleung, Mt. Sobaek, Odae, Palgong, Chink, Taebaek, Songni, Juwang, Gaya, Duryun, Gaeryong, Bukhan, Naebyeon, Worak, Naejang, Cheongryang, Naeyeon, Myeongii, Jokye, Mudeung, Wolchul, Geumo, Juheul, Biseul, Hwangmae, Jangan, Seonun, Moak, Seonam, Chilgap, and Gibaek, in order, respectively. It is suggested that the natural environments assessing more than 1,000 of total scores such as Mt. Halla and Mt. Deokyu are regarded as the most excellent ones, and those between 700 to 1,000 of total scores such as Is. Ulleung and Mt. Odae are regarded as relatively excellent ones. Natural parks scored between 500 to 700 such as Mt. Palgong and Mt. Gaya are regarded as good ones and parks scored between 300 to 500 such as Mt. Duryun and Mt. Mudeung are regarded as normal ones. The area assessed less than 300 of total scores such as Mt. Wolchul and Mt. Gibaek are regarded as the most inferior ones. The total scores of the national parks are generally higher than those of the provincial and county parks. In addition, Ulleung island has a total of 882.9 scores. Therefore, according to the IUCN the Ulleung island should be included in the criterion of the preservative model of natural ecosystem, suggested by Ministry of Environment. At the same time, Ulleung island should be included to the superior model of natural scenery resources by its uniqueness of topography, geography and natural environments. Ulleung island is assessed as having relatively excellent natural environments as compared with other national parks, suggesting that the island should be designated as a new national park.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.64-81
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• 2015

The Treasure No.165 of Ojukhen is a separate house(別堂) which was still remained as a gentry house in the earliest day. The formative aspects have the important meaning as the history of Korean architecture. Specially the place is famous for Shin, Saim-dang(申師任堂) gave birth to Yulgok(栗谷) Yi, I(李珥). The house was built by one's family of Gangneung Choi clan(江陵崔氏) but Son-in-law inherited the house because there was the practice of inheritance by equal distribution and the mother of Shin, Saim-dang, Yongin Lee clan(龍仁李氏) inherited Gwon, Cheo-kyun(權處均) who was her hrandson under the condition of looking after the tomb. The reason why house name was Ojukhen is that Gwon, Cheo-kyun's another name is Ojukhen. Ojukhen is cultural properties which showed the change of practicing inheritance and ancestral rites. Ojukhen has the special relationship of one's grandson and did not have such of immediate family. This is because there were customs husband had to go to married woman's house and live there during short time. Yongin Lee clan and Shin, Saimdang has lived in the Ojukhen. Yongin Lee clan lived there after marrying. Shin Saimdang also spent a time of living her house after marrying and his son(Yi, I) was born in the place. Yi, I spent their time under Yongin Lee clan and one's mother's parents. Therefore he had a good relationship with his maternal grandmother. This is why his maternal grandmother became a descendant offering sacrifice to his ancestors. The reason why Gwon, Chen-kyun looked after the tomb of Yongin Lee clan was also Gwon, Hwa(權和) became sonin-law who lives with his wife's family. Ojukhen is the showcase of finding the marriage and living manage in the early Joseon Dynasty. The most village of Buk-Pyeong(北坪村) in the Gangneung called by Yi, I's one's mother's parents' home. Since after, the place was changed as the clan village immediate family of Andong Kwang clan(安東權氏) of Gwon, Cheokyun of Chumilgong family(樞密公派). After 17C, there were social historic changings focused on relative group. Ojukhen was the start of changing the clan village. Ojukhen is cultural properties which showed inheritance, relative, marriage in the turning point of Joseon Dynasty.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.62-79
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• 2019

This study examined the background of Gyeongju Seochulji Pond (world heritage, historic site No. 138), a historic pond in Sam-guk-yu-sa (三國遺事), and its landscaping period when it served as the garden of the Pungcheon Lim clan (豊川 任氏) in the middle of the Joseon dynasty. For this study, a literature review of poetry, prose, and a personal anthology, and a field survey were conducted. Changes in the landscape were analyzed by comparing the landscape appearing in the literature of the Joseon period with past photographs. The results were as follows: First, even though the function and landscape at that time cannot be guessed as the objective ground from Silla to the early part of the Joseon dynasty is insufficient, it has been managed as a Byeolseo (別墅) garden as Pungcheon Lim's family resided in the area of Eastern-Namsan Mountain during the Joseon dynasty. At that time, Seochulji Pond was recognized as a historic place. It functioned as the garden of Pungcheon Lim's family as Lim Jeok (任勣, 1612~1672) built the Yiyodang pavilion (二樂堂). Second, in the literature, the Yiyodang pavilion has been called Gaekdang (客堂), Jeongsa (精舍), Byeolgak (別閣) and Byeolseo, etc. It can be seen as Nu and Jeong (樓亭), utilized for various uses. Because of this, the name Bingheoru Pavilion (憑虛樓) has mostly been in common use. Third, Seochulji Pond was positioned where the scenery is beautiful, with Gyeongju Mt. Namsan (Mt. Geumo) in the background and with a wide field and the Namcheon River flowing in the front. This was typical of Byeolseo gardens of the Joseon dynasty, combining human environments with natural environments. Fourth, the relationship with the Byeolseo garden disappeared as the head of Pungcheon Lim's family added a temple, lotus flowers, pine trees, and a bamboo forest as described in the old poetry and prose. Currently, the landscape does not appear to be significantly different from that as development has not occurred in the area of Seochulji Pond. Also, crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica), which now symbolizes the Seochulji Pond, was not identified in the old poetry or past photographs and is not old enough to confirm whether it was prominent at the time. Through this study, it is necessary to reconsider the spatial meanings of the gardens of the Joseon dynasty period and not to highlight the area of Seochulji Pond as a place in the legend. This is a cultural asset in the area of Eastern-Namsan Mountain and has an important meaning in terms of garden history.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.56-65
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• 2019

This study examined effects of 12 weeks of body weight based combined exercise training (resistance training for 30 min, aerobic training for 30min) on body composition (% body fat, lean body mass, fat mass and BMI (body mass index)) and cardiovascular factors (ankle-brachial index (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)) in elderly women. A total of 32 subjects participated in this study, and were randomly divided into either exercise group (n = 16, EG) or control group (n = 16, CG). All variables at pre-test were analyzed by independent t-test for baseline test, and all data post the study period were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA with contrast testing (α = 0.05). Our results indicate that body composition (% body fat, lean body mass, fat mass and BMI) in both EG and CG do not differ significantly. However, the right and left sides of baPWV in EG was significantly reduced, as compared to CG. Taken together, these results indicate that combined exercise training for 12 weeks positively influences the cardiovascular factors, and may prevent cardiovascular diseases in elderly females (over 65 years), thereby resulting in increased quality of life for the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.18 no.4 s.31
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• pp.101-119
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• 2005

금원사대가적태두류완소(金元四大家的泰斗劉完素), 1110년생어하북성하간현(年生於河北省河間縣), 졸어(卒於)1200년(年), 향년(享年)90세(歲). 타통과연구(他通過硏究)${\ulcorner}$황제내경(黃帝內經)${\lrcorner}$화(和)${\ulcorner}$상한론(傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$, 저술료(著述了)${\ulcorner}$소문현기원병식(素問玄機原病式)${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}$황제소문선명론방(黃帝素問宣明論方)${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}$소문병기기의보명집(素問病機氣宜保命集)${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}$상한표본심법류췌(傷寒標本心法類萃)${\lrcorner}$, ${\ulcorner}$상한직격론(傷寒直格論)${\lrcorner}$등저작(等著作). 령외, 응용운기대이론진행연구(應用運氣對理論進行硏究), 주장(主張)‘화열론(火熱論)’, 제출이한량약물치료질병적방법, 사금원시대재의학상(使金元時代在醫學上), 형성료백가쟁명적국면(形成了百家爭鳴的局面). 필자통과대류완소적방제학설급임상경험적연구(筆者通過對劉完素的方劑學說及臨床經驗的硏究), 득출여하결론(得出如下結論): 재방제학설상(在方劑學說上), ${\ulcorner}$황제소문선명론방(黃帝素問宣明論方)${\lrcorner}$중(中), 기사용적(其使用的)${\ulcorner}$상한론(傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$화각가급기제자문운용방제(和各家及其弟子們運用方劑), 공포괄(共包括)366개(個). 대부분주장료이용신고적한약(大部分主張了利用辛苦的寒藥), 래개통울결(來開通鬱結), 조습제열(操濕除熱). ‘상복보양(常服保養)’시인위여기소거주적중국북방(是因爲與其所居住的中國北方), 기후건조(氣候乾操), 인문다식습성강(人們多食濕性强), 차교표한적식물(且較標悍的食物), 소이유사인체장위비조적경향(所以有使人體腸胃秘操的傾向). ${\ulcorner}$황제소문선명론방(黃帝素問宣明論方)${\lrcorner}$적(的)366개방중(個方中), 유산제(有散劑)126개(個), 탕제(湯劑)87개(個), 기중(其中), 지유(只有)18개방가칭지위진정적탕제, 기여도접근위자산(其餘都接近爲煮散). ${\ulcorner}$황제소문선명론방(黃帝素問宣明論方)${\lrcorner}$중소나열적주요방제유(中所羅列的主要方劑有)‘방풍통성산(防風通聖散)’, ‘삼화신우환(三花神佑丸)’, ‘쌍해산(雙解散)’, ‘삼일승기탕(三一承氣湯)’, ‘대금화환(大金花丸)’, ‘익원산(益元散)’, ‘대건중탕(大建中湯)’, ‘당귀룡담환(當歸龍膽丸)’, ‘비방다주조산(秘方茶酒調散)’, ‘계령감로산(桂零甘露散)’, ‘천궁석고탕(川弓石膏湯)’, ‘전성산(全聖散)’, ‘지유탕(地楡湯)’, ‘인참산(人參散)’, ‘작약탕(芍藥湯)’, ‘내통황연탕(內統黃連湯)’, ‘신궁환(神芎丸)’, ‘도환산(倒換散)’등(等). 재임상경험상(在臨床經驗上), 류씨유풍부치료경험(劉氏有豊富治療經驗), 단시유감적시몰유전하일부관우의안방면적저작(但是遺憾的是沒有傳下一部關于醫案方面的著作). 재질병적치료상(在疾病的治療上), 가간출기유독창적견해(可看出其有獨創的見解), 저일점도견우(這一點都見于)${\ulcorner}$소문현기원병식(素問玄機原病式)${\lrcorner}$등이론저작(等理論著作), 우기산견어(尤其散見於)${\ulcorner}$황제소문선명론방(黃帝素問宣明論方)${\lrcorner}$중(中).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.848-859
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• 2020

This study selected 42 domestic preceded literatures that applied exercise programs to the elderly for the past 10 years from 2010 to the first half of 2020 to analyze the characteristics of preceded research, applied period of exercise programs, configuration of exercise programs, and effectiveness of exercise programs on elderly depression, and the conclusion is as follows. First, the majority of the subjects were female and male/female elderly people in the preceding literature, and it appeared that there were no male subjects alone for any of the studies showed. The majority of the ages were over 65 years old, and the number of subjects was 50 or less. In the group, preceded research with exercise/control groups was mostly predominant, and the participated institutions and regions accounted for the majority of the residential area/public institutions and sanatorium. Second, the period of the exercise program was mostly applied for more than 12 weeks, and the frequency of exercise per week was 1-2 times and 3-4 times. Most of the preceding literature was applied with a 60-minute exercise program during the one-time exercise period. Third, most of the contents of the exercise program consisted of a aerobic exercise alone and combination of aerobic·anaerobic exercise. Fourth, it was confirmed that the effects of exercise programs were effective in physical fitness factors as well as in depression and cognitive function.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to promote health in middle-aged Koreans (40-59 years old) by understanding health behaviors that affect high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level among various health behaviors. In a national health and nutrition survey, raw data combined on a total of 7,406 persons, IV-3 (2009), V-1 (2010), V-2 (2011), V-3 (2012), and VI-1 (2013), were selected as the final analysis subjects. HDL cholesterol was divided into two groups: less than 40 mg/dl and more than 40 mg/dl. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis were as follows: OR=3.916 for males, OR=3.439 for normal than low weight, OR=7.336 for obesity than low weight, OR=1.629 for alcohol consumption, OR=1.498 for smokers, OR=1.426 for don't practice moderate physical activity, OR=1.264 for no walking exercise, OR=1.510 for carbohydrates normal intake than low intake, OR 1.787 for carbohydrates over intake than low intake when HDL cholesterol increased from 40 mg/dl to less than 40 mg/dl. Korean middle-aged high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels should be increased to maintain proper health through aerobic exercise, smoking cessation, proper drinking habits, obesity relief, healthy eating out, and healthy food choices. This requires continuous publicity and education within the community, and a social environment should be built that enables health behavior to be practiced in daily life.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.26
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• pp.55-75
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• 2007

Sijo is the essence of Korean literature and the most ideal poetic form through which we can express our images gracefully in three lines. Hence it deserves special emphasis either in creative writing and appreciating it from elementary school to middle school. In this paper observes how Sijo is taught in the schools and suggests the direction of educating Sijo. There may be three kinds of Sijo performance, namely, recitation, reading, and singing. In this paper. it is claimed that the performance of Sijo in the twenty first century should be recitation. Sijo education may be effective when it focuses on a way of recitation in which, with natural and long breath, a piece of Sijo is recited at length. Nevertheless, it is not practiced as the way of recitation because of following two reasons. Firstly. the analysis on rhythm, which is on the base of its recitation, is extremely difficult. Secondly, the theoretical ways, which is obsolete and lacks vividness, are ineffective in education. By these reasons. 1 studied how to give a recitation following my preceding studies on rhythm and rhythmical reading of Sijo. As a result, this paper suggests a reading method as a solution to the problems. In fact, we Korean can discipline our mind and body through reciting Sijo to the rhythm which is transcendental to Korean and at the same time, Sijo education helps to enhance our pride as koreans in the process of studying Sijo.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2016

The landscape of the current fitness trackers is not only limited to the aerobic exercises but also the weight training is comparatively excluded. Recently, a few weight training fitness tracker was released, human-computer interaction was not well designed due to the lack of considering the context. Because body movement would be intense while doing exercises, having exercise performers hold or operate a device makes a negative experience. As the wearable device is always inseparable to body, it could provide effective feedback because holding or operating a device is not necessary. Therefore, this study aims to make the exercise performers feel a natural feedback through the wearable device to do effective exercises. As a result, this study identified three findings. First, the information which exercise performers most needed was 'during exercise.' and the most necessary information for exercise performers through wearable device's sensory feedback was about 'pace control' with counting and motivation. Second, the order of the most preferred presentation type of sensory feedback was auditory feedback, haptic feedback and visual feedback. Third, the satisfaction, utility, usefulness score of sensory feedback as same as the personal trainer's feedback. In conclusion, this study illustrated the feedback design implications using a wearable device while doing weight training and the possibilities that wearable device could be substitute for personal trainer.