• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.136-141
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• 2016

In the present study, the distribution of glass particles inside 10 patrol cars of Chungnam Province has been studied. The target seats were front seats (driver’s seat, passenger’s seat) and the back seat. The target areas were the bottom of the seat (seat contacting buttocks, back of the seat, and the corner of the seat (the bottom and back attached part)). The target areas were tape lifted with an adhesive tape. The glass particles adhering to the adhesive tape were examined and counted under a stereomicroscope. The total number of glass particles found was 679. Among them, 471 (driver’s seat 293, passenger seat 178) were collected from front seats, which are usually occupied by police officers. The majority of glass particles were under 0.49 mm size. The results show that the majority of glass particles can be found on the front seats, rather than on the back seat. There is a high probability that glass particles found on the front seat adhere to police officers, so that to get further transferred to the convict upon physical contact (secondary transfer). Thus, there is a risk of misinterpretation of the value of glass evidence in the course of forensic examinations. Hence, a separate method to prevent cross contamination has to be prepared by police authorities as soon as possible.

• Bangmulgwan gwa yeongu (The National Museum of Korea Journal)
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• v.1
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• pp.278-305
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• 2024

Gelatin dry plate photographs dating to the Japanese colonial era and the official documents from the Japanese Government-General of Korea Museum in the collection of the National Museum of Korea are significant materials documenting cultural heritage in North Korea before it was severely damaged in 1950 during the Korean War. There has been an increase in recent years in studies of Buddhist sculptures in North Korea based on these photographs and documents. This paper presents some new comments on the Buddhist sculptures at Seongbulsa Temple in Hwangju, one of the most famous temples in Hwanghae-do Province, based on the related existing research outcomes. This paper aims to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the Buddhist sculptures at Seongbulsa Temple by chronicling its history based on historical records, examining its current status, and exploring in detail the production dates and backgrounds of the Buddhist sculptures featured on gelatin dry plates. Prior to Korea's liberation from Japan in 1945, Seongbulsa housed at least seven sculptural items: two Bodhisattva statues, four Buddha statues, and a triad. Two items are from the early Goryeo period, one is from the late Goryeo period, three are from the early Joseon period, and one is from the late Joseon period. Among them, two surviving items are noteworthy. One is the early Goryeo-era Stone Seated Bhaishajyaguru Buddha photographed in Eungjinjeon Hall at Seongbulsa Temple. A close examination of a schematic drawing of the sculpture's pedestal made at the time it was photographed reveals that its material accords with the materials used for the headless Stone Seated Bhaishajyaguru Buddha and pedestal currently found in the old Sangwonam Hermitage site in the Inner Geumgang Valley of Jeongbangsan Mountain. This accordance could mean that the statue is a new significant example of early Goryeo Buddhist sculpture in North Korea. The other notable sculpture is the Gilt-bronze Seated Amitabha Buddha Triad created in 1454 (the second year of the reign of King Danjong) and discovered in Geungnakjeon Hall at Seongbulsa. This statue is currently in the collection of the Sariwon History Museum in Hwanghae-do Province. It is an important example of a dated small gilt-bronze Buddhist statue from the early Joseon period found in North Korea. This paper is a case study of Buddhist sculptures in North Korea, focusing on Seongbulsa Temple. Further utilization of the National Museum of Korea's gelatin dry plates will contribute to developing the study of the history of Korean Buddhist sculpture.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to examine how medication contamination in a single-dose glass ampule is affected by minute glass flakes generated in different methods of cutting the ampule. Method: Sixty medication-containing glass ampules were randomly assigned to two groups. The number of glass flakes, resulting from two different cutting methods (with cotton and without cotton), were counted under the microscope. Contamination was evaluated by extracted the medication with a syringe and culturing it in E. coli, coliform, and aerobic bacteria culture media. Result: Fewer glass flakes were found in the ampules when the ampule was cut with cotton. The use of cotton, however, did not significantly change the degree of drug contamination. Conclusion: Although minute glass flakes generated in the ampule cutting operation did not significantly contaminate the medication and the use of cotton decreased the number of glass flakes in the ampules, glass flakes injected into the blood and tissues of the patient remain a risk factor. Therefore, pre-filled syringes or syringes with filters would be alternative methods and safeguards against the possible injection of glass flakes generated while cutting the ampule.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing glass particle contamination in single dose glass ampules upon opening. Method: The study was single case experimental design. Different methods of opening ampule (hand, wooden stick), different sizes of ampules(1cc, 2cc) and different sizes of needles(17gauge, 23gauge, $5{\mu}m$ filter) were evaluated. Eighteen ampules were randomly assigned in each group. The number of glass ampule particles ${\ge}10{\mu}m$ was counted by microscope. Results: There was no significant difference in the number of particles aspirated by opening methods. But number of glass particles was much lower when using 1cc ampules rather than 2cc ampules and was also much lower when using smaller size needles and needles which include a $5{\mu}m$ filter rather than larger size of needles. Conclusion: We suggest that larger bore or unfiltered needles increase the risk of aspirating more glass particles than smaller bore or filter needles. In addition, these data show that a wooden stick can be used as a method opening glass ampules.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.20-23
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• 2011

Penetrating injury and retained foreign substances in human body are the main causes of visiting to the emergency room. In hand, foreign substances are caused by trauma. The most common plant pieces, the glass fragments and metal fragments should occur in the order. Especially, it's hard to find fragments of plants and plastic materials because of their radiolucency. And although these fragments are removed, it's difficult to differentiated clearly whether residual foreign bodies are in human hand or not. This study reports the authors' experience in the treatment of a patient from whom he removed a residual tree thorn in the operating room. The thorn was found 4 weeks after the trauma by ultrasonography and then the patients' symptoms were improved.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.1033-1041
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• 2006

Purpose: Glass particle contamination of the contents of single-dose glass ampules can occur upon opening. Different aspiration techniques, different sizes of needles, different sizes of ampules, and different cutting methods were studied to determine if they had any effect on glass particle contamination. Method: Different aspiration techniques(with filter, without filter), different sizes of needles(18G, 25G), different sizes of ampules(2ml, 20m1), and different cutting methods(with cotton, without cotton) were evaluated. Method: Twenty ampules were randomly assigned in each group. Three slides containing glass particles for each ampule were made and counted under a microscope by 3 study blind persons. Result: The number of glass particle contamination is much less when using a filter rather than without a filter. The number of glass particle contamination is much less when using a 25G needle rather than on 18G needle. The number of glass particle contamination is much less when using 2ml ampules rather than 20m1 ampules. The number of glass particle contamination is much less when using cotton rather than without cotton. Conclusion: It was shown that using a filter, a small size needle, smaller sized ampules and using cotton when cutting the ampule will decrease the risk of parenteral injection of glass particles.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 1997

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of compost produced from the composting facility at Nanjido. The capacity of the facility is 10 ton/day. Feed material was food waste generated in Seoul. Moisture content of the compost product was 31% and conductivity was 2.6 mmhos/cm. The compost product met Korean quality standards and EC quality standards for VS and C/N ratio. In case of TOC and TKN, they were met with Japan quality standards. The water soluble-C/N ratio finally reached about 5 based on dry compost. The color of compost product was dark brown. The product had earthy smell. Heavy metal contents of the compost were below Korean quality standards by wet basis.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1998

The examination of scientific analysis could give many information on the object of ancient glass. It would be allowed to understand the cultural situation and a course of inflow that the data of glass composition was classified by raw materials, technique of making, period and regional groups. Quantitative analysis conditions for SEM-EDS were set for glass and glaze on the pottery and 62 samples of glass beads excavated from Yangdong-ri remains at Kimhae were analyzed and classified. It was found that the glass beads were made of all alkali-glass. In addition, it was postulated that the potash glass was appeared from the 1st century A.D. and soda glass was appeared from the late second or early 3rd century A.D. in this region. The colors of glass were closely related to the concentration of metallic elements such as copper, iron and manganese. It was confirmed that the composition of glass beads could be classified and characterized by raw materials, color, period and regional groups.

• The tire
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• s.85
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• pp.17-20
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• 1979

「9ㆍ10월 교통사고예방의 달」을 맞이하여 본협회에서는 9월 25,26일 양일간 치안본부와 한국도로 공사의 후원을 얻어 경부고속도로상 (하행선 79km지점, 망향휴게소)에서, 타이어 정비불량으로 인한 교통사고를 미연에 방지하고 동시에 고속도로를 운행하는 운전기사들에게 타이어 안전사용관리에 대하여 올바른 인식과 이해를 시키고자 타이어 무료점검을 실시하였다. 이번 타이어 점검에는 본협회, 회원사, 치안본부, 한국도로공사 등 직원 20여명과 Service Car 3대가 동원되어 타이어의 마모한계, 편마모, 이상마모, 공기압, 외상 등을 비롯하여 못ㆍ쇠붙이ㆍ유리조각 등일 찔려있는지의 여부를 정확히 검사ㆍ점검하며 결과는 점검 카드에 기재하여 운전기사들에게 알려주며 정비를 필요로 하는 타이어는 정비직원이 즉시 정비해주었다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.154-159
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• 2007

Biodegradation of Quinoline by free and immobilized Bacillus brevis has been investigated. The rate of quinoline degradation by immobilized Bacillus brevis on coconut shell carbon is faster than the rate by the microorganism immobilized on foam pieces and free cells. A complete removal of 100 ppm of Quinoline in the sample was achieved at a hydraulic retention time of 20 hours with the biocatalyst prepared by immobilizing Bacillus brevis onto coconut shell carbon. The biocatalyst had a reasonable shelf life and desirable recycle capacity.