• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.370-374
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• 2006

Ad-hoc 환경의 응용은 재난구조나 회의실 또는 강의실에서의 정보 교환과 같은 그룹 통에서 이용된다. Ad-hoc 환경은 무선 채널을 이용하므로 상대적인 낮은 대역폭과 높은 오류 발생률을 가지게 된다. 따라서 Ad-hoc 네트워크에서는 신뢰적인 전송이 요구된다. 이동 노드는 상대적으로 낮은 성능과 에너지의 제한으로 인해 유선 환경과 같은 신뢰적인 전송 기법을 Ad-hoc 환경에 적용하기에는 문제가 발생한다. Ad-hoc 환경의 무선 채널이 가지는 보안적인 취약성과 높은 에러율을 극복하는 신뢰적인 그룹 키 전송을 위한 재전송 기법을 제안한다. 신뢰적인 트리 형성하기 위해 n차 트리 구조를 이용한다. 손실 감지를 위한 ACK 메시지를 이용하고 손실 복구를 위한 재전송 기법에 대해 연구를 한다. 제안한 신뢰적인 그룹 키 전송을 위한 재전송 기법은 트리의 깊이의 차수가 루트 관리 노드, 서브 관리 노드와 로컬 멤버 노드로 구성되기 때문에 손실 감지와 손실 복구에 대한 연산의 오버헤드가 적다. 루트 관리 노드는 멤버 노드로부터 받은 개인키 정보를 이용하여 그룹 키를 생성하고 그룹 키 부분 정보를 서브 관리 노드에게 전송하고 서브 관리 노드에 대한 신뢰성을 책임진다. 서브 관리 노드는 루트 관리 노드로부터 받은 그룹 키 부분 정보를 로컬 멤버 노드에게 전송하고 로컬 멤버 노드에 대한 신뢰성을 책임진다. 루트 관리 노드와 서브 관리 노드를 관리 노드라 한다. 관리 노드가 신뢰적인 전송을 위해 관리하는 멤버 노드는 전체 그룹에 독립적으로 유지 가능하므로 확장성 및 효율성이 좋다. 관리 노드는 동적인 그룹에 따른 타이머를 설정함으로써 손실 감지에 대한 시간을 줄임으로써 효율적인 손실 감지 및 손실 복구를 한다. 임계값 설정으로 인한 중복 수신에 대한 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있다.신뢰성을 향상 시킬 수 있는 Load Balancing System을 제안한다.할 때 가장 효과적인 라우팅 프로토콜이라고 할 수 있다.iRNA 상의 의존관계를 분석할 수 있었다.수안보 등 지역에서 나타난다 이러한 이상대 주변에는 대개 온천이 발달되어 있었거나 새로 개발되어 있는 곳이다. 온천에 이용하고 있는 시추공의 자료는 배제하였으나 온천이응으로 직접적으로 영향을 받지 않은 시추공의 자료는 사용하였다 이러한 온천 주변 지역이라 하더라도 실제는 온천의 pumping 으로 인한 대류현상으로 주변 일대의 온도를 올려놓았기 때문에 비교적 높은 지열류량 값을 보인다. 한편 한반도 남동부 일대는 이번 추가된 자료에 의해 새로운 지열류량 분포 변화가 나타났다 강원 북부 오색온천지역 부근에서 높은 지열류량 분포를 보이며 또한 우리나라 대단층 중의 하나인 양산단층과 같은 방향으로 발달한 밀양단층, 모량단층, 동래단층 등 주변부로 NNE-SSW 방향의 지열류량 이상대가 발달한다. 이것으로 볼 때 지열류량은 지질구조와 무관하지 않음을 파악할 수 있다. 특히 이러한 단층대 주변은 지열수의 순환이 깊은 심도까지 가능하므로 이러한 대류현상으로 지표부근까지 높은 지온 전달이 되어 나타나는 것으로 판단된다.의 안정된 방사성표지효율을 보였다. $^{99m}Tc$-transferrin을 이용한 감염영상을 성공적으로 얻을 수 있었으며, $^{67}Ga$-citrate 영상과 비교하여 더 빠른 시간 안에 우수한 영상을 얻을 수 있었다. 그러므로 $^{99m}Tc$-transierrin이 감염 병소의 영상진단에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.리를 정량화 하였다. 특히 선조체에서의 도파민 유리에 의한 수용체 결합능의 감소는 흡연에 의한 혈중 니코틴의 축

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.184-197
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• 2008

This study was to investigate the influence of combining composite resins with different elastic modulus, and occlusal loading condition on the stress distribution of restored notch-shaped non-carious cervical lesion using 3D finite element (FE) analysis. The extracted maxillary second premolar was scanned serially with Micro-CT. The 3D images were processed by 3D-DOCTOR. ANSYS was used to mesh and analyze 3D FE model. A notch-shaped cavity was modeled and filled with hybrid, flowable resin or a combination of both. After restoration, a static load of 500N was applied in a point-load condition at buccal cusp and palatal cusp. The stress data were analyzed using analysis of principal stress. Results showed that combining method such that apex was restored by material with high elastic modulus and the occlusal and cervical cavosurface margin by small amount of material with low elastic modulus was the most profitable method in the view of tensile stress that was considered as the dominant factor jeopardizing the restoration durability and promoting the lesion progression.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.468-473
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• 2001

Castleman's disease or angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. It may be appear as a local or generalized tumor-like condition, usually in chest or abdomen and may involve both lymph nodes and non-nodal tissues. Castleman's disease is an unusal entity which may at times mimic malignancy but is entirely benign in nature. It is topical as it has been noted to occur with AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma. Careful interpretation of radiogram may help to distinguish Castleman's disease from other tumor condition, such as lymphoma, neurogenic tumor, or even angiofibroma, etc. But exact diagnosis must be made on the basis of histologic confirmation. In addition to histologic features, clinical distinction between the localized and multicentric form is important in selecting appropriate management. Surgical excision of an localized mass is the first choice of treatment. Partial resection, radiotherapy or observation alone may avoid the need for exessively aggressive therapy. Patients with multicentric disease don't benefit by surgical management because of systemic manifestation and rapid deterioration. Thus, antineoplastic agents and steroids may offer an alternative form of therapy. We report a case of female patient with Castleman's disease in oral and maxillofacial region, treated by surgical excision with good results.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.485-490
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• 2004

Crude corn oil (CCO) was obtained through the expression-extraction process from corn germ. The CCOs of final process at $90^{\circ}C,\;70^{\circ}C\;and\;50^{\circ}C$ were stored in outdoor storage tanks. From the samples, refined CCO (RCCO) were prepared with $0\%,\;10\%\;and\;20\%$ excessive of phosphoric acid, caustic solution and acidic clay were used in degumming-alkali refining-bleaching process. RCCOs were stored at room temperature in dark places. The color change was not effected by the amount of phosphoric acid, caustic solution and acidic clay, but temperature of process affects the color change. Finally, the prevention for color reversion of RCCO could be obtained by lowering the temperature of final process and optimal temperature of RCCO in summer was found about less than $50^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 1976

A solvent extraction-atomic absorption spectrophotometry for determination of trace amount of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc and a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry for mercury in sea water were studied. The optimum pH range for solvent extraction was pH 4-7. A better solvent extraction efficiency was obtained with MIBK solvent than nitrobenzene, benzene, isoamylalcohol, n-buthylacetate. DDTC was more advantageous than APDC as chelating agent. The metals, chelated with DDTC and concentrated into MIBK by solvent extraction with a volume of $1\iota$ of sea water for cadmium, copper and lead, and 200m1 for zinc, were determined simultaneously by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. For mercury determination, 500ml of sea water was digested with permanganate-sulfuric acid and mercury( II ) was reduced by stannous chloride and aerated the solution with air pump until the absorbance reached a constant value. The precisions, in standard deviation, of these methods were 0.058ppb for cadmium, 0.084 ppb for copper, 0.44ppb for lead, 2.49ppb for zinc and 0.08 ppb for mercury. The sensitivities, expressed in $ppb/1\%$ absorption, were 0.058 ppb cadmium, 0. 15 ppb copper, 0.6 ppb lead, 1.2 ppb zinc and 0.01 ppb mercury respectively. No significant adsorption on the wall of polyethylene sample bottle occurred during 30 days of storing by acidification to pH 1.5 with nitric acid except zinc. Poor reproducibility was found for zinc with this method.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.184-197
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• 2008

This study was to investigate the influence of combining composite resins with different elastic modulus, and occlusal loading condition on the stress distribution of restored notch-shaped non-carious cervical lesion using 3D finite element (FE) analysis. The extracted maxillary second premolar was scanned serially with Micro-CT. The 3D images were processed by 3D-DOCTOR. ANSYS was used to mesh and analyze 3D FE model. A notch-shaped cavity was modeled and filled with hybrid, flowable resin or a combination of both. After restoration, a static load of 500N was applied in a point-load condition at buccal cusp and palatal cusp. The stress data were analyzed using analysis of principal stress. Results showed that combining method such that apex was restored by material with high elastic modulus and the occlusal and cervical cavosurface margin by small amount of material with low elastic modulus was the most profitable method in the view of tensile stress that was considered as the dominant factor jeopardizing the restoration durability and promoting the lesion progression.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.572-576
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• 2008

Gorham-Stout disease is a rare skeletal disease which is progressive and spontaneous and idiopathic resorption of whole body bone. In the initial stage, the osteolytic site is replaced by histologically benign vascular proliferation without new bone formation and finally by dense fibrous tissues. We encountered with a patient involving the mandible with attention by the clinical, radiographic, scintigraphic, angiographic, and computed tomography. We resected the mandibular lesion which was reconstructed with a fibular free flap. We report literature review with a mandibular lesion involved with Gorham-Stout disease.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.479-483
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• 2006

Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a histological pattern consisting of prominent intra-alveolar fibrin and organizing pneumonia, with out hyaline membranes or prominent eosinophilia. The clinical manifestations of AFOP resemble those of acute lung injury such as acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP). However, the classic histological patterns of AFOP differ from diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) or acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP). The characteristic intra-alveolar fibrin ball and lack of classic hyaline membrane are the predominant histological features of AFOP. Although some reports suggest that its clinical course is less catastrophic than DAD, the clinical entity that distinguishes AFOP from DAD has not been established. We present a case of pathologically demonstrated AFOP in a 79-year-old man. The radiological findings of our case were similar to those of DAD, presented with diffuse bilateral lung infiltrations. However, despite the rapid development of respiratory failure, the patient had a better response and outcome to steroid therapy than what would be expected for DAD.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.8.5-9
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• 1981

Foreign body in the esophagus is not uncommon in the otolaryngological field and esophageal perforation followed by mediastinitis is one of the most serious complications. Authors had experienced such case developed in 69 year old female patient. This woman swallowed a piece of sharp glass accidentally. Severe pain and swelling around the neck developed after ingestion. Marked subcutaneous emphysema was noted on first examination. By esophagoscopy, longitudinal laceration at right lateral wall of the cervical esophagus was noted and a lot of food debries were removed through this perforation, but foreign body could not be found. On third hospital day, patient complained chest pain and dyspnea. Mediastinal widening was noted on chest P-A. Tracheostomy was performed on next day and neck swelling decreased much. In spite of massive antibiotics, mediastinal abscess was developed and external drainage was performed on 15th hospital day. She was discharged on 38th hospital day with marked improvement and recovered completely on follow-up study. Still, we do not know where the foreign body is located.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.411-421
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• 2005

This study was carried out to establish rational methodologies for the use of pesticide formulations to be sprayed after water-dilution. Hardness and electric conductivity of six major river water and ground water sampled from 52 sites in major rice-growing areas across the country ranged from 5 to 324 ppm(av. 90 ppm) and from 0.038 to 1.078 dS/m(av. 0.265 dS/m), respectively, which are acceptable for diluent water of pesticides. The pH changes in pesticide spray solutions with time after preparation mainly depended on the pH of the water used for pesticide dilution. The surface tensions of pesticide spray solutions reduced slightly with time after preparation, irrespective of kinds of pesticide formulations. Suspensibility of WPs became worse with an increase in the hardness and salt concentrations of diluent water, even though the degree was negligible. Emulsion stability of ECs became worse with an increase in hardness and salt concentrations of diluent water. Degradation rates of the active ingredients of pesticide spray solutions 3 days after preparation were less than 5%, regardless of mixing or non-mixing of two or more pesticides. Consequently, the spray solutions of most pesticides were usable until two to three days after preparation unless physical properties deteriorated. The tank-mixing order of EC and WP formulations did not make any differences in all the physical properties of pesticide spray solutions. However, the proper order for the tank-mixing of compatible pesticides was WP, WG, SC, EC, and SL, because the order is easy to prepare the pesticide spray solutions. The efficacy of pesticide spray solutions on the respective target pathogens and insect pests of rice plants three days after preparation was recorded over 95% of that of 0 day, which was almost the same as that of the solutions applied punctually after preparation.