• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.87-102
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• 2023

Globally, acute gastroenteritis is responsible for two million pediatric deaths. In particular, viral gastroenteritis is the most common cause of acute diarrhea, and most children aged <5 years are infected at least once. The common symptoms include profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Viral gastroenteritis is generally caused by rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus. Recently, probiotics use has increased rapidly worldwide due to its inhibitory effect against viral gastroenteritis. In addition, probiotics are known to have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects and enhance immunity without any side effects. Therefore, this review focuses on the anti-viral effects of probiotics on viral gastroenteritis. Furthermore, this review would provide basic data that could be used for developing new products that have improved functionality by addition of probiotics to milk and dairy food.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.13-22
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• 2024

There is a need for and positive aspects of article-based advertising, but as exaggerated and disguised information is delivered due to some indiscriminate 'article-based advertisements', readers have difficulty distinguishing between general articles and article-based advertisements, leading to a lot of misinterpretation and confusion of information. is doing Since readers will continue to acquire new information and apply this information at the right time and place to bring a lot of value, it is judged to be even more important to distinguish between accurate general articles and article-like advertisements. Therefore, as differentiated information between general articles and article-like advertisements is needed, as part of this, for readers who have difficulty identifying accurate information due to such indiscriminate article-like advertisements in Internet newspapers, this paper introduces IT and AI technologies. We attempted to present a method that can be solved in terms of a system that incorporates, and this method was designed to extract articleable advertisements using a knowledge-based natural language processing method that finds and refines advertising keywords and deep learning technology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.1
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• pp.231-236
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• 2020

Duodenal varices can develop in patients with portal hypertension secondary to liver cirrhosis. Although upper gastrointestinal bleeding is often severe and fatal, the definite treatment or guideline has not been established. Although endoscopy is the primary therapeutic modality, the use of radiologic interventions, such as transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, balloon or vascular plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration, and percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration, can be considered alternative treatment methods for duodenal varices. Herein, we report a case of duodenal varix in a patient with poor hepatic functional reserve and vascular anatomy, which are contraindications for an occlusion balloon or a vascular plug, successfully treated with coil-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.724-729
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• 2022

A duodenal web is an incomplete diaphragm of the duodenal lumen that causes a partial or (intermittent) complete obstruction. The size of a duodenal web's aperture determines the degree of obstruction, age at presentation, and radiologic findings. We report a case of duodenal web incidentally diagnosed in a 14-month-old boy who presented to the hospital after ingesting a foreign body. We provide a comprehensive report of multiple studies through abdominal radiograph, upper gastrointestinal study, endoscopy, and surgical findings. We emphasize that the duodenum should be considered as the location of the obstruction when infants exhibit delayed discharge or dynamic positioning of a foreign body in a radiologic examination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1240-1258
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• 2022

The lymphatic system provides a route for the spread of inflammation and malignancies. The identification of nodal stations and lymphatic pathways of tumor spread is important for tumor staging, choice of therapy, and the prediction of the prognosis of patients with malignant diseases. Because lymph node metastasis is common in primary intra-abdominal malignant tumors, its detection is essential for radiologists to understand the pattern of disease spread. Using schematic pictures and color-coded CT images, this pictorial essay describes the locations and nomenclature of the abdominal lymph nodes. Furthermore, the lymphatic drainage pathways of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts, liver, gallbladder, bile duct, and pancreas have been highlighted. In addition, lymph nodes belonging to the regional lymph nodes in malignant tumors arising from each organ are described, and certain cases are presented with images from patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.4
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• pp.794-805
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• 2020

Acute abdomen is a condition with sudden abdominal pain that may require immediate surgical treatment. The causes of acute abdomen in pediatric patients are diverse, and can be categorized in broad range from diseases requiring surgery to diseases requiring medication or clinical observation only. The role of the imaging study in children with acute abdomen is to distinguish between patients who need medication and patients who need surgery by identifying diseases that cause abdominal pain, if possible. Since intussusception and appendicitis are the leading causes of acute abdomen requiring surgical treatment in children, it is important to exclude intussusception in young infants complaining of acute abdominal pain and exclude acute appendicitis in older children with acute abdomen. In this paper, we introduce intussusception, acute appendicitis, midgut volvulus, Meckel's diverticulum and duplication cyst, which has characteristic imaging finding of the disease that can cause acute abdomen in pediatric patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.5
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• pp.1121-1133
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• 2020

Inflammatory pseudotumors (IPTs) are uncommon, mass-forming lesions, predominantly involving the lung and orbit. Although the incidence of IPTs is rare in the abdomen and pelvis, they can be encountered as enhancing, soft-tissue lesions, mimicking malignancy or fibrosclerosing disease. Generally, they exhibit a wide range of nonspecific imaging features in various organs. Preoperative imaging diagnosis of IPTs in appropriate clinical settings may help determine proper patient management. In this article, we review radiologic findings of IPTs in the abdominopelvic cavity, including the liver, spleen, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, mesentery, pelvis, and retroperitoneum.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.245-252
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• 2023

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore the compounds, targets and related diseases of garlic by the approaches of network pharmacology and bioinformatics in traditional chinese medicine. Methods : We investigated components and their target molecules of garlic using SymMap and TCMSP and they were compared with analysis platform. Results : 56 potential compounds were identified in garlic, 26 of which contained target information, and it was found that these 26 compounds and 154 targets interact with each other through a combination of 243 compounds. In addition, Apigenin was linked to the most targeted gene (78) in 26 compounds, followed by Kaempferol (61 genes), Nicotic Acid (14 genes), Geraniol (11 genes), Eee (10 genes), and Sobrol A (9 genes). Among 56 potential compounds, three compounds (Kaempferol, Dipterocarpol, and N-Methyl cytisine) corresponded to the active compound by screening criterion Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion (ADME). In addition, 12 compounds in 56 potential compounds were associated with gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorder. Among them, Kaempferol was a compound that met the ADME parameters and the rest were potential compounds that did not meet. Also, Kaempferol was closely related to GI motility disorder, indicating that this Kaempferol could be a candidate for potential medical efficacy. Conclusions : It shows the relationship between the compound of garlic, an herbal supplement, and the biological process associated with GI motility disorder. These results are thought to help develop strategies for treating GI motility disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.85 no.1
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• pp.124-137
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• 2024

Malrotation and midgut volvulus are surgical emergencies that commonly occur within the first month of life. The classic symptom is acute bilious vomiting, while nonspecific symptoms such as recurrent abdominal pain may be present in older children. Malrotation can be associated with duodenal obstruction caused by an abnormal peritoneal fibrous band or congenital anomalies, such as an annular pancreas or a preduodenal portal vein. Volvulus can lead to bowel ischemia and a life-threatening condition, thus prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial. Diagnosis can be made through upper gastrointestinal series, ultrasonography, and CT, with ultrasonography being preferred as a screening tool due to its rapid and accurate diagnosis, without radiation exposure, in children. This pictorial essay discusses the key imaging findings and diagnostic approaches for malrotation and midgut volvulus, as well as diagnostic pitfalls based on actual cases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.291-297
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• 2023

Isolated left-sided portal hypertension is a rare clinical syndrome caused by splenic veno-occlusive disease. Splenic vein thrombosis and extrinsic compression causes proximal splenic vein hypertension, and the splenic blood flows into the superior mesenteric or portal vein through the upper stomach's collateral vessels, such as the short gastric, coronary, and gastroepiploic veins. Open splenectomy is recommended to treat gastrointestinal bleeding caused by isolated left-sided portal hypertension. Interventional management could be a clinically useful option for selected patients who want to avoid surgical corrections. The report presents two cases of left-sided portal hypertension with gastric variceal bleeding.