• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.90-93
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• 2019

Brucellosis is one of the zoonoses, and it is a disease that is almost eliminated in South Korea. This disease is also known as a representative disease of one health. We would like to introduce brucellosis found by one health in this study. One Health means an approach in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better public health outcomes. The Gyeongbuk Agricultural Safety and Health Center established a cooperation system between a Veterinary Service Laboratory and a Public Health Center, and found a case of human brucellosis in a farm with cattle brucellosis. Through this case, to be effective control of zoonoses as above case, epidemiological investigation for cattle and human should be concurrently conducted. And we once again recognized the need for multi-sectoral cooperation in prevention and management of zoonoses.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the oral health condition and behavioral status of Korean adults according to occupational status. The subjects were 7,676 adults, aged between 19 and 64 years, who completed both oral examination and questionnaire survey, among those who indicated that they were currently participating in economic activities, according to the data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Occupational class and employment status were selected as measures of occupational status. Complex-samples logistic regression models were used to assess the associations among oral health, behavioral, and occupational statuses. We found a significant occupational class-related difference in the oral health and behavioral statuses of both the men and women. In particular, the prevalence odds ratios of untreated dental caries in manual workers were 1.19 and 1.67 times higher than in non-manual workers, for men and women, respectively. As for oral health condition and behavioral status according to employment status, the health risk in temporary employment workers was higher than that in permanent employment workers. As for the prevalence odds ratios of the risk of dental caries, the highest values were observed for tooth brushing fewer than 3 times per day, not undergoing oral examinations, and chewing difficulty complaints. The risk of dental caries for agricultural, forestry, and fishing workers for both men and women was found to be the highest among other workers. Thus, strategies to promote workplace oral health in the microscopic and macroscopic perspectives should be developed to constantly monitor oral health problems, and to identify vulnerable social groups within occupational groups and the related factors that mediate oral health differences.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2007

The purpose of this study targeted on high school student in the department of liberal arts, industry in Daegu metropolitan city, is to get basic data necessary for the development of dental educational program, to discern prevention and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder by observing the situation temporomandibular joint disorder and contribution element, of relationship of school life stress The results are as follows.: 1. The percentage of occurring temporomandibular joint disorder in the high school resulted in a joint noise at 61.8% and joint dislocation 6.9%, sharp pain 47.5% at time of chewing. 29.8% at the time of the non-chewing, lockjaw 11.3%, a headache appeared at 40.4%.2. In the contribution factor of occurring temporomandibular joint disorder, the cause of joint noise was the clench one's teeth, lip and cheek clench, For the pain at the time of chewing clench one's teeth, one side chewing, over-chewing, lip clench, sideways sleeping showed the difference. (P < 0.01) For the pain at the time of non-chewing, clench one's teeth, bruxism, one side chewing, lip and cheek clench were similar, and for the lockjaw, clench one's teeth, bruxism, sideways sleeping showed the difference. The plum evil thing period at time of the fault writing that statistically showed the difference. For the headache, the contribution factors were the all bad habits mentioned above excluding one side sleeping.(P < 0.01, P < 0.05). 3. The rate of experiencing temporomandibular joint disorder by oral and maxillofacia was 13.4% in industrial department, and 19.6% in liberal arts. And for the factor of wound was that exercise 26.8%, others 24.4%, fall-down 19.5%. And for the industrial, exercise 44.4%, fall-down 22.2%, others 14.9%. The treatment experience appeared at 5.0% in industrial department, 2.9% in liberal arts. And for the medical institutions, liberal arts were dental clinic 50%, orthopedics 50%, and the industrial department orthopedics 40%, oriental medicine clinic 30%, dental clinic 30%. 4. In case of temporomandibular joint disorder, there were no difference by grades or educational background. And at the time of chewing or non-chewing showed similar difference.(P < 0.01). 5. Compared to stress in the high school, it generally showed higher in liberal arts than in industrial department due to school record. Its scope was $3.75{\pm}1.14$ in liberal arts, $3.01{\pm}1.23$ in industrial department. 6. The school record, school life, stress problems by teachers, chewing/non-chewing pain of temporomandibular joint disorder, joint noise had a similar correlation.(P < 0.01, < 0.05).

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.896-904
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• 2010

HACCP is a scientific and systematic program that identifies specific hazards and gives measurements in order to control them and ensure the safety of foods. Transportation of livestock and its products is one of the vulnerable sectors regarding food safety in Korea, as meats are transported by truck in the form of a carcass or packaged meat in a box. HACCP application and its acceleration of distribution, in particular transportation, are regarded as important to providing consumers with ultimately safe livestock products. To achieve this goal, practical tools for HACCP application should be developed. Supply chain management (SCM) is a holistic and strategic approach to demand, operations, procurement, and logistics process management. SCM has been beneficially applied to several industries, notably in vehicle manufacture and the retail trade. HACCP-based real-time visibility system using wireless application (WAP) of the livestock distribution is centralized management system that enables control of temperature and HACCP management in real-time for livestock transportation. Therefore, the application of HACCP to livestock distribution (transportation, storage, and sale) can be activated. Using this system, HACCP management can be made easier, and distribution of safe livestock products can be achieved.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.786-794
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• 2011

To investigate the sanitary-quality level of commercial kimchi in South Korea, the pH, acidity, and microbial-flora changes in the kimchi were determined. Samples of kimchi produced by three different manufacturers (a small grocery store, a small/medium-sized enterprise, and a large food company) were collected. Freshly made kimchi was purchased and fermented at $10^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. The pH of the commercial kimchi on the purchased day was approximately pH 5.8, and that on the $10^{th}$ day of fermentation was ${\simeq}pH$ 4.1. The kimchi purchased from a large company showed a more rapid decline in pH level during fermentation. The saltiness of the kimchi purchased from a medium-sized company was slightly higher than those of the other commercial kimchi samples. The saccharinity index of the kimchi produced by a small grocery store was higher than those of the other samples, and its value deviation was also higher than those of the other commercial kimchi samples. A higher total viable-cell count and a higher lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) count were detected in the kimchi from the large food company at the beginning of fermentation compared to the samples of the two other kimchi manufacturers. The highest cell numbers of gram-positive bacteria (except LAB) and coliform bacteria were detected from the small-grocery-store kimchi, but the coliform bacteria count gradually decreased during fermentation although such bacteria were still detected until the $10^{th}$ day of fermentation. In contrast, coliform bacteria were not detected in the samples from the medium-sized and large food companies. Yeast, which is detected in over-ripened kimchi, was detected in the unfermented kimchi from the small grocery store, which had a below-0.36% acidity level. The gram-positive bacteria (except LAB) that were detected in all the tested commercial kimchi samples were determined to be Bacillus spp., and the gram-negative bacteria were determined to be Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp., Sphingomonase spp., and Strenophomonas spp. The proportions of all the aforementioned bacteria in the kimchi samples, however, were different depending on the samples that were taken. These results indicate that a more sanitary kimchi production process and a more systematic kimchi production manual should be developed to industrialize and globalize kimchi.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.339-343
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• 2011

This study determined the effects of twin birth on subsequent postpartum disorders, culling and reproductive performance, and its risk factors in dairy cows. Detailed data related to reproduction, health, and calving events, including dates of artificial insemination (AI) and calving, hormonal treatment prior to conception, cow parity, twin birth, retained placenta, metabolic disorders, and endometritis were collected from 1,717 individual calvings on 9 dairy farms. The incidence rate of twin birth was 3.4%. Gestation length was shorter in cows with twin birth ($270.6{\pm}2.0$ days) than cows giving birth to singletons ($279.5{\pm}0.2$ days, P < 0.01). The incidence of retained placenta (47.5 vs. 16.0%), metabolic disorders (18.6 vs. 3.8%) endometritis (62.7 vs. 28.2%), and culling rate (32.2 vs. 16.5%) was greater in cows with twin birth than in cows giving birth to singletons, respectively (P < 0.01). The hazard of pregnancy (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR) by 210 days in milk analyzed using Cox proportional hazards model was affected by calving season, in that the rate of pregnancy for cows calved during spring was less than for cows calved during winter (AHR = 0.80; P = 0.01); this was also true for endometritis (AHR = 0.46, P < 0.01). AHR was not affected by twin birth. Logistic analysis demonstrated that increasing the cow parity (P < 0.01) and hormonal treatment prior to conception (adjusted odds ratio, AOR = 1.84, P < 0.05) increased the risk of twin birth. These results demonstrate that twin births are responsible for severe economic losses through the increased occurrence of postpartum disorders and culling; thus, appropriate management for the deleterious impact of twin birth, and/or reducing the risk factors by herd control regarding cow parity and the use of reproductive hormones prior to conception might be necessary.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.258-267
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• 2014

Purpose: The current study was designed to investigate the relationship of dietary calcium and riboflavin and their main dietary source (milk and dairy products) with the risk of periodontitis using data from 2007 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Methods: A total of 1,690 adults aged ${\geq}40$ years were included. We used results of dental examination regarding all sextant information on probing depth of at least two index teeth, nutritional assessment by a single 24-hour dietary recall, and demographic and medical information. The periodontitis group was defined as those who had 3-4 points, and the normal group was defined as those who had 0 points of Community Periodontal Index at all locations of six examination sites using a probe. Results: Using multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for age, body mass index, energy intake, income, smoking, and alcohol drinking, we found an inverse relationship between consumption of dairy products and risk for periodontitis (OR: 0.465, 95% CI: 0.224-0.964) and between dietary riboflavin intake more than the estimated average requirements and risk for periodontitis (OR: 0.535, 95% CI: 0.300-0.954) in males. Conclusion: Adequate intake of milk dairy products and riboflavin may be recommended for prevention of periodontitis in the Korean male population.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.527-535
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• 2015

The findings of the study illustrated that the college students felt more stress when they had to receive treatment for the sake of oral health, and that they experienced less stress when they took good care of their oral health for preventive purposes. A self-administered survey was conducted on 235 junior college students whose majors were unrelated to health in the region of Jeollanam-do from March 4 to 30, 2015. A total of 27.2% of the respondents had received dental caries treatment, and 48.1% had received periodontal treatment. When the stress of the college students about personality, appearance, families and interpersonal relationship was measured, they were most stressed out about their personality ($3.40{\pm}0.73$). Specifically, they scored highest in the item "It's such a hassle to do something" ($3.73{\pm}1.20$), and scored lowest in the item "I was concerned about someone else's problem" ($2.22{\pm}1.15$). The female students experienced more stress about their appearance, personality, families and interpersonal relationship than the male students. The male students felt more stress about their studies than the female students. The college students who had dental caries and periodontal diseases suffered stress that was above the average level, and the stress level of the group that had scaling experience and/or had received toothbrushing education, namely taking care of oral health for preventive purposes, was more below average than the other group that didn't. In a word, it's urgently required to take measures to prevent college students from having oral diseases, as the students who suffered from oral diseases and received treatment were more stressed out. The implementation and revitalization of systemized educational programs are required to help college students stay away from oral diseases to promote their oral health.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.469-474
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the satisfaction level of parents with elementary school students in some metropolitan areas with the pit and fissure sealing program in a bid to raise awareness of the importance of the preventive treatment and accelerate the spread of it. The subjects in this study were 231 parents who had school children and resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. After a self-administered survey was conducted in October and November 2008, the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows; 1. As to places for receiving the preventive treatment, 111 respondents (48.1%) experienced pit and fissure sealing in dental clinics, and 88 respondents(38.1%) did that in dental hospitals. 177 people(76.6%) received that treatment from dentists, and 16 respondents(11.3%) did that from dental hygienists. 2. Concerning whether to be for or against the pit and fissure sealing program, more than half that numbered 143(61.9%) supported that program, and 88 respondents(38.1%) didn't. As for satisfaction level, they expressed the biggest satisfaction with the preventive effect of that treatment($3.92{\pm}.85$), and were least satisfied with the cost($1.91{\pm}.86$). 3. Regarding links between general characteristics and satisfaction level, they were statistically significantly different in satisfaction level with the cost according to residential area and the number of child, and age made a statistically significant difference to their satisfaction level with the preventive effect of it. 4. As for relationship between warranty term and whether to be for the pit and fissure sealing program or not, 45(31.5%) out of those who supported the program were provided with no warranty, and 32(36.4%) out of those who took a stand against it were provided with no warranty, either. Warranty was provided to 12(8.4%) respondents of the former group without a fixed term, but that's not the case for any of the latter. The warranty term made statistically significant differences to their agreement or disagreement to the program(p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.894-899
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• 2001

Intakes and excretions of zinc and copper were determined for 8 female adolescents (aged 16.4$\pm$0.5 y; body mass index 20.4$\pm$1.3kg/$m^2$; body fat 33.3$\pm$2.5%; bone mineral density of lumbar spine in L2-L4; 0.96$\pm$0.08g/$\textrm{cm}^2$) when they consumed diets basal and high in calcium for 6 days each. All subjects consumed a basal Ca diet containing 800 mg, Korean RDA level of the subjects, and a high Ca diet containing 1200mg, RDA plus 2 SDs of calcium intake. The diets provided 58% of energy intake as carbohydrate, 25% as fat, and 17% as protein. Food, urine and fecal samples were collected during the last 3 days of each feeding period and were assayed. Mean daily intakes on the basal and high calcium diets, respectively, were 6.57 and 6.37 mg for zinc and 910 and 812 $\mu\textrm{g}$for copper. Fecal excretion of copper and zinc in relation to intake was significantly greater on the high calcium than on the basal calcium diet. Hence, apparent absorption rate was significantly lowered from 98.7% on the basal calcium diet to 97.9% on the high calcium diet for zinc from 66.3% to 56.4% for copper, respectively. Urinary loss of copper was not detectable but that of zinc was 0.38mg on the basal diet and 0.47mg on the high calcium diet. Copper retention was 899$\pm$105$\mu\textrm{g}$/day on the basal calcium diet and 792$\pm$20.8$\mu\textrm{g}$/day on the high calcium diet, and zinc retention was 3.95$\pm$0.91mg/day and 3.11$\pm$0.89mg/day. Thus, copper and zinc retention was significantly decreased on the high calcium diet (p<0.05). Summarizing the results, apparent absorption and retention of zinc and copper were significantly decreased by calcium supplementation. Therefore, it is suggested that interactions among minerals should be considered in determining RDA.