• 한국노년학
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.79-96
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to search the clustering and variables in discriminating the groups by the level of the loss experience and ego-integrity among the elderly. In addition, the study aimed to confirm the moderating effects of variables related to resilience in the relationship between a loss experience and ego-integrity. The subjects were 245 elderly aged 60 or above, most of whom were socially active with comparatively high education levels. Six individual variables(physical self-efficacy, general self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, existential spirituality, religious spirituality, optimism) and five environmental variables(emotional support, instrumental support, informational support, appraisal support, social activity) were used in the study. The results of the study are as follows. To data analysis, ANOVA, Stepwise Discriminant analysis, Cluster analysis, Regression analysis and Two-way analysis of variance was employed. First, the subjects were 4 cluster into overcome group, crisis group, stable group and vulnerable group according to the level of loss experience and ego-integrity. Second, optimism, physical self-efficacy, existential spirituality and emotional support were seen to be significant variables in discriminating the groups. Third, the ego-integrity became higher as the variables related to resilience were increased.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.795-811
• /
• 2011

Recently, an interest on how to moderate parenting stress of grandparents is rising according to rising depression of grandparents of grandparents and grandchildren family(GGF) because of parenting stress So, this study tried to analyze moderating effects by setting social support and stress coping behaviors as moderator variable in order to know how much parenting stress of grandparents would influence their depression. For this purpose, we selected 369 cases of grandparents who were being provided social welfare service and to 334 cases out of them, did multigroup analysis using hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation model under spss Vor. 19.0 program. Followings are the results. First, the more parenting stress was high, the more depression high. But when social support was high, parenting stress low. And the more parenting stress was high, faith dependence, negative emotional expression and passive evasion as stress coping behaviors also high while problem reestablishment low. Second, emotional support, information support, and material support as social support had moderating effects in which parenting stress influenced depression while appraisal support had not. Third, faith dependence and low passive evasion as stress coping behaviors had moderating effects in influence of parenting stress to depression while problem reestablishment has not. On the one hand, emotional expression was meaningless in explaining moderating effects in connection with parenting stress. Through these, we draw a social welfare practical implication that could lift moderating effect of social support and stress coping behavior in between parenting stress and depression of grandparents of grandparents and grandchildren Family.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.97-118
• /
• 2015

The aim of the present study was to examine moderating effects of self-esteem on perceived transgression wrongness and forgiveness defined as Worthington and Scherer's (2004) emotional forgiveness and decisional forgiveness when receiving apologies. Data collected from 861(486 males, 375 females) Korean college students were analyzed with hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows. First, on emotional forgiveness, the two-way interaction effect of perceived transgression wrongness and explicit self-esteem was significant. And on decisional forgiveness, the two-way interaction effect of perceived transgression wrongness and explicit self-esteem was significant. The effect of perceived transgression wrongness on emotional and decisional forgiveness for individuals with high explicit self-esteem is stronger than its impact for individuals with low self-esteem. These findings show that explicit self-esteem may play an important role in forgiveness in college students through interactions with perceived transgression wrongness. Second, on emotional forgiveness, the three-way interaction effect of perceived transgression wrongness, explicit self-esteem, and implicit self-esteem was significant. The effect of perceived transgression wrongness on emotional forgiveness for individuals with high explicit self-esteem having high implicit self-esteem is stronger than its impact for individuals with low explicit self-esteem having high implicit self-esteem. These findings show that discrepancies between implicit and explicit self-esteem are detrimental to emotional forgiveness. But, on decisional forgiveness, the three-way interaction effect of perceived transgression wrongness, explicit self-esteem, and implicit self-esteem was not significant. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.41-66
• /
• 2005

The goal of this study was to investigate factors influencing North Korea defectors's psychological alienation by comparing South Koreans and North Korean defectors in the sense of values, lifestyles, attribution styles and stereotypes. To pursue this goal, a questionnaire was distributed to 143 South Koreans and 99 North Korean defectors, According to results, in comparison with South Koreans, North Korean defectors placed more values on 'nation' than 'individual or family', on the 'support of parents' than 'a great success', In the lifestyles, the North Korean defectors than South Koreans put higher significance in 'traditional familism', 'traditional collectivism', 'social consciousness', and 'traditional hierarchy'. As for stereotypes, South Korean people considered the North Korean defectors defiant, critical, egoistic, and competitive people. Also, South Koreans perceived North Korean defectors as more negatively than North Korean defectors did themselves. In case of alienation, North Korean defectors reported that their workplace was the most common place where they were alienated. As a result of investigating factors investigating the North Korean defectors' alienation, it showed that 'affluent life' in their values, 'cultural openness' in the lifestyles, and 'inside attribution' in the attribution styles were critical. Finally, it discussed limitations of the present study and the research required in the future.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.243-257
• /
• 2023

Rural life improvement programs (RLIPs) have been implemented with a central goal of improving the quality of rural life and promoting rural welfare and cultural life. However, different factors may influence the effect of rural life improvement programs on rural communities or households. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of perceived effects of RLIPs on quality of life of rural women in South Korea. We used a mixed research design to generate data for this study. We collected survey data from 311 rural women who participated in the RLIPs and also conducted a focus group discussion. We analyzed the quantitative data using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression to identify the variables that predicted effects of RLIPs on quality of life of rural women. Our study finds that age, type of residence in the community, leadership experience, level of education, community satisfaction and community participation influenced respondents' perceived effects of RLIPs. The results imply that the benefits of a development intervention could not be uniformly reaped by residents of a community.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.643-650
• /
• 2024

Currently, South Korea is grappling with a paradoxical situation characterized by simultaneous labor shortages and job shortages. Within this context, retirees are citing conflicts with supervisors/colleagues and dissatisfaction with organizational culture as the primary reasons for their departure, with these issues disproportionately affecting the MZ generation. In response, scholars have conducted preliminary studies to understand the relationships between organizational culture and other variables specifically concerning the MZ generation. However, most of these studies are based on a unified theory of the MZ generation, failing to satisfy the practical demands for distinguishing between Generations M and Z. Therefore, this research aims to explore the differences in variable relationships between these two groups within the hospitality industry. Surveys were conducted among 170 individuals from Generation M and 110 from Generation Z, and the data were analyzed using AMOS structural equation modeling. The analysis confirmed that both hierarchical culture and generational conflict significantly define relationships across all generations, with generational conflict adversely affecting organizational commitment. Additionally, while a relationship-oriented culture negatively impacts generational conflict for Generation M, no such effect was observed for Generation Z. This study successfully identifies the differential impacts between Generation M and Generation Z.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.153-162
• /
• 2002

Summary：This study was designed to examine the effect of mother's depressive mood and parenting related attitude on parenting behavior, focusing on the cases having an ADHD child. Method：A total of 82 parents, 31 parents having children with ADHD and 51 normal, were involved in this study. The children of ADHD and normal group were 6-11 years old. ADHD group were diagnosed as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder by psychiatric doctor and psychological evaluations using DSMIV criteria and the normal group were excluded by using Diagnostic Rating Scale-Parent, Teacher Form. The mothers of both group completed a series of questionnaire about mother's depressive mood and parenting-related attitude. To investigate the relationships between each variables, Student's t-test, correlation, stepwise regression, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed. Result：In correlation analysis, Mothers with an ADHD child were likely to report more coercive parenting behavior, more negative parenting-related attitudes, and depressive mood than normal group. In regression analysis, mother's parenting stress, dysfunctional thoughts, parenting competence, and depressive mood predicted coercive parenting behavior significantly, total explaining 50% of its variance, and especially depressive mood explained 29% of their coercive parenting behavior. These Results indicated that mother's depressive mood accounted for a substantial portion of coercive parenting behavior. Conclusion：These findings suggested that it is significantly important to reduce Mother's depressive mood through dealing with parenting sense of competence and dysfunctional thoughts, so, both parent education program and cognitive-behavioral therapeutic approach are needed to change parent's coercive parenting behavior. Finally, limitation of the present study and suggestions were discussed for further studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.11
• /
• pp.1435-1442
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of consumption value on healthy functional food choice. Also, this study explored the role of health motivation, health concern, and food involvement as a moderating variable in the relationship between consumption value and healthy functional food choice. A total of 281 responses were collected using on-site survey (response rate 96.0%) from college students in Daegu, Gyeoungbuk Province. The questionnaire contained questions on consumption value, health motivation, health concern, food involvement, and purchasing intention of healthy functional food. The respondents rated the items using a 5-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). According to the confirmatory factor analysis, item evaluating using factor loading resulted in the retention of 25 consumption value items loading on seven factors, four health motivation items loading one factor, six health concern items loading on one factor, and four food involvement items loading on one factor with an internal consistency. Results of stepwise regression found that social value-I, emotional, functional, epistemic, and conditional values among consumption value determined the purchasing intention of healthy functional food. Results of hierarchical regression showed that health concern had a positive effect on the relationship between social value-I and purchasing intention of healthy functional food.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.187-217
• /
• 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5(PCL-5). For this purpose, online surveys were conducted for two times with a one year interval using the data from 1,077 Korean adults at time 1, and 563 Korean adults at time 2. First, from the result of the confirmatory factor analysis, comparing the model fit of the 1, 4, 6, and 7-factor model, the 4, 6, and 7-factor model showed a acceptable fit, and the best fit was seen in the order of the 7, 6, 4-factor model. Second, the internal consistency, omega coefficient, construct validity, average variance extracted, and test-retest reliability results were all satisfactory.. Third, a correlation analysis with the K-PC-PTSD-5 and the sub-factors of BSI-18 was conducted to check the validity of the Korean Version of PCL-5. As a result, a positive correlation was seen with both K-PC-PTSD-5 and BSI-18. Fourth, a hierarchical multiple regression was performed to examine whether the Korean Version of PCL-5 predicts future PTSD, depression, anxiety, and somatization. As a result, the Korean Version of PCL-5 measured at time 1 significantly predicted PTSD, depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms at time 2. Fifth, by analyzing the ROC curve, the discriminant power of PCL-5 for screening PTSD symptom groups was confirmed, and the best cut-off score was suggested. As a result of the longitudinal validation of Korean version of PCL-5, it was found that this scale is a reliable and valid measure for Korean adults. By looking into the predictive validity of the scale, it was found that the Korean version of PCL-5 can predict not only PTSD symptoms but also PTSD-related symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and somatization. Also, this study differs from previous validation studies measuring PTSD symptoms in that it suggested a cut-off score to help differentiate PTSD symptom groups.

• Bangmulgwan gwa yeongu (The National Museum of Korea Journal)
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.150-173
• /
• 2024

The Gyeongsang region experienced an epoch-making social transformation approximately around the second to first century BCE, including the replacement of Bronze Age types of tombs (such as dolmens, stone cist tombs, and earthen tombs with flat capstones) with clusters of wooden coffin tombs and the emergence of wajil pottery (soft stoneware) and ironware. These shifts in the archaeological material evidence have been discussed in the context of the formation of the states that comprised the three Han confederacies and in relation to wooden coffin tombs built in later periods. This paper explicates the appearance of clustered wooden coffin tombs with accompanying ironware by categorizing them. In particular, it examines the emergence of wooden coffin tombs by creating the Wolseong-dong type, which differs from Tomb No. 5 in Joyang-dong and Tomb No. 1 in Daho-ri with their deep burial pits and large quantities of prestige goods and soft stoneware items. The Wolseong-dong type of tomb commonly features ironware, including flat-bladed iron axes, oblong cast iron axes, iron wire, iron chisels, and iron swords; a small slender, rectangular wooden coffin tomb with a shallow burial pit of less than sixty centimeters; and pottery of a type preceding soft stoneware, such as long-necked jars, triangular attached-rim pottery bowls and pots, and mounted vessels. There are also a few bronzeware items found in them, but no prestige goods. This study scrutinizes tombs in Tamni-ri in Uiseong, Hagu-ri in Gyeongju, and Hakjeongdong in Daegu by comparing them with the Wolseong-dong type, and it confirms that in Sinseodong in Daegu, Wolseong-dong type tombs and later Joyang-dong type tombs have separate spatial distributions within the site. This also indicates that the Wolseong-dong type is a valid categorization among wooden coffin tombs. Although the rise of the Wolseong-dong type tomb is associated with the migration of a group, I reserve judgement on whether its origins should be understood in the context of the iron culture in the southwestern region of South Korea that was sparked by King Jun's advance to the south or if they lie in the western region of North Korea. Either way, the Wolseong-dong type is thought to be the tombs of a group of people with lower hierarchical status than the occupants of the later Joyang-dong type.