• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2006

Purpose: To identify perimenstrual discomforts, coping and relief of symptoms in female workers. Methods: A convenience sample of 203 women who had worked were obtained from two hospitals in Busan. Data were collected through questionnaires from November 8 to 16, 2004. Three instruments were used in this study: the Perimenstrual Discomfort Questionnaire by Park(1988) and the Menstrual Coping Questionnaire and the Relief of Symptoms by Billings & Moos(1981) modified for this study. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA with SPSS 10.0 program. Results: The prevalence rate of dysmenorrhea was 81.3%. The total mean score for perimenstrual discomforts was 2.83 out of a possible total of 5 and the mean score for each category was, 3.08 for water retention, 2.95 for pain, 2.88 for negative affect, 2.83 for behavioral change, 2.73 for autonomic reactions, and 2.51 for concentration. According to these study results, statistical differences were found for age(F=2.76, p=0.04), feeling to menstruation(F=3.94, p=0.00), dysmenorrhea(t=4.26, p=0.00), and taking medication(t=2.09, p=0.00). The coping modes with the highest scores were 'take a hot bath'(99.0%)', 'rest and go to bed'(83.7%), 'regard menstruation as a physiological and temporary phenomenon'(76.8%), 'take a warm shower'(65.0%). The most frequently used methods to relieve symptoms were 'rest and go to bed'(70.0%), 'take a warm shower'(57.6%), 'take pain killers'(49.8%), 'apply hot water bag on painful parts of the body'(46.8%). Conclusion: Further research is needed to understand perimenstrual discomforts and the variables associated with them. Nursing intervention has to be considered in any program aiming to reduce perimenstrual discomforts.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SP-6 Seoam pellet therapy given to female university students in terms of menstrual pain, menstrual distress, and ADL difficulties. Methods: This study used a pre-test, post-test design with a nonequivalent control group. The participants were 68 female students in two universities. The experimental group(n=34) received Seoam pellet therapy at Sanyinjiao while the control group(n=34) received sham therapy. Data were collected from Sep. 16 to Nov. 30, 2012. Severity of menstrual pain, menstrual distress, and difficulty of ADL were assessed prior to and following treatment. Independent t-test, $x^2$ test, and repeated measures ANOVA were used for examination of group differences using the SPSS/WIN program. Results: Severity of menstrual pain (F=41.09, p<.001), menstrual distress (F=56.31, p<.001), and ADL difficulties (F=46.64, p<.001) showed a significant decrease in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Results indicate that this Seoam pellet therapy is effective in reducing menstrual pain, menstrual distress, and difficulty of ADL. Therefore, use of this method is recommended for relief of menstrual pain and menstrual distress through self-care.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2020

본 연구는 여대생의 월경통과 월경불편감을 감소시키고 일상생활수행능력을 향상 시키기위한 온열 및 운동요법을 병행한 테이핑 요법을 개발 및 적용하여 효과를 검증하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구는 D시의 K대학에서 월경통을 호소한 46명의 여대생으로 구성되었으며 실험군과 대조군 각각 23명이었다. 자료수집은 설문지를 사용하였고 자료분석은 SPSS 21 프로그램을 이용하였다. 키네시오 테이핑과 온열 및 운동요법을 병행한 테이핑 요법을 비교해본 결과 온열 및 운동요법을 병행한 테이핑 요법은 월경통 감소에 더 효과적임을 나타냈다(t = -3.034, p = .004). 본 연구에서 개발한 온열 및 운동을 병합 테이핑 요법은 여대생의 월경통을 완화시키고 일상생활수행 증진을 위한 더 효과적인 간호중재임을 알 수 있었다. 본 테이핑 요법은 비교적 간단한 방법이므로 향 후 월경통이 있는 여학생들을 대상으로 자가 간호 교육프로그램을 개발 및 적용하여 그 효과를 검증하는 연구를 제언한다.

• 감성과학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

월경은 모든 여성에게 불가피한 현상으로 이 기간에 이르는 불편의 경감은 여성의 풍요로운 삶을 위한 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 일회용과 다회용 패드 생리대의 소비자 사용평가를 통하여 생리대 사용에 따른 실질적인 문제점을 파악하고 소비자의 니즈에 맞게 개선하기 위한 기초 정보를 제공하는 데 목적을 두었다. 연구결과, 월경에 대한 응답자의 증상은 긍정보다는 부정적인 측면이 우세하여 생리기간이 고통스러운 경험으로 인식되고 있었으며 일회용 생리대와 다회용 생리대의 디자인, 성능, 맞음새, 사용감, 관리에 대한 긍정적, 부정적 평가 내용에 차이가 있었다, 스왓분석을 통해 일회용 생리대는 사용 편리성이 강점인 반면, 착용감이 약점으로, 다회용 생리대는 착용감이 강점인 반면, 관리 불편이 약점으로 제기되었다. 이러한 결과를 반영한 감성 설계가 이루어진다면 소비자는 보다 쾌적한 생리 기간을 영위할 수 있으며 궁극적으로 생산업체에 수익을 가져오는 상승효과를 불러올 수 있으리라 기대한다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2007

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of experience based menstrual education program on menstrual attitude and menstrual discomfort among female elementary students. Methods: Non-equivalent control group, pre-post test design was utilized for the study. The participants in the study were 122 female elementary students in P city. They were assigned into 2 groups: The experimental group of 62 and the control group of 60. The experience based education program consisted of 5 sessions with 40 minute length. For control group, no treatment was provided during the period. Post-tests were conducted just after the following menstrual period for both experimental and control groups. The data was analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. The t-tests were used to answer the research questions. Results: There were significant differences in menstrual attitude and menstrual discomfort between experimental and control groups, The students who participated in the program reported more positive attitude to the menstruation and less discomfort during menstrual period than the students who did not participate in the program. Conclusions: Experience based education had a positive influence on menstrual attitude and menstrual discomfort among female elementary students. Further application of the program would be beneficial for the female elementary students. Future research to standardize the program to the broader population is warranted.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.392-403
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• 2018

Purpose: To identify factors associated with menstrual distress and characterize the relationship between menstrual distress and sleep disturbance in middle-school girls. Methods: Participants in this correlational study were 117 middle-school girls who were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected from March 2018 to April 2018 using self-reported structured questionnaires and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. Factors associated with menstrual distress included physiological, psychological, and situational factors based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Results: Age of menarche (${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001), amount of menstruation (${\beta}=.23$, p=.004), lifestyle-related exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (${\beta}=.21$, p=.027), and academic and peer-relationship stress (${\beta}=.19$, p=.025) influenced menstrual distress, explaining 47.4% of the variance in this regression model. The relationship between menstrual distress and sleep disturbance was statistically significant. Sleep disturbance was increased 1.26 folds when dysmenorrhea score increased by one unit (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.01~1.58). However, parental support was not a significant moderating factor of sleep disturbance. Conclusion: This study provides basis to develop an intervention strategy to alleviate menstrual discomfort in adolescents and improve their quality of sleep.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to analyze the effect size of complementary and alternative intervention studies in reference to dysmenorrhea and menstrual distress. Methods: In order to conduct a meta-analysis, a total of 393 studies were retrieved from the database. Twenty-eight studies that were published from March 2001 to February 2011 were selected. Results: Intervention studies included seven studies on aromatherapy, five on auriculotherapy, three on each Koryo-Sooji-Chim and moxibustion, two on each heat therapy and magnetic therapy and six on other therapy. The effect size of the intervention studies on dysmenorrhea and menstrual distress was greater than 0.48 for Koryo-Sooji-Chim, moxibustion, aromatherapy, auriculotherapy and other therapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that drug free therapy can reduce the levels of menstrual distress, despite the small number of intervention studies and randomized controlled trials.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was carried out to identify premenstrual discomforts and coping patterns and their effects. Method: The participants of this study were 297 female university students in C area. The Menstrual Discomfort Questionaire (MDQ) and coping method lists were used as measurement tools. Results: There were significant differences premenstrual discomforts according to age (F=5.76, p=.003) and according to health condition (F=3.43, p=.034). The mean scores of the sub-categorical factors of premenstrual discomfort were 2.35 points for pain, 2.29 for instability and 2.25 for water retention. The worst symptoms among the subcategories of premenstrual discomfort were as follows: backache (M=2.68) in the pain subcategory, irritability (M=2.53) in the instability subcategory and swelling(M=2.40) in the water retention subcategory. Their common coping patterns were 'coping according to menstrual period', 'active behavioral coping' and 'evasional coping'. Frequently used coping methods were 'taking a rest and sleep (99.3%)' and 'taking a warm shower (86.2%)'. Effective coping methods were 'taking a rest and sleep (89.5%)' and 'taking a warm shower (87.1%)'. Conclusion: Most participants have their own coping pattern. Some methods were very effective to PMS but some were not effective to PMS. To manage PMS, effective coping methods should be encouraged for female university students. To keep up with effective coping, education and counseling should be continued. It is considered necessary to make the same research with a larger number of samples and more specified assessment.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.212-221
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of foot reflexology on premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in female college students. The research design of this study was a quasi-experimental design. Of the forty female college students, twenty were assigned to the experimental group and, twenty to the control group. The data were obtained over 2 months(November 26, 2001 to January 31, 2002) from a nursing of C college located in S city. The instrument used to assess premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea was Keele's VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) and opening records. Subjects in the experimental group received foot reflexology for 6 times with 1 hours during 60 days, and subjects assigned to the control group did not receive foot reflexology. Data were analysed with percentage, mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, unpaired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA, using SAS Program. The results of the study are as follow, 1.The symptoms which the group of experimental and the group of control discomforts the most are sensitiveness(35%), abdominal pain (30%),lower abdominal pain (30%) and lumbago (20%). The method of relieve premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea by which the subjects employ the most to solve their premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea is the getting along by enduring(67.5%) and bed rest (32.5%). 2.The mean score of the premenstrual syndromes and dysmenorrhea before foot reflexology was 8.35, it was 4.16 at the first menstruation after foot reflexology and 3.25 at the second menstruation for the experimental group. 3.The relieved symptoms after foot reflexology was fatigue(50%), insomnia(40%), abdominal pain(35%), lower abdominal pain (30%) and constipation(30%). Foot reflexology was effective in improve the symptoms of the female college students who have the premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.631-641
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• 2001

This study is to investigate women have pre menstruation discomfort, The period of this research was almost one month (from 25, August 2001 to 25, October 2001). The PAF (Premenstrual assessment form), which was made by Park, Myonng-Wha, used for this study. The confidence rate is Crombach's $\alpha$= .9773. Correcting research papers are analyzed by SPSS 7.5 program and normal feature of the subject is divided by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The average age of the subjects is 26.47 age. 220 subjects(44.6%) have gastroenteric trouble like, enteritis, stomachache, laxity. 278 subjects usually have caffeine drink in routine life. 123 subjects(24.9%) have controlled their diet. The average age of the first plowing is 13.55 ages and distribution is between 10 years and 20 years. The average of the uncomfortable point is 2.84. The way to reduce the uncomfortable feeling on the menstruation is taking relax time. 2. All subjects have experienced pre menstruation discomfort, even the degree uncomfortable feeling is different. Through eighteenth categories on the research papers, average point 2.21 were calculated and many subjects have fatigue ($2.89{\pm}1.0614$) and normal physical uncomfortable ($2.84{\pm}1.0633$) and undercurrent water symptom and unsuitability ($2.45{\pm}0.9857$). 3. According to the result of this study, that shows statistical difference; age (F=2.56. p=.037). marriage (t=2.60, p=.009) the number of children(t=2.83, p=.005), stress level(F=13.03, p=.000) job(F=3.91, p=.020). monthly income(t=2.14. p=.032) uncomfortable degree on the menstruation (F=19.121, p=.000), use of contraceptive appliance or pill(t=-2.20, p=.043), schooling (F=3.30, p=.038). Further research is need to understand pie menstruation discomforts, the variables associated with them. And nursing intervention has to considered in program to reduces of pre-menstruation discomforts.