• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2006.07a
• /
• pp.155-156
• /
• 2006

현행 CBP(변동비 반영 전력시장)시장에서는 송전비용은 부과하고 않고 있으며, 제약비용은 제약(CON)/비제약(COFF) 발전비용을 Uplift로 일괄하여 정산하면서 이것을 송전계통제약으로 발생하는 비용으로 규정하고 있다. 그러나 송전망을 소유하고 있는 송전회사로서는 전체 제약비용 중에서 순수한 송전제약비용을 파악할 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 2005년 계통을 기준으로 이미 건설되어 운영되고 있는 송전선로를 대상으로 송전선로의 유/무에 따른 송전제약 비용을 비교함으로서 송전선로 건설에 따른 제약비용의 감소효과 즉, 송전선로 건설의 경제적 가치를 판단할 수 있는 기반을 제시할 수 있다고 본다. 송전선로 건설과 제약비용의 검토(1)의 논문에서는 송전제약비용과 이를 검토한 방법을 검토하였다. 본 논문에서는 이 방법을 적용한 틀을 사용하여 2005년 계통을 직접 검토하였다.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
• /
• no.8 s.140
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 1988

• 시스템엔지니어링워크숍
• /
• s.1
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2003

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
• /
• no.9 s.141
• /
• pp.32-38
• /
• 1988

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.471-478
• /
• 2012

A carbon capture and storage (CCS) plays a very important role to reduce $CO_2$ dramatically in $CO_2$ emission sources which are distributed throughout various areas. Numerous research works have been undertaken to analyze the techno-economic feasibility of planning the CCS infrastructure. However, uncertainties such as $CO_2$ emissions, $CO_2$ reduction costs, and carbon taxes may exist in various impact factors of the CCS infrastructure. However, few research works have adopted these uncertainties in designing the CCS infrastructure. In this study, a two-stage stochastic programming model is developed for planning the CCS infrastructure under uncertain operating costs and carbon taxes. It can help determine where and how much $CO_2$ to capture, store or transport for the purpose of minimizing the total annual $CO_2$ reduction cost in handling the uncertainties while meeting the $CO_2$ mitigation target. The capability of the proposed model to provide correct decisions despite changing the operating costs and carbon taxes is tested by applying it to a real case study based on Korea. The results will help to determine planning of a CCS infrastructure under uncertain environments.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.111-128
• /
• 2019

In the current procurement system in Korean military, the army, navy and air force have their own distributors, military branches and warehouses. However, especially, it has been hard to have the economy of scale because most of suppliers have shipped their order from the suppliers to each of Korean military directly. Koran military considers the transportation cost as one of the management cost factors among various kinds of cost. Furthermore they have contracted with the suppliers in annual and collectively on the transportation. Hence they have been in trouble with getting efficiency of Defense budget execution because it is hard to make a decision of Defense budget with real transportation cost. Moreover Korean army, navy and air force have their own supply chain separately, so they can not cooperate flexible and quickly when they need. Therefore, in this research, we provide a benchmarking of DTCI (Defense Transportation Coordination Initiative) which has been proved that it has improved the procurement system in US implementing the integrated transportation system with 3PL and military. In addition we propose advanced integrated shipping model using Hub & Spoke system for Korean military. In order to prove its effect, we simulate our model based on the real data of the suppliers' delivery to compare with the current system when it comes to how much we can save the cost. Our research can provide evidence that the integrated procurement system in Korean military will improve Korean military procurement system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.12-21
• /
• 2013

Fare is critical variable when deciding project feasibility for a monorail system in tour regions. This study aims to estimate optimal fare balancing operators and users. An object of this study is Wolmi-eunha circulation monorail at Jung-Gu, Wolmido in Incheon metropolitan city. This study introduces a stepwise optimization technique to decide relevant fare ranges between operator's cost and user's cost. We found that the optimized station interval is 0.532km, the optimized headway is 0.206hour, optimal number of stations is 12, optimal number of vehicles is 3. Using these optimized variables, minimum user cost and minimum operator cost can be calculated. Optimal fare range is calculated from 1,261 Won to 5,063 Won. It is also found that sightseeing transport system has less sensitivity on access cost because distance differences among sightseeing transport stations located in the tour regions are negligible.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.652-658
• /
• 2009

As the rate of personnel expenses of contact center operating costs is the highest, we can reduce operating costs, if we answer a automatic phone call wholly or partially. The MCS(Managed Contact Services) play an important role in cost reduction and work efficiency related with voice self-services. The excellent functions of the MCS are able to implement self-service applications in network connected with effective network routing of the enterprise. The MCS makes a proper consultant rapidly response and process customer calls, improve customer processing services, and consequently increase customer satisfaction. The increase of customer satisfaction lead to improve profits and reduce the cost of building contact center infrastructure. In this paper, we analyze the contact center line capacity and PBX capacity based on the MCS. We can reduce communication costs and personnel expenses by reducing the call shifting need between consultants and rapidly solving customer questions with the MCS.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.161-194
• /
• 2018

This study examines performances of cooperatives relative to investor-owned firms in the US electric power industry. Using a panel data of firms from 2001 to 2014, the results show that cooperatives operate under conditions of more difficult capital constraints associated with the higher cost of debt and limited access to external equity capital. While investor-owned utilities, especially the large utilities that are less capital constrained, take benefits from substantial scale economies existing in the industry, the marginal cost of operation substantially increases with output for cooperatives. I do not find differences in profitability between the two ownership structures, measured by return on assets and return on equity. Plant capacity utilization, which is a measure of plant efficiency conditional on the operation, is also not statistically different between the two groups.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.34 no.8
• /
• pp.549-556
• /
• 2012

T-P removal efficiency was analyzed according to the metal to initial T-P ratio (mole basis) with respect to the samples from different WWTPs having various initial T-P and SS conditions. Also, operating costs were calculated based on the injected coagulant amount and the amount of sludge production. Most experiments were conducted by the standard jar-test protocol. Molar ratio of coagulant dose was varied considerably according to the initial SS concentration range in secondary clarifier effluent samples which had above 0.5 mg/L of initial T-P. Based on 90% T-P removal efficiency, results were: At the initial SS range of below 10 mg/L, Alum (8%) = 11 mol Al/mol P needed and PAC (17%) = 9.6 mol Al/mol P needed; At the initial SS range of above 10 mg/L, Alum (8%) = 3.9 mol Al/mol P needed and PAC (17%) = 3.2 mol Al/mol P needed.