• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.281-292
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• 2004

This pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of systematic variation appling of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn on forage performance of orchardgrass and white clover, The treatments of systematic variation were 0/100. 25/75, 50/50. 75/25, and $100/0\%$ in the Fe/Cu, Mn/Zn, and Fe+Cu/Mn+Zn trials, respectively. The treatments of Fe/Mn/Cu/Zn trial were $70\%$ in main-element and $10\%$ in other 3sub-elements. 1 . General differences had been showed in the relative contents, uptake amounts, and mutual ratios of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn between orchardgrass and white clover. The effects of Fe application on the all traits were generally insignificant. The Mn and Cu applications, however, showed consistent differences in the all traits. At the high relative content of Mn in the forages influenced by the Mn application, the relative contents of Fe, Cu and Zn were greatly decreased without the significant differences in common content. 2. The increase of uptake amount of each micronutrient was not positively correspond to the yield increase. In some cases, the uptake amount of micronutrient was greatly increased without the significant increase of yield. At the Mn application, the Mn uptake amount was relatively much more increased than increase of the yield. The uptake amount of each element was significantly increased by the application with Mn and Cu. However, it was not in the case of Fe and Zn. 3. The mutual ratios of micronutrients were more influenced by the applications of Mn and Cu, especially Mn, than those by the applications of Fe and Zn. In the Fe/cu trial, the ratios of Fe/Cu showed 6.0~ 10.5 in orchardgrass and 10.2~ $16.4\%$ level of difference in white clover. In the Fe+Cu/Mn+Zn trial, the ratios of Mn/Cu, Mn/Zn, and Fe/Mn were greatly influenced by the treatments. It has been also found that the poor growth of white clover was caused by the unbalanced ratios of Fe/Mn, and it tended to be enhanced by the good applications and mutual ratios of other elements.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2003

Growth and mineral composition of young radish in soil amended with sewage sludge (ISS) with or without liming were investigated. Levels of EC, T-N, and micronutrients were increased in the ISS treatment (50 Mg/ha) compared to the NPK treatment but those of available P and exchangeable cations were decreased. Chlorosis was appear on the young radish leaf at the ISS treatment, but this phytotoxic symptom was corrected with lime amendment (3 Mg/ha). Yields of young radish leaf and root in the combined treatment of ISS and lime were increased about 29 and 48%, respectively, compared with those in the ISS treatment. Contents of P, K, Ca, and Mg in young radish were higher in the combined treatment to ISS and lime, whereas those contents in the ISS treatment were lower than those in the NPK treatment. Contents of Cu, Zn, and Ni in soil and young radish leaf were positively correlated with total N content in young radish leaf, while contents of P, K, Ca, and Mg were negatively correlated. Contents of Cu, Zn, and Ni in leaf were negatively correlated with yield of young radish. Contents of Cu and Zn in leaf corresponding with a 5% yield reduction of young radish were 22.4 and 349 mg/kg, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2001

This pot experiments was conducted to find out the forage productivity and quality in a grass/clover sward as affected by the application of three different fertilizers; double superphosphate(DS), fused Mg-phosphate(FP), and complex fertilizer(CF) on newly reclaimed hilly soil. This 2nd part was concerned with the contents and yields of mineral nutrients and general components. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The concentrations of P, Ca. Mg, and Na by the forage species were relatively higher in the CF plots than in the FP and DS plots. The yields of mineral nutrients by the forage species were high in the order: CF>FP>DS plots. Especially. these were higher in the ladino clover and mixed forages than in orchardgrass. 2 The contents of crude protein and crude ash were highest with the CF plots, compared with the FP and DS plots. The yields of general components in the ladino clover and mixed forages were apparently highest with the CF plots. whereas these in orchardgrass not showed consistent differences among the plots. It was recognized that the positive effects on the concentrations and yields of mineral nutrients and general components in forages were higher in the order: CF＞FP＞DS plots.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.4
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• pp.51-54
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• 1965

The study was initiated to investigate the nature of varietal resistance to the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis WALKER), specially the rotation of the resistance to the silica and nitrogen content of the host Plants. 1. The body freight of the larvae, reared on the stem of the various varieties of rice plants, when weighed at the age of 25 days old, showed great variation, and ranged from 21.24 mgrs. to 45.77 mgrs. depending on the used varieties of tile rice plants. And generally the varieties of Indica types were showed greater body weight than that of Japonica types in this experiments. 2. The positive correlation coefficients of percent survivals to body weight, developement, oviposition preference and rate of damage to host plants were significant, and consequently the percent survival could be used as a criteria of resistance. 3. The content of silica in the host plants was significantly correlated with both the degree of boring on the leaf and attractovemess of larvae, and the total nitrogen content of plants showed significant positive correlation coefficient with larval attractivenes, but not significant with the degree of boring on the leaf. 4. Since the attractiveness and boring manner were significantyly correlated to resistance criteria of rice plant to the pest, it could be considered that the resistance is the results of chain reaction of the factors mentioned above.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.3
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• pp.14-20
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• 1985

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of whole layer placement of total of N.P.K. application with clay mineral such as Bentonits and Zeolite on the growth and the yield of rice in different sandy soils. The results obtained were as follows ; The yield was increased by whole layer placement of total amount of N.P.K. application with clay minerals in both soils examined compared with the treatment of N.P.K. only. In fine sandy loam soil, it was increased significantly at 5% level at N.P.K. + Zeolite 1.0 M/T and in fine sandy soil, at 5 % and 1 % at N.P.K. + Bentonits 0.5 M/T and N.P.K. + Bentonite 1.0 M/T, respectively. The nitrogen and silica content of rice straw at heading stage were increased and were tended to increase in phosphate and exchangeable cations such as potassium. calcium and magnesium by whole layer placement of total amount of N.P.K. application with clay mineral. The chemical properties of both soils were changed slightly after the harvest of rice by the whole layer placement of total amount of N.P.K. application with clay mineral ; pH, C.E.C., exchangeable base and available silica content were increased.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to investigate the optimum nitrogen fertilization conditions for the production of high-quality Rhodiola rosea L. in forcing culture. Up until 48 kg N/10 a of both urea and ammonium sulfate, dry matter yield of root of Rhodiola rosea L. tended to increase with increase in application rates, however, it decreased thereafter in higher application rates. In the case of urea, the content of salidroside in the root of the Rhodiola rosea L. appeared to decrease rapidly from the application rates of 64 kg N/10 a and over. Meanwhile, the content of salidroside in the root tended to decrease gradually with the application rates exceeding 64 kg N/10 a of ammonium sulfate. The optimum fertilization rates of urea and ammonium sulfate was 45-8-20-10-10 (N-P-K-Ca-Mg) kg/10 a according to the curvilinear regression equation. However, considering the nitrogen accumulation in soil, nitrogen translocation into the plant, and dry matter yield and content of salidroside in the root of Rhodiola rosea L., the optimum fertilization rates of urea and ammonium sulfate would be 40-8-20-10-10 kg/10 a and 35-8-20-10-10 kg/10 a, respectively.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.578-586
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• 2016

In this study, we evaluated the effects of soil incorporation of crotalaria as a green manure on the growth and yields of 'Seolhyang' strawberry and inorganic soil nitrogen levels in a greenhouse. Four different N treatments were used, as follows: zero N fertilizer (control), crotalaria, crotalaria with 50% urea, and 100% urea. The recommended N requirement (100% urea) for strawberry was $86kgN{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ and 50% of the recommended N (50% urea) was $43kgN{\cdot}ha^{-1}$. Crotalaria was sowed on June $17^{th}$, 2011 and cultivated for 37 days. The amount of N supply from soil incorporation of crotalaria was $104kgN{\cdot}ha^{-1}$. Strawberry was planted on September $9^{th}$, 2011 and cultivated for 255 days after planting. The concentrations of soluble solids and acidity of strawberry fruits for the crotalaria treatment were higher than for the crotalaria with 50% urea and 100% urea treatments. On the other hand, the growth and yield of strawberry was the highest for the crotalaria with 50% urea and 100% urea treatments, followed by the crotalaria treatment, and the lowest for the control. Soil inorganic N concentration for the crotalaria treatment was continuously decreased to $24mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ at the end of the growing season, while crotalaria with 50% urea and 100% urea treatments maintained an inorganic N concentration that ranged from 35 to $50mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$. These results indicate that the amount of N supply from soil incorporation of crotalaria may not be enough because strawberry yield was lower than for other N treatments. Therefore, additional nitrogen, such as 50% urea after soil incorporation of crotalaria, is recommended.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 1996

This study was conducted to observe the heavy matal contents of paddy soil and brown rice under long term fertilization with different soil amelioration materials. The contents of 0.1N HCl extractable Cu and Zn of surface soil increased in the plots of long term application with urea, ammonium sulfate, compost, lime and silicate fertilizers. The Cu and Zn contents of brown rice showed decreasing trends in same treatments of fertilizers and soil amelioration materials. But the contents of Cd and Pb in soil and brown rice were not affected in long term fertilization with soil amelioration materials.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.19
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• pp.25-31
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• 1975

In order to increase the rate of ripening during the grain-forming stage the partial dressing was introduced with the ordinary dressing comparatively. Two different rice varieties, Bong-kwang(early) and Nong-kwang (moderate), grown at the fine sand alluvial soil of River, Han Kimpo, were investigated. To evaluate the photosynthetic ability of these treatments assimilation rate of Carbon-14 was effectively carried out with the active leaves of rice at the maturing stage, and the inorganic constituents of leaves, stem, leaf sheath and grain were analyzed. All the data on the photosynthetic ability, inorganic constituent and yield determining were discussed with the point of continual phloem translocation between those plant organs.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.231-238
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• 1986

This field experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of three levels of inclination ($10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$) and four rates of $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ (0-0-0, 14-10-10, 28-25-25, and 42-40-40 kg/10a) on the hilly pasture concerning to establishment, forage yield and quality, and botanical composition in the mixed grass-clover sward set up on a new reclaimed woodland by an oversowing method. This part was concerned with the concentration and mutual balance of mineral nutrients in relation to grass tetany hazard. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Concentration of exchangeable Mg, relative proportions of Mg to CEC, K, and Ca in soil were considerably below the critical level for good forage growth and prevention of grass tetany. These properties were rather worsened by increasing the inclination grade and the NPK rate. 2. Compared with the critical level for the likelihood of tetany (Mg < 0.2%, K > 2.5%, and K/(Ca+Mg) equivalent ratio > 2.2 in forages in DM basis), mean concentration of Mg in mixed forages turned out to range from 0.09 to 0.14%. 2.6% of K concentration and 2.5 of K/(Ca+Mg) equivalent ratio were shown to be at a normal NPK rate. The likelihood of grass tetany was generally enhanced by increasing the inclination grade and the NPK rate. 3. The increasing of the inclination grade and NPK rate rather aggravated the low Mg concentration and unbalanced mutual ratios of mineral nutrients, from which resulted the grass tetany hazard and the depression of forage growth. To prevent these two resulted factors, Mg fertilization on grassland and/or extra Mg supplement to dairy cattle needed to be carried out. 4. The Ca/P ratios in the mixed forages ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 were reduced by the increased rate of NPK, whereas the difference due to inclination grade was yet to be recognized.