• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of post-traumatic growth in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 120 patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Their general characteristics, disease-related characteristics, perceived illness intrusiveness, levels of optimism, social support, and post-traumatic growth were assessed through self-administered questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, oneway ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score of post-traumatic growth was 52.74 points(total score of 92 points). Among the subscales of post-traumatic growth, levels of the preciousness of life were the highest, and relating with others was the lowest. The post-traumatic growth was found to be significantly correlated with optimism (r=.48, p<.001), social support (r=.47, p<.001), and depression (r=-.37 p<.001). Factors associated with post-traumatic growth were optimism (β=.36, p<.001), social support (β=.31, p<.001), and depression (β=-.27, p<.001). Conclusion: Given that prevalence of gastrointestinal cancer is increasing in Korea, identifying general, psychological, and social factors affecting post-traumatic growth among this population will be helpful in clinical practice. Integrated strategies to increase optimism and social support and lower depression should be considered to improve the post-traumatic growth of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of depression, optimism and posttraumatic growth on health-related quality of life in female breast cancer survivors received adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: In total, 115 female breast cancer survivors participated in this descriptive correlational study. The participants answered self-report questionnaires. Data were collected from 1 June 2020 to 10 June 2020, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS for Windows ver. 24.0. Results: The mean age of the breast cancer survivors was 45.83 years. The mean score for the degree of health-related quality of life was 81.85 out of 148 points. Participants' scores for health-related quality of life differed significantly based on economic status (F=5.36 p=.006) and hobbies (t=-3.37, p=.001). Health-related quality of life was negatively correlated with depression (r=-.73, p<.001), and positively correlated with optimism (r=.65, p<.001) and posttraumatic growth (r=.28, p=.002). Depression (𝛽=-.55, p<.001) was the most significant factor that affects health-related quality of life, followed by optimism (𝛽=.29, p<.001), and post-traumatic growth (𝛽=.12, p=.048), which together accounted for 62.2% (F=63.61, p<.001) of the variance. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop educational programs for breast cancer survivors to reduce depression, increase optimism and post-traumatic growth, and improve the health-related quality of life. By adapting these programs, positiveness may increase and this may lead to improvement of health-related quality of life for breast cancer survivors.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.260-266
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• 2010

Trauma to the primary teeth may have an effect on the successive permanent teeth. Thus, the treatment plans should be focused on safety of their permanent teeth. The degree of developmental disturbances in those permanent teeth depends upon many factors including the age of the children, developmental conditions of the affected teeth, types and severities of trauma and time interval from the moment of trauma to the initial treatment the patients received. The complications of the effected permanent teeth vary from the mild enamel hypoplasia to the premature finishing of teeth development. In this study, children whose ages were 33 months, 5 years, and 26 months presented the developmental disturbances to their permanent teeth, which resulted from the trauma to the primary teeth: the intrusion, the avulsion, and the subluxation. There showed a mild complication in the case of subluxation resulting in enamel hypoplasia, but, the more severe complication of the root dilacerations occurred in the case of intrusion. Furthermore, the 5-year-old patient whose primary dentition was near in transition period to the permanent one, the more complicated problem such as stop of root development of the permanent teeth was resulted from the avulsion. Thus, one should assume that the types of trauma and the age of the children at the moment of trauma have different effects on those successive permanent teeth. In conclusion, when the trauma that causes changes in the position of primary teeth happened, it is important to arrange an appropriate treatment procedure considering the types of trauma and the developmental conditions of the permanent teeth.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.399-406
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• 2011

Traumatic injury on tooth occurs frequently among trauma patients, and mainly occurs on tooth with premature roots which influences pulp tissue, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and Hertwig's epithelial root sheath. According to the degree of trauma, a number of kinds of healing process can be observed, such as complete re-vascularization of pulp, root canal obliteration, growth suspension of root apex, and invasion of alveolar bone into root canal, and there can be some complications such as necrotic change of inflammatory root resorption and partial pulp necrosis due to pulp necrosis toward complete necrosis. In this clinical case, 3 patients who had traumatic injury showed root growth suspension and alveolar bone invasion into root canal due to proliferation of periodontal ligament cell and osteocyte at the base of extraction socket into pulp chamber because of the injury on Hertwig's epithelial root sheath. If intrusion of alveolar bone into root canal due to injury on Hertwig's epithelial root sheath after having traumatic injury doesn't show any complication, the pulp may be considered to have normal vitality and doesn't need any further treatment, therefore differential diagnosis is very necessary. However, it may be accompanied with suspension of root growth, therefore, additional trauma during the treatment of injured tooth should not be applied.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.640-646
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• 2009

In case of luxation injuries, loss of tooth vitality is common. And in case of trauma in the immature permanent teeth, precise diagnosis of pulp necrosis is very difficult. That is because limitation in distinguishing between normal dental papilla in immature permanent teeth, transient apical breakdown(TAB), which is part of normal healing process, and apical radiolucency in pulp necrosis. Especially in non-vital immature permanent tooth, the treatment is complex and requires long time. This clinical case report shows that severely infected immature teeth with periradicular periodontitis can undergo healing and apexogenesis or maturogenesis with no definative treatment or after conservative treatment. In the cases reported, we emphasize the considerable power of regeneration of the tooth, probably due to its large number of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the dental papilla, pulp tissue, periodontal ligament tissues. Thus, when endodontic treatment in immature permanent teeth, over instrumentation is not recommend for preserve the apical vital stem cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.105-112
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• 2016

The current study examined the relationships between disaster victims' post-trauma risk and posttraumatic growth, and the mediational role of social support for this relationships. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that income status would moderate the relationship between post-trauma risk and subjective well-being. Two hundred disaster victims completed Post-trauma Risk Checklist (PRC), Posttraumatic growth scale, Social support scale and Concise Measure of Subjective Well-Being (COMOSWB) as well as questions about their demographic characteristics. Results showed that those with high post-trauma risk demonstrated significantly higher levels of posttraumatic growth as compared to those with low post-trauma risk and social support partially mediated this relationship. Also, high levels of post-trauma risk predicted low levels of recent subjective well-being. Participants with high income obtained higher subjective well-being than did those with low income among high post-trauma risk groups. Implications for post-trauma risk and posttraumatic growth are discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.348-359
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to construct and test a structural model for the Post-traumatic Growth (PTG) of police officers. The conceptual model is based on Calhoun and Tedeschi's PTG theory. Methods: Data were collected from 269 police officers working at 10 police stations in Seoul from September 26 to October 9, 2017. The exogenous variable was traumatic experiences, and endogenous variables were pain perception, self disclosure, social support, deliberate rumination, and PTG. The collected data were analyzed in order to calculate the direct and indirect effects of factors affecting PTG using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The hypothetical model showed a good fit to the data: 𝑥²/df=2.57, GFI=.90, CFI=.95, TLI=.91, RMSEA=.07, SRMR=.07. The hypothetical model showed a similar result with the data, and out of 10 paths, 7 were statistically significant. The model explained 36% of the variance in the PTG of police officers. The model confirmed that social support and deliberate rumination had a direct effect, and that self-disclosure had an indirect effect on police officers' PTG. Conclusion: Nursing intervention programs to increase PTG of police officers should focus on deliberate rumination, social support, and self-disclosure. In addition, they should be accompanied by various crisis managements and consultations that can promote PTG.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explain a structural model of posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses based on existing models and a literature review and verify its effectiveness. Methods: Data were collected from psychiatric nurses in one special city, four metropolitan cities, and three regional cities from February to March 2016. Exogenous variables included hardiness and distress perception, while endogenous variables included self-disclosure, social support, deliberate rumination, and posttraumatic growth. Data from 489 psychiatric nurses were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 and AMOS 20.0. Results: The modified model was a good fit for the data. Tests on significance of the pathways of the modified model showed that nine of the 14 paths were supported, and the explanatory power of posttraumatic growth by included variables in the model was 69.2%. For posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses, deliberate rumination had a direct effect as the variable that had the largest influence. Indirect effects were found in the order of hardiness, social support, and distress perception. Self-disclosure showed both direct and indirect effects. Conclusion: A strategy to improve deliberate rumination is necessary when seeking to improve posttraumatic growth among psychiatric nurses. Enhancing psychiatric nurses' hardiness before trauma would enable them to actively express negative emotions after trauma, allowing them to receive more social support. This would improve deliberate rumination and consequently help promote psychological growth among psychiatric nurses who have experienced trauma.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.223-238
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was a) to examine the effect of positive family relationships on post-traumatic growth in cancer patients, and b) to verify the moderating effect of spiritual sensitivity. Methods: The subjects were cancer patients, both outpatients and inpatients selected from major hospitals specialized in cancer treatment using judgement sampling. A self-administered questionnaire survey was given to cancer patients, and a total of 208 cases were collected but only 201 cases were used in the final analysis due to seven unclear and inadequate questionnaires. We performed descriptive statistics to identify the prevalence for each variable, and the moderating effect was verified through multiple regression analysis. Results: The main results are as follows. First, the average post-traumatic growth of the subjects was 3.01 (0-5 points). Second, the positive family relations of the subjects were 2.58 (0-5 points) and the average of spiritual sensitivity was 2.93 (1-5 points). Third, positive family relationship of cancer patients was positively correlated to post-traumatic growth, and spiritual sensitivity was verified as a moderator to positive family relationship enhancing the post -traumatic growth. Conclusion: These findings imply the importance of post-traumatic growth in cancer patients as a key intervention point to overcome pain and frustration from cancer. We suggest to develop family therapy programs and services aimed at fostering positive family relationships and meeting the needs of spiritual sensitivity for cancer patients and their families. This study also provides ways to promote post-traumatic growth in social welfare facilities in medical institutions and religious foundations.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.98-108
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the factors influencing the posttraumatic growth (PTG) in patients with lung cancer and to provide basic data for nursing intervention development to improve PTG and adaptation. Methods: The study included 126 non-small cell lung cancer patients initially diagnosed at the Lung Cancer Center, C University Hospital in S city, Gyeonggi-do. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, posttraumatic growth, cancer coping, social support, and resilience. Data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean score for PTG in lung cancer patients was 56.39, cancer coping was 61.31, social support was 61.09, and resilience was 92.77. Significant positive correlations were found for PTG and cancer coping (r=.75, p<.001), social support (r=.52, p<.001) and resilience (r=.63, p<.001). Factors contributing to PTG of lung cancer patients were cancer coping (β=.53 p<.001), perceived health status(β=.20, p=.002), resilience (β=.21, p=.010) and importance of religion (β=.15, p=.013). This model explained about 64.0% of variances of PTG (F=29.58, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop new nursing intervention programs to improve PTG for patients with lung cancer based on strategies to enhance coping and resilience to recovery. Longitudinal studies examining temporal changes in PTG among patients with lung cancer are suggested for future studies in this regard.