• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 1983

In order to verify any relationship between phosphorus content and buffer action vs. palatability of a foodstuff the present investigation was conducted on 28 items of foodstuff of both plant and animal and the followings are succinct report. In general, Foodstuffs of animal origin contained more phosphorus than those of plant origin. Foodstuffs with more phosphorus content were tended to have more buffer action. The palatability seems to be related with the capacity of buffer action.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.40-44
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• 1988

This paper was carried out to investigate the relation of pH, aciidity and sourness during Kimchi fermentation and preservatives on Kimchi fermentation. Na-acetate, Na-malate, K-sorbate and K-sorbate+acetic acid were added to Kimchi samples. These Kimchi samples were fomented for 7 days at $37^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. In the experiment about the sourness and buffer action by organic salts which showed that the intensity of sourness was differented by the difference of pH in the same acidity. Na-acetate (0.3%) and Na-malate (0.3%) acted as good buffer, whereas K-sorbate (0.1%) and K-sorbate (0.1%)+acetic acid (0.05%) acted as lactobacilli growth enhancer in the fermentation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.122-123
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• 2000

일반적으로 고형물을 함유하는 통조림 제조에 있어 고형물을 캔에 충진할 경우 물이나 시럽, 조미액 및 식용유 등 Packing medium을 첨가하는데 이 Packing medium 을 첨가하는 목적은 관내의 조미가 가능하고 가열살균하는데 대류전열의 매체로 작용하며 관내에 봉입되는 공기량을 줄일수 있고 관충격에 대하여 완충작용을 하는 역할이 있기 때문이기는 하나 관의 중량이 무겁게 되고 가용성 성분의 희석, 흡수와 팽윤에 따른 육질의 연화 등 단점이 되기도 한다. (중략)

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.30-58
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• 2022

The deep geological repository for high-level radioactive waste disposal is a multi barrier system comprised of engineered barriers and a natural barrier. The long-term integrity of the deep geological repository is affected by the coupled interactions between the individual barrier components. Erosion and piping phenomena in the compacted bentonite buffer due to buffer-rock interactions results in the removal of bentonite particles via groundwater flow and can negatively impact the integrity and performance of the buffer. Rapid groundwater inflow at the early stages of disposal can lead to piping in the bentonite buffer due to the buildup of pore water pressure. The physiochemical processes between the bentonite buffer and groundwater lead to bentonite swelling and gelation, resulting in bentonite erosion from the buffer surface. Hence, the evaluation of erosion and piping occurrence and its effects on the integrity of the bentonite buffer is crucial in determining the long-term integrity of the deep geological repository. Previous studies on bentonite erosion and piping failed to consider the complex coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical behavior of bentonite-groundwater interactions and lacked a comprehensive model that can consider the complex phenomena observed from the experimental tests. In this technical note, previous studies on the mechanisms, lab-scale experiments and numerical modeling of bentonite buffer erosion and piping are introduced, and the future expected challenges in the investigation of bentonite buffer erosion and piping are summarized.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1994.05a
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• pp.34-54
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• 1994

1. 고형배지특성 (1) 물리화학성 토양재배에서는 토양이 갖고 있는 다양한 완충작용, 즉 보수, 통기성, 비료성분의 보유능력이 대단히 높기 때문에 연작장해가 없는 한 작물생산에서 안정적 생산이 가능하다. 반면에 양액재배에서는 이러한 완충능을 기대하기가 어렵다. 특히 배지에 따른 물리화학성의 차이가 있고 이들 배지의 활용을 근본적으로 근권환경의 제어라는 측면에서 기존의 토양재배보다 높은 생산성과 고품질을 요구하고 있는 실정이기 때문에 배지에 따른 적정 근권환경제어가 필요하다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.569-574
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• 1997

In order to study the effect of ozone treated-CSP(crab shell powders) addition in kimchi on shelf-life, sensory quality, neutralization and buffer action during fermentation at 10"C were investigated. The edible periods of kimchi containing 2% CSP by investigating pH and acidity were prolonged by 40 and 33 days, respectively. CSP in kimchi showed strong neutralization action for 0~25 days and buffer action after 25 days during fermentation. The slow and complete neutralization action of 3% CSP in 2% lactic acid solution was observed. Amounts of lactic acid, which 2% CSP in kimchi was capable of absorption by buffer action during fermentation, was 0.07~0.3%. The studies of sensory quality improvement for CSP added kimchi was demanded in the furture.ture.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 2002

Buffer capacities for two Bo horizon soils or Andisols developed from different parent materials have been investigated. The titration curves from column leaching experiment show that buffering occurred at pH 4.0 and 6.0. The buffer intensity or soil developed from pyroclastic materials (P-soil) is higher than that from basalts (B-soil). From batch test we have found that proto-imogolite and/or imogolite may control Al solubility as well as $Al(OH) _3$in the moderate acid condition. The buffer intensities ($\beta$) of P-soils were plotted on the theoretical buffering curve of $Al(OH)_3$, while $\beta$ of B-soils approached to that of proto-imogolite, which shows the solubility of short-range-order materials in P-soil control the buffer capacity. Buffering at pH 6.0 is thought to be the result of dissolution of some silicate clays and exchange reactions between $H^{+ }$and base-forming cations. Considering the amount of annual acid precipitation, aluminum solubility of Andisols, and the low BS (Base Saturation percentage), it can be predicted that prolonged acid precipitation will reduce the buffer capacity of soils and lead to soil acidification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.361-362
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 벤토나이트 완충재를 처분공에 설치하였을 때 벤토나이트와 암반의 상호작용을 중심으로 이의 포화과정을 제대로 모사할 수 있는 지와, 현장암반의 절리가 수치해석 결과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 파악하는 것이다. 유한차분 해석코드인 TOUGH2 코드를 이용하여 벤토나이트의 수리거동을 분석하였다. 해석결과 암반의 절리가 존재할 경우 완충재의 포화도는 상대적으로 매우 빠르게 진행되었으며, 벤토나이트의 높은 모세관 압력으로 인해 시간경과에 따라 주변암반의 포화도가 점진적으로 감소됨을 확인하였다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.561-577
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• 2021

The compacted bentonite buffer in a geological repository for high-level radioactive waste disposal is saturated due to groundwater inflow. Saturation of the bentonite buffer results in bentonite swelling and bentonite penetration into the rock discontinuities present around the disposal hole. The penetrated bentonite is exposed to groundwater flow and can be eroded out of the repository, resulting in bentonite mass loss which can affect the physical integrity of the engineered barrier system. Hence, the evaluation of buffer-rock interactions and coupled behavior due to groundwater inflow and bentonite penetration is necessary to ensure long-term disposal safety. In this study, the effects of the bentonite penetration and swelling on the physical properties of jointed rock mass were evaluated using the quasi-static resonant column test. Jointed rock specimens with bentonite penetration were manufactured using Gyeongju bentonite and hollow cylindrical granite rock discs obtained from the KAERI underground research tunnel. The effects of vertical stress and saturation were assessed using the P-wave and S-wave velocities for intact rock, jointed rock and jointed rock with bentonite penetration specimens. The joint normal and joint shear stiffnesses of each joint condition were inferred from the wave velocity results assuming an equivalent continuum. The joint normal and joint shear stiffnesses obtained from this study can be used as input factors for future numerical analysis on the performance evaluation of geological waste disposal considering rock discontinuities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.05b
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• pp.715-720
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• 1995

DUPIC 핵연료의 제작 조건, 특히 소결 조건에서 필요한 O/M값에 따른 산소포텐샬을 점결함모형을 이용하여 구하였다. 산소포텐샬 값은 순수 우라니아에서보다 크게 나타났고 주요 점결함 형태의 변화로 온도에 따라 엔트로피 값의 변화가 보였다. 연소중 DUPIC핵연료의 산소포텐샬 변화는 핵연료를 닫힌 계로 보고 물질 보존 및 평형법칙을 기초로 하여 구하였다. 산소포텐샬은 초기에 급격히 증가하지만 곧 일정한 값에서 매우 완만히 증가하게 된다. O/M값도 거의 변화가 없는데, 이는 Mo의 완충작용 때문이다. 따라서 초기 Mo의 화학적 형태- 금속 또는 산화물-가 DUPIC핵연료 O/M값 변화에 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 예측되며 DUPIC핵연료 제작시 소결 조건에 유의할 필요가 있다.