• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

There are a number of policies that have been established to reduce greenhouse gases emissions and reduce energy consumption. These polices, however, only reflect the building energy consumption saving rate without considering building energy consumption characteristic. If building that already use less energy apply the same saving rate to reduce energy consumption, it is less effective. Therefore, this study classified building energy consumption characteristics and investigated approaches to adopt individual reduction rates according to energy consumption. Analysis results showed that there are differences in energy consumption depending on building use, and therefore, we classified buildings by use. We also proposed a formula to set a reduction goal for rate of energy consumption according to energy consumption. We verified our approach in a top-end neighborhood facility in Seoul. The energy consumption savings goal of this study can be applied individually, but determining whether a building can reduce energy consumption towards a saving goal requires a closer look at each building.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.679-689
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• 2013

To relieve Green-house Gas Emission is the key issue in urban area. Urban transport policies have focused on the reduction of private car use. The most common of these is Travel Demand Management(e.g., congestion charge, environmental tax, etc.) that forces individuals to reduce their private car use. An alternative way is Mobility Management(MM) that induces individuals to voluntarily change their car use through communications. MM is founded on social psychology theory and focuses on individuals' decision making processes to change their perception and attitude on private car use. Although some researchers have reported the relevance of MM approach, still few researches have explicitly studied on individuals' decision making processes. Therefore, the aims of the paper are to analyze the decision making process of individuals and to provide the basis of introducing MM approach in Korea. Structural equation model(SEM) is applied for the analysis of individuals' decision making process. A empirical study shows that psychological factors such as perception/attitude on global environment or individual norms impact significantly to reduce private car use and accordingly the relevance of introducing MM approach instead of imposing regulations or expanding transport facilities.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.592-603
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• 2019

This study is about the implementation of low energy sewage management technology through effective control of blower which consumes the most energy in sewage treatment. In calculating the amount of oxygen required for microorganisms, unlike the existing method using the operating index in the bioreactor or TMS data in the discharge port, the CODcr and NH₄⁺-N concentration changes in sewage flowing into the sewage treatment plant were detected in advance before entering the bioreactor and the amount of air was controlled based on this. The pre-sensing was found to have a high correlation compared with conventional products. As a result of blower control, it was possible to save about 9.9% energy more than the manual control. Consequently, this study suggested the possibility of blower's real-time control combined with pre-sensing technology. Also, it is expected that the low energy sewage treatment can be applied to sewage treatment facilities dependent on operation by manpower, and it will contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 1976

In Korea, two types of rice varieties are being cultivated widely, Japonica and Japonica-Indica cross. Generally speaking, the latter shows weak cold tolerance than the former and so brought about many problems in cultural practices. This study was conducted to investigate the effect . of various temperature conditions on rice seedlings growth, especially the contents of chlorophyll and the percentage of nitrogen. And the result obtained indicated the varieties of Japonica-Indica intend to weak cold tolerance than Japonica varieties.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.396-402
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• 2006

Soil organic carbon has long been considered as the most critical factor to evaluate the soil quality, fertility, and fertilizer prescription. In addition, soil organic carbon may impact on greenhouse gas effects and global warming. Because of that, the management of soil organic carbon is increasingly important not only for improving soil quality but also for managing soil as a greenhouse gas source. Both wet and dry combustion have been used to determine soil organic carbon. Many benefits, such as automation and less labor, could the dry combustion method become more popular. Inorganic form of carbon could overestimate soil organic carbon when the dry combustion method was applied. Determination of soil inorganic carbon may contribute to the improved accuracy of soil organic carbon analysis using dry combustion method. Objectives of this research were 1) to develop soil inorganic carbon determination method using modified digital pressure calcimeter and 2) to evaluate soil organic carbon from calcareous soils using the dry and wet combustion method. Results showed that the significant linear relationship was found between soil inorganic carbon content and pressure calcimeter output. Inorganic carbon ranged from 22% to 28% of total carbon in the calcareous soil samples. Soil organic carbon content by dry combustion for calcareous soil was determined by subtracting inorganic carbon measured by the digital pressure calcimeter from total carbon. Soil organic carbon determined by dry combustion method was significantly correlated with that by wet combustion method. In conclusion, the digital pressure calcimeter may use to improve soil organic carbon determination for the calcareous soils by subtracting of soil inorganic carbon from total carbon determined by dry combustion method.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 2023

Recently, as climate change caused by greenhouse gases is intensifying, the international community has committed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The purpose of this study is to present the methodology and major considerations for investment judgment. Two actual cases of overseas projects were selected as study subjects. As an analysis method, the major risk factors were defined as a probability distribution, and the NPV was stochastically estimated using the Monte Carlo simulation method. In addition, assuming a policy change, the range of NPV change was analyzed. As a result, the average NPV of project A was lowered by 19%, and the probability of showing a negative NPV was 12.2%. The average value of project B was lowered by 12.5%. Considering the policy change, project A can obtain economic benefits only when it obtains 72.9% or more of the total amount of carbon credits generated, and project B is economically feasible when it acquires 49.5% or more. As a result, the average value of project A is lower than the net present value under basic assumptions, so caution is needed in investment decisions depending on changes in major risk factors. Additionally, considering policy changes, the carbon credit distribution ratio should be differentially applied depending on the project size, and this was presented as a specific figure.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2015

Currently, Korea government has strongly recommended the storm and flood insurance system to reduce the damage caused by natural disasters. The storm and flood insurance operated by private insurance company is the type of policy insurance. and is supervised by Minister of Public Safety and Security. It is the advanced disaster management system which is able to protect the public interests through unexpected natural disaster by assisting some part of the insurance premium from a central or local government. The main purpose of the present investigation is to build the insurance object GIS DB which should be necessary to calculate the premium rate in the map for storm and flood insurance, and also, to perform GIS analysis. The service model in this study is aimed to general single house, apartment and green house. The service management plan targeting the whole country has been investigated in terms of building DB and service operation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.63-68
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• 2018

Research on smart farms centering on greenhouse cultivation is actively under way due to the decrease in agriculture population and aging, but in the case of vegetables such as vegetables, outdoor cultivation is 70%. Therefore, there is a need to improve productivity and prevent soil contamination by automating, cultivating, and intelligentizing the outdoor cultivation of agriculture crops. In this paper, we show the case of establishing a outdoor production system using the Internet of things and define the environmental variables in the outdoor production system. By measuring soil temperature, water content, electrical conductivity and acidity through sensors, LoRa communication module transmits the information to the outdoor production system. The outdoor production system controls the amount of fertilizer and the volume of water based on this sensor data. We have developed a system that manages a wide range of crops using LoRa technology, which is a suitable communication method for cultivating crops, and manages production volume and sales performance.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.150-158
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• 2007

As the amount of $CO_2$ emission in Korea is ranked 9th and the increasing rate of $CO_2$ emissions highest in the world, it is strongly necessary to devise methods to decrease the amount of $CO_2$ in each industry as the basis of establishing environmentally sustainable production system. This paper aims to identify the characteristics of $CO_2$ emissions from construction wastes throughout the simplified LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) and suggest the strategic guideline for the construction waste management plan to decrease $CO_2$. As a result of LCA on the case of a high-rise residential building project, total sum of $CO_2$ emission generated from construction wastes appeared as 6,818,123kg-$CO_2$ and $CO_2$ emission per unit floor area as 21.01kg-$CO_2/{\beta}{\ge}$. The principal waste materials generating more than 95% of $CO_2$ are materials such as reinforcing bar, temporary materials, cement, ready-mixed-concrete, concrete products, and tile, which have relatively high unit emission rate of $CO_2$ in the process of production. Besides, more than 92% of $CO_2$ was generated from the activities such as structure work, plaster work, temporary work, and tile and stone work, which are generally executed in the early phase of the whole construction period. Reflecting these results, the guideline for the construction waste management plan was recommended. If the waste management plan is established considering the guideline suggested, there would be high potential to decrease the amount of $CO_2$ generated from construction wastes.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2010

A PEMFC(proton exchange membrane fuel cell) is a good candidate for residential power generation to be coped with the shortage of fossil fuel and green house gas emission. The attractive benefit of the PEMFC is to produce electric power as well as hot water for home usage. The thermal management of PEMFC for RPG is to utilize the heat of PEMFC so that the PEMFC can be operated at its optimal efficiency. In this study, thermal management system of PEMFC stack is modeled to understand the dynamic response during load change. The thermal management system of PEMFC for RPGFC is composed of two cooling circuits, one for controling the fuel cell temperature and the other for heating up the water for home usage. The different operating strategy is applied for each cooling circuit considering the duty of those two circuits. Even though the capacity of PEMFC system (1kW) is enough to supply hot domestic water for residence, heat-up of reservior takes some hours. Therefore, in this study, time schedule of the simulation reflects the heat-up process. Dynamic responses and operating strategies of the PEMFC system are investigated during load changes.