• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.69-90
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• 2007

This study is set out to investigate the factors that influence customers' behavior of choice and switching between online and offline channels, separating the purchase decision into two stages, i.e., information search and purchase. Factors influencing channel choice are found to differ from stage to stage. The main results of this study are as follows. At the information search stage, customers' channel knowledge had impacts on the choice of the channel. Customers are more likely to visit offline bookstores when they have hedonic shopping orientation and higher involvement level with books. On the contrary, customers are more apt to search online when they have a lot of online shopping experiences. At the purchase stage, the results varied according to the search channel. When customers search for information online, the following variables lead to online purchases: online shopping experiences with books, price-focused shopping orientation, and time availability for shopping. Perceived risk made customers purchase offline even though they searched online. In case of offline searching, customers with more convenience-focused, hedonic-focused shopping orientation and less tim availability purchased offline.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 2011

I conducted empirical analyses of what happens when an offline channel expands to an online channel and whether the pre-existing offline channel's competitive assets (e.g. brand reputation and level of service satisfaction) can be linked to online channel preference. I found that an offline channel's brand reputation and level of service satisfaction can have a direct influence on offline channel preference and a second-hand influence on online channel preference. Thus, if the competitiveness of the online channel is strong enough and its customers have a higher preference for the offline channel, they will be committed and loyal to the company. The resultant enhanced competitiveness of the offline channel will present opportunities for both present and future success. The main results are the following. First, the management of the distribution channel service quality is more important than that of the brand reputation. Customers' experiences of service and subjective evaluations are not important only as the leading factors in the long-term brand reputation management but also as influential factors in channel preference. SoThus, given that the service quality of the pre-existing channel is not the customers' main concern, a strategy of improving the level of service satisfaction aimed at present customers is more valuable than a wide brand positioning strategy aimed at general and new customers. Second, when an offline channel company establishes an internet shopping mall on an online channel, it is highly likely that the preference and subjective evaluation of the present customers will influence the online channel. This applies not only to the special case of an expansion from an offline intermediary channel to an online one, but also to an online channel acting as an expansion of the business model of a conventional manufacturing or service company: both cases are vertical integrations of marketing channels in an expansion of the distribution channel. My theory applies to a wide range of contexts. Third and finally, any business strategy can grasp the meaning of 'channel expansion. Fundamentally, it is an expansion of the sales activity channel and marketing activity. However, it is also a way of enhancing marketing and sales competitiveness through an expansion to an online or offline channel. The expansion of an offline company to an online channel could be seen not as improvement but as an innovation of the business process by which two goals are achieved with one technique. The former is expected to increase the sales of the offline company, and the latter is also expected to increase sales while also contributing to cost reduction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.428-439
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• 2016

It becomes undeniable trends that offline shopping stores operate their own online shopping stores too. The multi-channel shopping stores like this allow consumers to have much choices to shop from either offline channel or online channel. This trend, however, also opens new research issues. Especially, we have found from literature survey that a new research model is necessary for more in-depth study of the consumer behavior analysis in the multi-channel trends like this, where those constructs such as offline trust, uncertainty, switching cost, and individual negative emotion are considered. It is noted, especially in the multi-channel environments, that uncertainty and switching cost need to be considered, and that individual tends to feel negative emotion much more. By relying on 406 valid questionnaires, we obtained empirical results such that switching cost and offline trust have a positive effect on continuance intention, and uncertainty tends to increase switching cost. Individual negative emotion also affects continuance intention significantly.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2013

Unexpected consumer dissatisfaction emerges through rapid growth and expansion of on-line shopping channel. This research focused on the fashion online retail channels' negative aspect caused by service failure which possibly disappointed consumers. We also tried to seek for appropriate service recovery types based on frequently offered recovery types on-line. Data from college students were analyzed. Results indicate that fitting problem, insufficient information, product defect, inventory problem and slow delivery were the main service failure types in apparel e-shopping. Regression analysis identified that among these types, insufficient information, product defect, and slow delivery had significant influence on channel satisfaction after post recovery effort. Results also confirmed significant relationships between channel satisfaction and channel switching. Consumers perceived benefit level causes overall channel satisfaction level to rise while perceived risk leads to lower level of channel satisfaction. Choosing desirable service recovery activities in each service failure situations is necessary in order to raise consumer's channel satisfaction in online apparel shopping.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.157-158
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• 2012

본 연구는 온라인 채널상에서 소비자의 구매의사결정이 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지 알아보기 위한 실증적인 연구조사이다. 온라인 채널의 가치를 담고 있는 채널자산에는 소비자의 이성적요인과 감성적요인이 영향을 미치고 있다. 이러한 요인들이 소비자의 브랜드 선호도와 브랜드이미지에 영향을 주어 궁극적으로 구매의도를 형성한다는 것을 규명하고자 하였다. 따라서 감성적인 요인이 온라인에 대한 애호도와 선호도에 유의적인 영향을 주는 것으로 밝혀졌고 온라인 이용자가 정보 수집을 추구하면서 단순히 정보탐색자체를 즐기기도 한다는 기존 연구결과를 재확인하였다. 또한 소비자의 감성적 요인이 브랜드 선호도와 이미지에 유의한 결과를 갖게 되어 인지-태도의 순도 가능하다는 것이 규명되었다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.224-239
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• 2022

Despite an impressive growth of online sales, the bricks-and-mortar bandwagon still remain high-profile in the realm of consumer channel switching behavior. Different from the existing research exploring the consumer switching behavior from the offline to the online retailer, this study is an effort to investigate why and when do consumers switch from the online to the offline channel by applying the push-pull-mooring framework. Thus, structural equation modeling and SPSS were used to test the established hypotheses. The results, as expected, show that both push factors (i.e., perceived risk and dissatisfaction) and pull factors (alternative attractiveness and perceived ownership) are positively related to a consumer's intention to switch from the online to the offline channel. Moreover, all of expected interactions between push factors and mooring factors (i.e., switching costs, variety seeking, and subjective norms), and between pull factors and mooring factors are supported, except for the interactions between push factors and switching costs as well as between pull factors and subjective norms. Finally, implications and limitations are discussed.

• Proceedings of the CALSEC Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.129-147
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• 2001

eCRM은 온라인 상에서 수집한 고객 데이터를 저장 및 분석하여 가치 있는 고객을 선별하고 회사의 역량을 가치 있는 고객을 획득, 유지하는 일에 투자하는 프로세스를 말합니다. 기존의 CRM과 목적은 같으나 채널이 오프라인에서 온라인으로 진화하였다는 점이 다릅니다. 채널이 온라인으로 진화하였다는 점이 의미하는 바는 무엇일까요？(중략)

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.245-256
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• 2013

This study illustrates factors that determine consumer types based on ways in which they alternate between online and offline channels for searching and eventually buying their desired products. This study conducted an online survey targeting 1,040 consumers. As per the study, consumer types fall into five groups: 1) on-on type(online search${\rightarrow}$online buying), 2) off-off type(offline search${\rightarrow}$offline buying), 3) on-off type(online search${\rightarrow}$offline buying), 4) off-on type(offline search${\rightarrow}$online buying), and, 5) on-off-on type(online search${\rightarrow}$ offline search${\rightarrow}$nline buying). The primary factors that determine how the different consumer types switch between online and offline channels are price orientation, convenience orientation,, risk-aversion orientation, and channel familiarity. Although they feel cross-channel shopping can be cumbersome, the findings show that cross-channel consumers would gladly switch channels to buy cheaper and proven products. The findings of this study will be useful for businesses that have both online and offline channels and point out the theoretical aspects of the decision-making process as consumers switch between channels.

• 한국노년학
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.711-726
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze to 1) the differences according to demographic characteristics 2) select the type-specific communities online channels of the baby boomer customers group, who ever search for restaurant information through on-line for the previous three months. The study was based on a total of 280 samples obtained from on-line networking service users in a metropolitan area from April 15 to 30, 2016. The major findings are as follows. The data were analysed using frequency, factor analysis, cluster analysis and ${\chi}^2test$. According to the results of factor analysis, on-line utilizing attributes were separated into three factors: commitment of useful information, activity of leading on-line, and habit. The based on a factor analysis, cluster analysis was adopted to segment baby boomer customers. The identified four clusters showed in using on-line: type of active utilization, habit, seeking information and passive utilization. The clusters had significant differences in gender and monthly income by demographics. All of four clusters selected blog, face book, twitter in turn through the personal on-line channels. Cluster type of active utilization and habit selected restaurant home pages, restaurant blog, restaurant face book, restaurant twitter in turn through the public on-line channels. Cluster type of seeking information and passively utilization selected restaurant home pages, restaurant blog, restaurant twitter, restaurant face book in turn through the public on-line channels. Implications and future research were also discussed.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.93-96
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• 2018

통계청 자료에 따르면 지난해 자영업 폐업률은 전년 대비 10.2% 포인트 높은 87.9%를 기록했다. 자영업 4개 업종인 도소매업, 음식, 숙박업은 지난해 48만 3985개가 새로 생겼으며 반면 42만 5203개가 문을 닫았다. 2018년 8월 통계청 자료에 따르면 온라인쇼핑 거래액은 전년 동월 대비 19.6% 증가했고, 모바일쇼핑 거래액도 모바일 이용 확산과 간편 결제 서비스 발전 등에 힘입어 전년 동월 대비 29.7% 증가하였다. 본 연구에서는 소매업인 온라인 쇼핑몰은 매년 20%대의 성장률을 보이고 있는 점에 주목해서 온라인 쇼핑몰의 매출 성과와 연관이 있는 방문 의도에 미치는 변수를 연구하고자 한다. 해마다 판매자가 증가하고 있는 온라인 쇼핑몰 업계는 치열한 경쟁과 늘어나는 마케팅 비용을 감당하지 못해 폐업의 수순을 밟고 있는 경우가 많다. 온라인쇼핑 운영자들이 하고 있는 대표적인 마케팅 방법인 블로그, 키워드 검색광고, SNS 채널 마케팅이 온라인 쇼핑몰의 방문 의도에 얼마나 영향을 미치고 있는지 연구 조사하고자 한다. 특히 온라인 쇼핑몰에 방문하는 사람들의 개인적 특성인 충동구매 성향, 다양성 추구 성향, 자기조절 성향을 조절 변수로 하여 개인 성향에 따라 각 독립변수들과의 방문 의도 상관관계를 알아보려 한다. 독립변수들이 방문 의도와의 관계를 실증 분석하여 온라인쇼핑몰의 준비하는 예비창업자나 기창업자들에게 보다 지속적인 기업성장과 매출성과에 도움이 되고자 한다.