• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.269-270
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• 2001

옥덩굴류(Caulerpa)는 청각목(Codiales)에 속하는 녹조류로 몸 조직은 낭상체로 되어 있으며, 난해산으로 열대 및 아열대에 많이 분포한다(Garcia et al., 1996). 옥덩굴류는 세계적으로 20여종 이상이 보고 되었으며 우리 나라에는 Caulerpa okamurae 1종만이 알려져 있다(강, 1968). 옥덩굴은 조직이 부드럽고 다육질이며, 형태와 색깔이 아름다워 신선한 야채 또는 샐러드 형태의 식품으로 이용될 수 있어 식량자원으로서 개발 가능성이 크다. 또한 난해산으로 김과 미역의 양식이 되지 않는 고수온기에 재배할수 있어 해조류 양식의 효율성을 피할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. (중략)

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.253-258
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• 2000

Monthly samplings were made at Yongho-dong, Pusan, on the south eastern coast of Korea from May 1998 to April 1999 to investigate population growth and regeneration pattern of C. okanurae. The growth of erect branches was dependent mainly on the habitat water temperature. Maximum length of an erect branch was 13.4 cm in July and the minimum was 5.1 cm in March; during the corresponding months maximum and minimum weights of the alga were 2.2 and 0.7 g, respectively. During this investigation, gametangia did not occur. Regeneration of excised ramuli was dependent on irradiance. Regeneration rate was the highest under 50 ${\mu}$molm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ at 2$0^{\circ}C$. Under the conditions of different combinations of temperature (18, 22, 25, 28 and 1$^{\circ}C$) and irradiance (10, 20, 40, 60 and 100 ${\mu}$molm$^{-2}s$ $^{-1}$) regimes, regeneration of excised erect branch was highly affected by temperature and irradiance. The highest regeneration occurred at 25 $^{\circ}C$ and 20 ${\mu}$molm$^{-2}s$$^{-1}$, whereas the highest growth in length (4.5${\pm}$1.0 cm) and fresh weight (1.2${\pm}$0.7 g) was attained after 15 days of culture.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Caulerpa okamurae ethanol extract (COE) on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity as one of the drug targets for treatment of type2 diabetes. COE significantly inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme activities in vitro assay. Also, COE significantly enhanced the glucose uptake and the expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporter4 (GLUT4) proteins in 3T3-L1 adipocytes or zebrafish larvae compared with control. In dexamethasone-induced resistance model of L6 myotubes, the protein expression of insulin signaling and glucose uptake was effectively increased by the treatment of COE. In contrast, the elevated phosphorylation of IRS-1 Ser307 was normally suppressed by treatment of COE. However, COE had no effect on insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. Thus, our results suggest that COE improves the glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity through the regulation of insulin signaling and GLUT4 protein in insulin's target cells and zebrafish larvae.

• ALGAE
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2003

Seasonal growth and maturation process of Caulerpa okamurae were investigated in natural populations and in culture. Monthly sampling was carried out by SCUBA diving at Baekunpo, Busan, southeastern coast of Korea from November 1999 to October 2001. Growth of erect branches depended mainly on the water temperature in the natural habitat. Maximum length of erect branches was 14.0 $\pm$ 1.4 cm in June 2001 when the water temperature was 19.7$^{\circ}C$ and minimum was 2.8$\pm$0.2 cm in April when the water temperature was 14.7$^{\circ}C$. Fresh weight of erect branches was 3.9 $\pm$ 0.5 g in June 2001 and 0.2 $\pm$ 0.04 g in September 2000. Biomass of the population was maximum of 922.5 g dw${\cdot}m^{-2}$ in July and minimum of 125.6 g dw${\cdot}m^{-2}$ in April. Gametangial network was observed on the ramuli when the water temperature was over 19$^{\circ}C$ in August 2000 and June 2001. In the culture regime of 4 temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30$^{\circ}C$) and 3 irradiances (20, 50 and 80 $\mu$mol${\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$) combination, the maturation of excised erect branches was mainly affected by temperature. Maturation was induced under all irradiance conditions at 20 and 25$^{\circ}C$; under 80 $\mu$mol${\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ at 15$^{\circ}C$; and under 20 $\mu$mol${\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ at 30$^{\circ}C$. The highest rate of maturation was 64% under 20 $\mu$mol${\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ at 25$^{\circ}C$. These results suggested that developmental initiations of C. okamurae occurred at higher than 13$^{\circ}C$ and maturation took about 270 degree-days.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.311-317
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• 2021

Growth differences in Caulerpa okamurae thallus parts and the effects of apex removal on growth were examined. Erect fronds, stolons, and erect fronds with stolons (erect+stolon) were grown for 14 days, whereas erect fronds without and with apex removal (-A and +A fronds, respectively), were grown for 25 days. The relative growth rates (RGR) of C. okamurae thallus parts ranged from 1.91% to 4.93% day^-1 with maximal and minimal RGR for the stolon and erect+stolon treatments, respectively. Over the 25 days in culture, the -A fronds showed a higher RGR (2.48% day^-1) than the +A fronds (1.96% day^-1). More new erect fronds and stolons were produced by -A fronds than those by +A fronds. In addition, basal cutting of erect C. okamurae fronds resulted in a greater plant length increase than that obtained from top cutting. These findings indicate that vegetative growth is common in C. okamurae, which has excellent wound healing ability, and cutting damage to erect fronds may stimulate enhanced vegetative growth. Thus, we suggest that stolons and erect fronds of C. okamurae could be used as seeding materials for large scale cultivation. Furthermore, this edible species could be a potential seaweed resource for rapid skin regeneration cosmetics.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.322-327
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• 2017

Background: Cynaroside is a flavone, a flavonoid-like compound, known by different names (luteoloside and cinaroside). It is commonly found in Lonicera japonica Thunb., Chrysanthemum moriflium, and Angelica keiskei. The process of cell death has been classified as necrosis and apoptosis. Necrosis refers to unregulated cell death induced by a chemotherapeutic agent. Doxorubicin is an anthracycline anti-cancer drug used to treat acute leukemia, cancer, and lymphoma. However, it induces nephrotoxicity including tubular damage. Therefore, we investigated the protective effect of cynaroside against doxorubicin-induced necrosis in HK-2 cells. Methods and Results: To confirm the beneficial effect of cynaroside on doxorubicin-induced necrosis, HK-2 cells, a human proximal tubule epithelial cell line were treated with $10{\mu}M$ doxorubicin and $80{\mu}M$ cynaroside. Doxorubicin treatment resulted in increased DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity and mitochondria hyperactivation during cell necrosis. However, pretreatment with $80{\mu}M$ cynaroside attenuated DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity and mitochondria hyperactivation induced by $10{\mu}M$ doxorubicin in HK-2 cells. Conclusions: These results indicated that pretreatment with cynaroside ameliorated doxorubicin-induced necrosis in HK-2 cells. Therefore, cynaroside be used as a therapeutic agent for improving doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity. However, further studies are required to evaluated the toxicity of cynaroside treatment in animals and to determine its protective effect against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in an animal model.