• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2006

Dust samples were collected from 10 middle and high schools in the Gochang-Gun, Korea. Heavy metal concentrations were determined for the dry-deposited dusts from indoor and outdoor of classroom and playground of each sampling site. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in indoor's dusts were highly concentrated. Also concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in outdoor's dusts were highly concentrated. Concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn in the dusts were much higher than the world average contents in soil and environmental orientation value. These levels are similar to those of the dust samples at middle schools and high schools located in Jeonju-city, Korea. Compared with concentrations of heavy metals in soils and dusts in Korea, the environment of indoor and outdoor of classroom is highly concentrated except for Cu, Zn. The concentrations of playground is less than that of residential dust and main road dust and playground in Jeonju-city. Playground dusts in 1 school exhibited the enhanced heavy metal pollution with a pollution index (Kloke, 1979) greater than 1.0, but indoor and outdoor dusts in 7 schools exhibited the enhanced heavy metal pollution with a pollution index (by Kloke) yester than 1.0.

• Atmosphere
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2011

Aerosol lidar ratio (extinction-to-backscatter ratio) at 532 nm was determined using 4-year measurements of elastic-backscatter lidar and sky radiometer at Seoul National University of Seoul, Korea. The mean lidar ratio (with standard deviation) based on 4 years of measurements is found to be $61.7{\pm}16.5$ sr, and weak seasonal variations are noted with a maximum in JJA ($68.1{\pm}16.8$ sr) and a minimum in DJF ($57.2{\pm}17.9$ sr). The lidar ratios for clean, dust, and polluted conditions are estimated to be $45.0{\pm}9.5$ sr, $51.7{\pm}13.7$ sr, and $62.2{\pm}13.2$ sr, respectively. While the lidar ratio for the polluted condition is appears to be consistent with previous studies, clean and dust conditions tend to have larger ratios, compared to previous estimates. This discrepancy is thought to be mainly due to the anthropogenic aerosols existing throughout the year around Seoul, which may cause increased lidar ratios even for clean and dust conditions.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1979

In order to investigate water quality of coastal waters, samples were collected from the six coastal areas of Korean peninsula during summer of 1977, and analyzed for Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed no significant heavy metal pollution in most parts of the studied areas in comparison with results of other countries in literature. However, strong possibility of some specific heavy metal pollution is shown in the specific areas, such as Cu and Pb in the Sea off Cunsan, Pb in Kwangyang Bay and Cd and Pb in Ulsan Bay.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.969-983
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• 2007

This study developed a ten-step procedure of integrated watershed management (IWM) for sustainability to rehabilitate the distorted hydrologic cycle and identified spatial hazard ranking(step 2). Spatial hazard indices, Potential flood damage (PFD), potential streamflow depletion (PSD), potential water quality deterioration (PWQD), and watershed evaluation index (WEI) were developed using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques and sustainability evaluation concept(pressure-state-response model). The used MCDM techniques are composite programming, compromise programing, Regime method, and EVAMIX approach which are classified by data availability and objectives (prefeasibility and feasibility).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.409-412
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• 2019

국내의 미세먼지 문제가 심각해짐에 따라 대기 오염에 관한 분야의 관심이 높아지고 있다. 현재 정부는 최근 IT 융합 기술의 발전에 따라 빅데이터, 클라우드, 등 사물인터넷 기반 장치의 확산 및 고도화를 위한 기술 접목에 많은 지원과 관심을 보이며 기상청을 통해서는 국내 대기 오염으로 인한 사회적 비용을 낮추기 위해 공공 데이터(Application Program Interface, API)를 활용 다양한 정보 서비스를 지원하고 있다. 하지만 기상청에서 제공하는 정보 서비스에는 한계가 있다. 특히 기상청에서 운영되고 있는 장비들은 고가의 장비로써 비용 및 공간적 설치 제약이 따르며, 약 15km 범위를 한 개소로 담당하여 기상 데이터에 대한 신뢰도에 문제가 발생하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 오픈 하드웨어 기반 소형 기상관측 장비를 활용한 기상지수 및 미세먼지 측정 데이터 제공 시스템을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 시스템은 기상 계측이 필요한 지역의 작은 공간을 활용, 기상관측 장비를 통해 관측된 데이터와 기상청에서 제공하는 생활 기상지수 알고리즘을 토대로 해당 지역에 맞는 맞춤형 정보를 제공하여 사회적 비용을 낮출 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.112-121
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• 2020

Organic pollution due to coastal development increases the distribution of organic pollution indicators (OPI) and disturbs benthic ecosystems by increasing the number of organic pollution indicators dominant in the target area. However, there is a little researches on the organic pollution levels of benthic ecosystems in subtidal target coast of all over Korea. Therefore, this study analyzed the distribution of macrobenthos in subtidal around the coast development sites of EIA, confirmed the distribution of OPI, and produced the benthic health index-map (organic pollution level) of all coasts of Korea. The benthic health index of the sites was calculated using the density of each OPI, and the image program was used for the benthic health index-map. Organic pollution levels varied by projects for EIA and OPI. Lumbrineris sp. was found to be dominant throughout the coast and correlated with the benthic health index in Korea. Through this study, we will be able to confirm the future organic pollution level in the subtidal ecosystems of the project for EIA through the results of research to macrobenthos in subtidal for EIA. In addition, the distribution of Lumbrineris sp. OPI can be used as an indicator to indirectly evaluate the organic pollution level of the development site.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.450-450
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• 2011

최근 유역의 급속한 도시화, 농업의 근대화, 홍수로 인한 수해 증가, 극심한 홍수, 물이용 형태의 변화, 수질 오염 등 하천관련 다양한 문제가 제기되고 있으며, 물 관련 정보화를 추진하기 위하여 유역조사를 통한 수문 및 하천 정보의 기초자료 관리 체계를 구축하고 있다. 이를 기반으로 유역에 대한 수자원 현황을 평가하고 국가수자원계획의 정책지표로서 활용할 수 있는 통합지수들을 사용하고 있다. 지표 및 지수를 통해 한 분야를 평가하기 위해서는 객관적인 관측 값 또는 기초자료들 중에서 현상을 잘 기술해줄 수 있는 대표적인 값들을 선별하여 표준화를 거치고 각각의 세부지표들을 통합하는 과정에서 가중치를 부여한다. 기존 수자원관리를 위해 개발된 지표 및 지수에 사용된 가중치 방법은 동일가중치 방법이나 전문가들의 설문조사를 통한 계층분석법(AHP) 등이 주로 활용되었다. 본 연구에서는 지표 및 지수개발에 있어 사용되는 가중치 산정방법에 대해 알아보고 각 세부지표나 대리변수 사이의 가중치 산정방법에 따른 평가결과의 변화와 결과에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 가중치 부여 방식에 따른 지수변화의 민감도 분석을 실시하였다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.415-429
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• 2003

This study was objected to identify the difference of water quality and the characteristics of water contamination in adjacent bed-rock areas of Upper Hwajeonni and Guryongsan Formations in Miwon, Choongchungbuk-do, Korea. Water samples showed mainly (Ca, Mg)-$HCO_3$ type in Upper Hawjeonni Formation and (Ca, Mg)-$SO_4$ and (Ca, Mg)-$HCO_3$ types in Guryongsan Formation indicating the enrichment of $SO_4$ in major compositions. Groundwater quality could be divided into two groups based on the major weathering processes, implied by the ratio of bicarbonate to silica. Carbonate-silicate weathering predominates in Upper Hwajeonni Formation, and silicate weathering in Guryongsan Formation. Stream-water quality also appeared to be controlled by water-rock interaction. Cluster analysis identified three groups of groundwater and four groups of stream-water with distinctive geochemical characteristics. The results of factor analysis indicated that the levels of each chemical constituent in water samples derived from both natural weathering reactions and anthropogenic contamination sources. To delineate the pollution potential of water resources, Modified Pollution Index(M.P.I.) was developed. M.P.I. scores of water samples ranged from -0.08 to 0.18, with mostly positive along the rock quarry in Guryongsan Formation areas. M.P.I. scores appeared to be a useful predictor of metal contamination of water resources.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2012

This study aims to investigate characteristics of water quality factors by using survey results of national marine environmental monitoring system from 2004 to 2010 at coastal area of the East Sea of Korea. In this study, we chose statistical methods to analyze the correlation among water quality parameters and principal component analysis for characteristics of each water environment. In addition to this, we evaluated each water's pollution level based on eutrophication standard of OECD, Eutrophication Index(EI), and Organic Pollution Index(OPI). Major factors were chlorophyll a and salt according to the analysis at coastal area of the East Sea. The sea was divided into the south and the central part by Jukbyeon. Also, Jukbyeon in the central part of the East Sea and Gampo in the southern sea coastal waters have been classified separately. The nutritional status of coastal area of East Sea presented Mesotrophic to Oligotrophic level and EI showed less than 1. OPI in all of the coastal area at the East Sea represented that the water quality condition was favorable.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.67-69
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• 1996