• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1042-1046
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• 2009

강원도 홍천군 북방면 능평리에 위치한 규사광산을 2008년 3월부터 12월까지 발생한 강우사상에 대하여 모니터링을 실시하였다. 모니터링 지점은 채광작업과 가공작업이 이루어지는 계곡의 하류로 평시 $500m^2$/day의 유량이 흐르는 작은 소하천이다. 관측된 13회의 총 강우량은 712.6 mm가 발생하였다. 강우강도는 0.5 ${\sim}$ 4.7 mm/hr, 선행무강우일수는 1.2 ${\sim}$ 9.8일로 나타났다. 유출률은 28.0 $^{\sim}$ 98.0 %로 나타났으며, 유출율 98.0 %는 168.0 mm의 많은 양의 강우가 발생한 7월 24일부터 25일까지의 강우사상에서 발생하였다. 채석과 가공작업등의 영향으로 인하여 강우시 다른 오염 물질보다 SS 농도와 EMC가 매우 높고, 범위가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 SS는 강우량과 건기일수에 민감한 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 규사광산지역은 다른 오염 물질보다 SS를 저감 시킬 수 있는 비점오염저감시설이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 기상조건에 따른 오염부하와 EMC의 정확한 산정하기 위해서는 장기간의 모니터링을 통한 많은 자료의 수집이 동반되어야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서 조사된 자료와 분석된 결과는 토지이용별 비점오염부하의 산정과 저감기술의 개발에 활용할 수 있으며, 수질오염총량제의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1535-1541
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• 2019

To carry out safe and rapid decontamination in radiological accident areas, acquisition of various information on radiation sources is needed. In particular, to figure out the location and distribution of radiation sources is essential for rapid follow-up and removal of contaminants as well as minimizing worker damage. The radiation distribution detection device is used to obtain the position and distribution information of the radiation source. In the case of a radiation distribution detection device, a detection sensor unit is generally composed of a single sensor, and the detection range is limited due to the physical characteristics of the single sensor. We applied a calibration detector for controlling the detection sensitivity of a single sensor for radiation detection and improved the limited detection range of radiation dose rate. Also, gamma irradiation test confirmed the improvement of radiation distribution detection range.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.39-67
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• 2005

In order to properly define the terms such as soil, soil contamination, soil contamination site and remediation, which are the key terms under the Soil Environment Conservation Act(SECA) in Korea, we analyzed the legal definitions of the similar key words in legislations of the developed western countries. The selected countries were the United States of America, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark. The legal definitions of these keywords were very much diversified due to different levels of soil contamination, as well as different industrial, social, and legal backgrounds in each country. However, fair suggestions for definitions of the key terms in SECA were derived from the comparative analyses of these countries. First and foremost, SECA should provide a definition of 'soil' which includes a concept of the natural soil layer produced from soil mineralization processes. Groundwater and sublayer of the groundwater would. be excluded in the boundary of the soil with regards to the Groundwater Act of Korea. Definition of 'soil contamination' of SECA should include a concept of risk assessment(soil contaminants, pathway, and receptors), purpose of land use, and the acquired limitation levels of soil contaminants. Soil contamination activity either industrial or anthropogenic in SECA article2-1, could be substituted for a concept of soil risk assessment. Definition of 'soil contamination site' could derive from amalgamating the concepts of i) soil contamination in conjunction with contaminants, ii) risk assessment, iii) a concept of land use, and iv) knowing limitation of contamination site designation. Definition of 'remediation of contaminated site' should include the objective, intention, action, methodology and limit of the remediation. These suggested definitions would increase the efficacy of soil environment conservation policies, which includes the survey of the potentially contaminated area, remediation, and removal of the site.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.262-267
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• 2006

For the concentration management in COD parameters, it requires the measurement and estimation of the COD pollutants load (hereinafter PL) in the watershed. The estimation method of the PL, however, is provided only based on the BOD parameters. The development of COD PL estimation schemes is expected to execute total PL management in coastal zone and needs to more observation and much time. This study provides COD PL estimation schemes using statistical information about ratio analysis with COD & BOD concentration of rivers and drainages of an industrial complex in Lake Shiwha and Incheon Coastal Zone watershed. The COD PL is computed with ease by multiplying the conversion factor, which is calculated as the sum of the average and 1 to 3 (safety factors) times standard deviation. The conversion factor of Lake Shihwa and Incheon Coastal Zone is estimated as 1.7, 2.3 and 2.9 with respect to the safety factor 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.1 s.27
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• pp.99-106
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• 2006

During the dry periods, many types of pollutant are accumulating on the paved surface by vehicle activities. Particularly, the highways are stormwater intensive landuses because of high imperviousness and high pollutant mass emissions from vehicles. The accumulated pollutants in highways are washed-off during a rainfall event and are highly contributing on water quality of receiving water bodies. The stormwater runoff from the highways are containing various pollutants such as metals, oil & grease and toxic chemicals originated from vehicles. Therefore, this research is performed to find pollutant characteristics in the magnitude of statistical pollutant concentrations during storm periods. During the monitoring periods, the first-flush phenomenon is visibly occurred on most storm events, which is confirmed from hydro- and pollute-graphs. The 95% confidence intervals of washed-off pollutant concentration are ranged to 154.7-257.1 mg/L for 755,138.9-197.6 mg/L for COD, 3.5-6.4 mg/L for oil & grease, 6.3-9.2 mg/L for TN and 2.3-3.31 mg/L for TP. The first flush effect is mostly occurred within initial 30 min of storm duration.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.5-14
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• 2007

The quantity of noxious wastes generated by the growth in industrialization and population in all over the world and its potential hazards in subsurface environments are becoming increasingly significant. The extraction of the contaminant from the soil and movement of the water are restricted due to the low permeability and adsorption characteristics of the reclaimed soils. Incorporated technique with PVDs have been used for dewatering from fine-grained soils for the purpose of ground improvement by means of soil flushing and soil vapor extraction systems. This paper is to evaluate several key parameters that affected to the performance of the PVDs specifically with regard to: well resistance of PVD, zone of influence, and smear effects. In the feasibility of contaminant remediation was evaluated in pilot-scale laboratory experiments. Well resistance is affected on the vertical discharge capacity of the PVDs under the various vacuum pressures. The discharge capacity increases consistently in areal extents with higher applied vacuum up to a limiting vacuum pressure. The head values for each piezometer at different vacuum pressures show that the largest head loss occurs within 14 cm of the PVD. Air flow rates and head losses were measured for the PVD placed in the model test box and the gas permeability of the silty soils was calculated. Increasing the equivalent diameter results in a decrease in the calculated gas permeability. It is concluded that the gas permeability determined over the 1,500 to 2,000 $cm^3/s$ flow rates are the most accurate values which yields gas permeability of about 3.152 Darcy.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of water quality, the pollutant loading by population, livestock, and land use at the Namdae-cheon in Keum river districts. Water samples were taken at the four sites of watershed, the nutrients of which were analyzed periodically from July, 1995 to April, 1998. Content of nutrients in water samples ranged from 1.8 to 5.8 mg/L for total nitrogen, from 0.01 to 0.08 mg/L for total phosphorus and from 0 to 0.007 mg/L for ortho-phosphate respectively. Nitrogen loading by pollutant unit was investigated 550.4 ton/yr as 358.1 ton/yr by livestock, 129.3 ton/yr by land use and 63.0 ton/yr by population. Phosphorus loading by pollutant unit was investigated 79.1 ton/yr as 60.6 ton/yr by livestock, 5.2 ton/yr by land use and 13.3 ton/yr by population. The loading of measured pollutant was investigated 452.5 ton/yr of nitrogen and 5.4 ton/yr of phosphorus in Namdae-cheon watershed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.97-98
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• 2003

나노/서브마이크론 크기의 입자는 최근 유해 입자상 물질 제거 및 오염 제어나 물질 제조 등의 분야에서 관심이 높아지고 있다. 보통 환경 입자상 물질로 불리는 0.1~l $\mu\textrm{m}$ 범위의 서브마이크론 입자는 자동차, 공장, 발전소, 소각로 등의 연소 과정에서 발생되어 상당량이 대기로 배출되는데, 인체에 유입되면 호흡기 장애나 암을 유발하는 등의 나쁜 영향을 미친다. 특히, 관성력과 확산력에 의한 영향이 적고 하전 입자의 전기적인 이동도도 낮기 때문에 집진장치나 공기청정장치에서 집진효율이 가장 낮은 크기 범위이다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1995

Wastes produce groundwater contamination, offensive odor, and hazardous gases. This study investigates the contamination of groundwater at the Seokdae waste landfill area and seeks the desirable ways to minimize the groundwater contamination. Groundwater levels, water chemistry and aquifer characteristics of wells were examined around the Seokdae waste landfill. The water chemistry of the Dong stream, the groundwater distribution and flow were also studied. The results of this research show that the estimated quantity of the percolation from the landfill base to the ground is 520 ㎥/day and the extent of groundwater contamination is about 1-1.5 km from the center of the waste landfill. The groundwater contains heavy metals and other toxic elements. The conservation and management of the groundwater of the waste landfill need several monitoring wells to check the quantity and quality of groundwater, pumping wells to extract the contaminated groundwater, and slurry walls to protect the movement of contaminated groundwater.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.141-153
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• 2018

Purpose : The subject site selected in this study was a place that was prepared through the reclamation of foreshore completed in 1973. Since then, the site has been occupied by the industry of ship repair for over 30 years. Method : The results of a precise soil examination conducted in 2013 showed that the site was seriously contaminated with TPH over an area of $10,000m^2$ and GL(-)3.0m in depth, with an expanding coverage of contamination. Results : The soil contamination by refined petroleum products often results in adverse effects to human health and ecological systems, thus the contamination should be purified as soon as possible. Conclusion : Hydrogeological investigation can be employed to assess the groundwater movement and propagation of contamination to determine the potential agents or contaminants in the soil contaminated with high concentration TPH.