• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.805-812
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• 2003

This study was conducted to examine effects of feeding dry TMR(DTMR), wet TMR(WTMR) and fermented TMR(FTMR) on rumen fermentation, enzyme activity and digestibility in the total tract of sheep. Three rumen cannulated sheep were used in a 3${\times}$3 latin square design. The present results showed that pH, NH3-N, total and individual VFA, A/P ratio and enzymes (CMCase, Xylanase and Protease) activity in the rumen were higher in WTMR and FTMR compared with DTMR. In addition, dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, NDF and ADF digestibility in the total tract were also higher in WTMR and FTMR compared with DTMR. Therefore, the present results showed that WTMR and FTMR are better than DTMR for rumen fermentation and nutrients digestibility.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.509-518
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• 2008

This experiment was conducted to investigate enzyme activity, antimicrobial activity, and antibiotics susceptibility of Lactobacilli strain(Lactobacillus reuteri BLA5, Lactobacillus crispatus BLA7, Lactobacillus reuteri BLA9, Lactobacillus amylovorus LLA7, Lactobacillus crispatus LLA9, Lactobacillus vaginalis LLA11) isolated from chicken ceca and were selected by organic acid synthesis, acid tolerance, bile salt tolerance. The enzymes activities were different among strains of Lactobacilli. The amylase activity and lipase activity of Lactobacillus were high but cellulase activity and protease activity of that were low. Lactobacillus culture showed high antimicrobial activity against E. coli but low antimicrobial activity against Salmonella. The inhibitory factor of Lactobacilli isolated from chickens’ cecum on E. coli was low pH by organic acid. All of Lactobacillus isolated from chicken’s cecum were susceptible to ampicillin and amoxicillin but weren’t susceptible at the optimum level of feed additive antibiotics(virginiamycin and salinomycin).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2009

This study analyzed the fatty acid and amino acid compositions of dorsal and fin muscles collected from olive flounder cultured using a formula feed(extruded pellets, EP) and compared them to those of fish cultured with a raw fish moist pellet(MP) feed as a control. The olive flounder in this study were cultured for 10 months with either the formulated extruded pellets(FEP), commercial extruded pellets(CEP), or the MP feed, and their average weight was 1.15 kg. The proximate compositions of the dorsal muscle were not different among the groups, whereas in the fin muscles of the fish fed with the MP diet, moisture content was higher and crude lipid content was lower. The major fatty acids in the dorsal and fin muscles of the fish fed with the MP, CEP, and FEP diets were palmitic acid and oleic acid. Finally, no significant differences were observed among the diet groups in the results for amino acid content or the sensory and textural properties of the muscle.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.203-213
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• 2003

Examination of correlation between blood compositions and economic traits is very important to improve selection accuracy and predict performance ability of Hanwoo, which may be impacted into the determination of feeding management as well as marketing places. This study was aimed to provide possible procedures of Hanwoo improvement as of early individual selection based on the phenotypic correlation between blood compositions and economic traits using 866 of Hanwoo managed at National Livestock Research Institute. Phenotypic correlation between blood compositions and economic traits was estimated for steer and bulls. BUN in steer and albumin and IGF-1 in bull were highly correlated with 24 mo of weight. Average daily gain of 21 to 24 mo was highly correlated with calcium in steer and albumin in bull. Back-fat thickness and marbling score were highly correlated with BUN in steer and bull, and meat yield index was highly correlated with calcium in steer and testosterone in bull. However, BUN, which is highly correlated with meat quality, was negatively correlated with meat yield index in steer and bull.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.783-798
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• 2004

This experiment were conducted to determine the formation of fatty acid soaps, digestibility and ruminal characteristics when vegetable oils were added. Three Corriedale${\times}$ 3 Latin square design. Sheep were fed one of three diets consisting of alfalfa hay and concentrates in a ratio of 70:30. Dietary treatments were 1) no oil, 2) 7% soybean oil and 3) 7% corn oil. At the end of each experimental period, rumen contents from each sheep were collected before feeding and at 1, 3, 6 and 9h after feeding. pH decreased up to the 3 hour after feeding and increased until the end of the collection(p<0.0001). Whereas the concentration of $NH_3$-N showed inverse changes to pH(p<0.0001). Type of oil did not affect the molar concentration of total VFA, acetate, propionate and butyrate. Acetic/propionic acid (A/P) ratio decreased with increasing time(P<0.0001), but the ratio at the end of the experiment became similar to the initial value. No effects were found in the digestibility of dry matter, total-N, crude fiber, ash, NFE, NDF and ADF. The formation of fatty acid soaps(FAS) increased after feeding than 1 hour before feeding(P<0.05) and increased in 7% oils than no oil addition(P<0.05). Long chain fatty acids formed mainly FAS. ince the formation of FAS might decrease negative effects on ruminal haracteristics and total tract digestibility.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2004

This involves identifying and cloning trapped genes from cultured cells carrying the gene-trap constructs and generating cloned zebrafish using these cells for functional study. Gene-trapping studies in gene-trapped cells were carried out in initial and cloned zebrafish carrying gene-trap events were successfully produced based on the nuclear transplantation technique. Two kind of retroviral gene-trap constructs were adopted. The first one(SA/GFP-TP), constructed in my laboratory, carries a GFP reporter gene containing a splicing acceptor and an internal neo gene. The second one(Neo-TP), obtained from Dr. Hicks (Hicks et al., 1997), contains a promoter-less neo gene located in the LTR sequence of a retroviral vector. The infected cells were subjected to drug selection(neomycin treatment) because the two constructs carry the neomycin resistant gene. All those cells survived the neomycin treatment should carry the proviral insertions. For Neo-TP, Isolated DNA from the neomycin-resistant fibroblast cells infected by Neo-TP, was digested with EcoR1 restriction enzyme and transformed into bacteria after ligation. This procedure led to the isolation of seven clones carrying flanking cellular DNA with a typical retroviral integration signature sequence. These clones contained genomic DNA ranging from 1kb to 7kb and sequences of 300-600 bp were obtained from each of the rescued plasmids. Database searching showed that all of them share high homology to zebrafish sequences. For fish cloning using tagged cells, initially, nucleus donors directly selected from a mixture of cells(Neo-TP cells) were used. A total of 44 embryos(3.7%) out of 1179 transplants were reached blastula stage; 8 of these embryos(0.8%) hatched and 3(0.3%) of them survived to adulthood. One out of three lived cloned zebrafish has an amplified fragment and was labeled with 32P.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.735-742
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• 2004

This study was conducted for the identification of pure Landrace, Large White and Duroc breeds which are mainly maintained in Korea using DNA markers. We used known KIT and MC1R mutations, which were related coat color in pigs, and pig mitochondrial DNA variations. The KIT mutation was used to distinguish white and colored animals. Duroc breed could be discriminated from other colored breeds using the MC1R mutation N121D. Discriminating Landrace and Large White was possible using the l l-bp duplication of D-Ioop region and alternative initiation codon of ND2. In conclusion, identification of Landrace, Large White and Duroc breeds was might be possible using the procedure designed in this study.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Intramuscular fat content(lMF) is considered as one of major economic traits in the pig breeding and industry. In general, high IMF results in better meat quality. Several approaches to detect quantitative trait 10ci( QTL) for IMF indicated a strong possibility of the existence of a QTL related to IMF between the microsatellite marker SW71 and SW1881 on SSC6q. Porcine FABP3 has been considered as a candidate gene affecting IMF due to its physiological roles and position on the pig genome. Two novel mutations, g.-114T> C and g.-158T>G were detected by duplicate sequencing of the porcine FABP3 promoter region. These two mutations were identified as absolute linkage disequilibrium. The g.-158T> G mutation was used for investigating relationships with growth and fat deposition traits. The GG genotype of the g.-158T> G polymorphism showed highly negative effects(P< 0.01) on body weights at 3 and 12 weeks of age, and a positive effect(P< 0.05) on IMF. However, backfat thickness(BF) and carcass fat(CF) content were not significantly associated with the genotype. The result indicates that the novel mutations, identified in this study, could be utilized as possible genetic markers to improve IMF, independent with BF.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2021

The skeletal muscle development of Hanwoo steer has been processed in the prenatal and postnatal periods. Bovine satellite cell located in perimysium of muscle tissues has differentially distributed in peripheral tissues. The study of postnatal development of satellite cells can help understand the genetic and functional regulation of meat characteristics. Factors affecting muscle size increase are related to the accumulation of DNA or synthesis of RNA proteins. In this study, we observed muscle development and differentiation after culturing bovine satellite cells derived from longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus regions of Hanwoo muscle tissue. In addition, RNA sequencing data were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEG) involved in intracellular muscle development and growth. The DEG of the two muscle tissues were compared according to 1day, 2day, 4day, and 7day. The overall gene expression level was confirmed by the heat map. Gene Ontology (GO) classification method was used to compare the expression level of gene groups affecting LD and SM development. The histology of GO was consistent with the time-cause change of LD and SM cell morphology. SM showed more active skeletal muscle development than LD. Even within the same time, SM expressed more genes than LD, thus synthesizing more muscle fibers

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2022

Subcutaneous abscesses, which occur mainly in goats and sheep, are lymph node abscesses caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection, and are divided into internal, external, and mixed types depending on the type of occurrence. While diagnostic methods for subcutaneous abscesses have been continuously studied, research reports for effective treatment and management of subcutaneous abscesses are inadequate. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the changes in biometric information related to the inflammatory markers of goats induced by subcutaneous abscesses by infection with C. pseudotuberculosis. For this, hematological tests, analysis of inflammatory indicators, and analysis of serum proteins through electrophoresis separation of goats with healthy goats and goats inoculated with C. pseudotuberculosis to induce subcutaneous abscesses were compared and analyzed by date, and the differences and characteristics were identified periodically. As a result, in goats induced with subcutaneous abscesses, anemia findings related to a rapid decrease in red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and hemoglobin (Hb) were observed, and a significant increase in inflammatory cells expressed in total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and monocytes was observed. And the levels of acute phase protein (APP) such as fibrinogen, haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A (SAA) were observed to increase rapidly immediately after infection. In addition, in the results of electrophoretic analysis of serum proteins, it was observed that the levels of α-globulin and β-globulin were significantly increased in goats with subcutaneous abscesses. That is, when looking at these changes, it was found that the systemic inflammatory response of goats was rapidly induced immediately after infection with the C. pseudotuberculosis pathogen. Through this study, it was possible to identify changes in the biomarkers of goats with subcutaneous abscesses, which had not been reported. Furthermore, these analyzed data are thoughts to be of great help in identifying, treating, and managing the goats of subcutaneous abscesses.