• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.57
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• pp.85-126
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• 2021

This study aims to examine the interaction between jazz musicians playing in domestic jazz clubs and audiences visiting jazz clubs in depth. This study conducted an in-depth interview, a qualitative research methodology, to find out the subjective views of jazz club musicians and audiences about jazz club performances, and analyzed the contents and presented the results. The results of this study are as follows: First, jazz musicians perceived jazz clubs as the center point of their musician careers, and from the perspective of the audience, jazz clubs were a place where jazz lovers gathered voluntarily, and where they could enjoy musical communication in a comfortable atmosphere. Second, jazz club performances gave jazz musicians the autonomy to play and considered them suitable for creating optimized sounds, and the audience recognized that jazz musicians could experience performances vividly on stage close to the audience. Third, the way jazz musicians interacted with the audience was active for musical communication with the audience, and the audience preferred the way that interaction could contribute to their performance, and the audience recognized the interaction through musical communication with the musician and the musician's consideration for the audience. Fourth, jazz musicians played a major role in realizing a performance in which interaction with the audience was complete, and audiences perceived interaction as a joy of improvisation, a bond with jazz musicians, and a special experience. This study confirmed the jazz club's status as a cultural space for the public's jazz enjoyment as well as a performance base that ultimately promotes the development and spread of jazz gods in Korea, and it is meaningful that it can serve as a guideline for jazz performance planning and jazz club operation from an art management perspective.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

Social distancing caused a sharp industrial stagnation in the performance industry. Due to the continuous industrial downturn, as well as the livelihoods of many related workers, the outlook for the performance industry has reached a point where it is impossible to foresee the future. As a result of seeking various ways to recover from the continuing industrial stagnation, online concerts drew attention as the most effective alternative. Its development potential was highly evaluated as it could provide a performance culture to consumers while complying with social distancing. This study has value in terms of academic contribution as it slightly suggests a direction for the sustainable development of online performances presented as a breakthrough amid the social and industrial stagnation caused by the pandemic. therefore, this thesis describes the changes in the performance industry due to social distancing, and collects and analyzes examples of online performances by type to illuminate the value of online performances as an industry in the pandemic era and develops them. The possibility was reconsidered and the direction to be taken in the future was suggested. In each type of case, the cases focused on social value did not satisfy the economic value of profit creatiom, and even in the opposite case, if the profit creation was satisfied, the analysis result showed that the social value was not satisfied, and the planning intention of each performance was not satisfied. Accordingly, cases such as satisfying both profit creation and social value were also confirmed. Therefore, the direction for online performances was presented through the improvement of technologies and systems and the commercialization of existing platforms.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.115-125
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• 2021

The study presented an online class case focusing on G University's writing course, and analyzed students' satisfaction. Through this, it aimed to analyze the possibility of online education and to explore efficient operation of online writing lectures. According to the result of looking into the online writing class run by G University, students' satisfaction with the online writing class was high. Despite the limited circumstances, students' participation in the class was high and they also actively participated in online correction. However, there was also a challenge to address. Online writing education showed limitations in terms of smooth communication with students. Correction of writing can be done online sufficiently but the limitations of communication should be supplemented to improve the completeness of interactive education. In addition, most of the students participated in online correction, but some did not participate. It is necessary to encourage students to participate voluntarily to make online classes take roots. After all, for the effective operation of online writing classes, strategies and systems for teaching and learning should be prepared for utilization of various educational video media, sufficient learning of theory and practice of writing, and smooth communication between professors and students. Only when these conditions are met, online writing classes will be able to operate steadily.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.525-530
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• 2023

Digital drawing subjects require the subdivision of evaluation elements and the graduality of evaluation according to the recent movement of the innovative curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to present the criteria for evaluating the drawing and to propose it as a rubric evaluation. In the text, criteria for beginner evaluation were technical skills such as the accuracy and consistency of the line, the ratio and balance of the picture, and the ability to effectively utilize various brushes and tools at the intermediate levels. In the advanced evaluation section, it is a part of a new perspective or originality centered on creativity and originality, and a unique perspective or interpretation of a given subject. In addition, as an understanding of design principles, the evaluation of completeness was derived focusing on the ability to actively utilize various functions of digital drawing software through design principles such as placement, color, and shape. The importance of introducing rubric evaluation is to allow instructors to make objective and consistent evaluations, and the key to research in rubric evaluation in these art subjects is to help learners clearly grasp their strengths and weaknesses, and learners can identify what needs to be improved and develop better drawing skills accordingly through feedback on each item.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.389-399
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• 2008

Corrections of attenuation, scatter and resolution are important in order to improve the accuracy of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image reconstruction. Especially, the heart movement by respiration and beating cause the errors in the corrections. Myocardial phantom is used to verify the correction methods, but there are many different parts in the current phantoms in actual human body. Therefore the results using a phantom are often considered apart from the clinical data. We developed a new phantom that implements the human body structure around the thorax more faithfully. The new phantom has the small mediastinum which can simulate the structure in which the lung adjoins anterior, lateral and apex of myocardium. The container was made of acrylic and water-equivalent material was used for mediastinum. In addition, solidified polyurethane foam in epoxy resin was used for lung. Five different sizes of myocardium were developed for the quantitative gated SPECT (QGS). The septa of all different cardiac phantoms were designed so that they can be located at the same position. The proposed phantom was attached with liver and gallbladder, the adjustment was respectively possible for the height of them. The volumes of five cardiac ventricles were 150.0, 137.3, 83.1, 42.7 and 38.6ml respectively. The SPECT were performed for the new phantom, and the differences between the images were examined after the correction methods were applied. The three-dimensional tomography of myocardium was well reconstructed, and the subjective evaluations were done to show the difference among the various corrections. We developed the new cardiac and torso phantom, and the difference of various corrections was shown on SPECT images and QGS results.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.225-233
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• 2012

The 3D stereoscopic image contents have been emerging as the blue chip of the contents market of the next generation since the . However, all the 3D contents created commercially in the country have failed to enter box office. It is because the quality of Korean 3D contents is much lower than that of overseas contents and also current 3D post production process is based on 2D. Considering all these facts, the 3D editing process has connection with the quality of contents. The current 3D editing processes of the production case of are using the way that edits with the system on basis of 2D, followed by checking with 3D display system and modifying, if there are any problems. In order to improve those conditions, I suggest that the 3D editing process contain more objectivity by visualizing the depth data applied in some composition work such as Disparity map, Depth map, and the current 3D editing process. The proposed process has been used in the music drama , comparing with those of the film . The 3D values could be checked among cuts which have been changed a lot since those of , while the 3D value of drew an equal result in general. Since the current process is based on an artist's subjective sense of 3D, it could be changed according to the condition and state of the artist. Furthermore, it is impossible for us to predict the positive range, so it is apprehended that the cubic effect of space might be perverted by showing each different 3D value according to cuts in the same space or a limited space. On the other hand, the objective 3D editing by applying the visualization of depth data can adjust itself to the cubic effect of the same space and the whole content equally, which will enrich the 3D contents. It will even be able to solve some problems such as distortion of cubic effect and visual fatigue, etc.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.352-368
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• 2008

This study was done to evaluate the reliability of the digital color analysis system (ShadeScan, CYNOVAD, Montreal. Canada) for dentistry. Sixteen tooth models were made by injecting the A2 shade chemical cured resin for temporary crown into the impression acquired from 16 adults. Surfaces of the model teeth were polished with resin polishing cloth. The window of the ShadeScan handpiece was placed on the labial surface of tooth and tooth images were captured, and each tooth shade was analyzed with the ShadeScan software. Captured images were selected in groups, and compared one another. Two models were selected to evaluate repeatability of ShadeScan, and shade analysis was performed 10 times for each tooth. And, to ascertain the color difference of same shade code analyzed by ShadeScan, CIE $L^*a^*b^*$values of shade guide of Gradia Direct (GC, Tokyo, Japan) were measured on the white and black background using the Spectrolino (GretagMacbeth, USA), and Shade map of each shade guide was captured using the ShadeScan. There were no teeth that were analyzed as A2 shade and unique shade. And shade mapping analyses of the same tooth revealed similar shade and distribution except incisal third. Color difference (${\Delta}E^*$) among the Shade map which analyzed as same shade by ShadeScan were above 3. Within the limits of this study, digital color analysis instrument for dentistry has relatively high repeatability, but has controversial in accuracy.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.72-75
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• 2011

Purpose: The HSV1-tk reporter gene system is the most widely used system because of its advantage is that it is possible to monitor directly without the introduction of a separate reporter gene in case of HSV1-tk suicide gene therapy. This study was performed to automate 9-(4-[$^{18}F$] Fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl) guanine ([$^{18}F$] FHBG) that are widely used as substrate for the HSV1-tk reporter gene in living organisms with positron emission tomography (PET) and find the optimized conditions of synthesis. Materials and Methods: Fully automated synthesis of [$^{18}F$] FHBG was performed using Explora-RN (CTI, USA) module. We have changed of reaction time (3, 5, 10 min) and temperature (110, 120, $130^{\circ}C$) for the optimized conditions of synthesis. Also we experimented to find the optimal concentration of precursor (5, 7, 10 mg). Results: [$^{18}F$] FHBG was purified by HPLC system and collected at around 10-12 min. Synthesis using Explora-RN module showed a $32.0{\pm}1.2%$ yield of radiochemical (decay corrected), the purity was greater than 98%. And the entire synthesis time was less than 48 min. Temperature of the highest synthesis yield was $130^{\circ}C$, reaction time was 5 minutes and concentration of precursor was 10 mg (recommended volume in manual) (n=36). In contrast to radiochemical yield of precursor 10 mg ($32{\pm}1.2%$), yield of 5 and 7 mg precursor was unstable. Conclusion: Automation of [$^{18}F$] FHBG synthesis at Explora-RN module has been completed. In addition, we were able to obtain optimized reaction time, temperature and concentration of precursor. Therefore this study would be provided more rapid synthesis and higher radiochemical yield.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.321-327
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• 2014

Purpose : To verify the accuracy of the Ecilpse's dose calculation algorithm(AAA:Analytic anisotropic algorithm) in case of a radiation treatment on Inhomogeneous tissues using FFF beam comparing dose distribution at TPS with actual distribution. Materials and Methods : After acquiring CT images for radiation treatment by the location of tumors and sizes using the solid water phantoms, cork and chest tumor phantom made of paraffin, we established the treatment plan for 6MV photon therapy using our radiation treatment planning system for chest SABR, Ecilpse's AAA(Analytic anisotropic algorithm). According to the completed plan, using our TrueBeam STx(Varian medical system, Palo Alto, CA), we irradiated radiation on the chest tumor phantom on which EBT2 films are inserted and evaluated the dose value of the treatment plan and that of the actual phantom on Inhomogeneous tissue. Results : The difference of the dose value between TPS and measurement at the medial target is 1.28~2.7%, and, at the side of target including inhomogeneous tissues, the difference is 2.02%~7.40% at Ant, 4.46%~14.84% at Post, 0.98%~7.12% at Rt, 1.36%~4.08% at Lt, 2.38%~4.98% at Sup, and 0.94%~3.54% at Inf. Conclusion : In this study, we discovered the possibility of dose calculation's errors caused by FFF beam's characteristics and the inhomogeneous tissues when we do SBRT for inhomogeneous tissues. SBRT which is most popular therapy method needs high accuracy because it irradiates high dose radiation in small fraction. So, it is supposed that ideal treatment is possible if we minimize the errors when planning for treatment through more study about organ's characteristics like Inhomogeneous tissues and FFF beam's characteristics.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.336-345
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analysis ERF components patterns of causal questions generated during the observation of biological phenomenon. First, the system that shows pictures causing causal questions based on biological phenomenon (evoked picture system) was developed in a way of cognitive psychology. The ERF patterns of causal questions based on time-series brain processing was observed using MEG. The evoked picture system was developed by R&D method consisting of scientific education experts and researchers. Tasks were classified into animal (A), microbe (M), and plant (P) tasks according to biological species and into interaction (I), all (A), and part (P) based on the interaction between different species. According to the collaboration with MEG team in the hospital of Seoul National University, the paradigm of MEG task was developed. MEG data about the generation of scientific questions in 5 female graduate student were collected. For examining the unique characteristic of causal question, MEG ERF components were analyzed. As a result, total 100 pictures were produced by evoked picture and 4 ERF components, M1(100~130ms), M2(220~280ms), M3(320~390ms), M4(460~520ms). The present study could guide personalized teaching-learning method through the application and development of scientific question learning program.