• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1973

The adsorptivity of Methylene Blue on Korean Yeongil bentonite which was premixed with a salt of KF or $NH_{4}Cl$ etc., treated at $200-500^{\circ}C$, washed and dried, was studied. In case of treatment with$NH_{4}Cl$, slight improvement of the adsorptivity of methylene blue on the products was observed. With KF, treated at$200-300^{\circ}C$, the best results was obtained. The adsorption capacity of the products was improved about 1.7 times than that of original bentonite. With $FeSO_4$ or $Na_{2}CO_3$ etc. improvement of the adsorption capacity on the products was not observed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1333-1337
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• 2005

본 연구는 강우로 인한 도시 배수구역에서의 유출량 및 수질을 예측하기 위하여 영산강 유역의 도시하천이며 합류식 배수계통을 갖는 용봉천을 대상으로 SWMM 모형을 적용하였다. SWMM 모형의 매개변수 최적화 및 검증자료로 사용하기 위하여 강우시 2회에 걸쳐 조사하였으며, 매회 시료 채취 주기는 강우유출이 발생하기 전부터 시작하여 첨두유출량이 발생때까지 $1\~2$시간 간격으로 채취한 후 강우 종료 후 유출량 변화가 없을 때까지 $9\~12$단계로 세분하여 유출량과 pH, DO, BOD, COD, SS, T-N, T-P의 농도를 측정하였다. 모형의 입력자료는 국립지리원의 지형도, 환경부의 환경지리정보, 농업과학기술원의 정밀토양도 등을 기초로 각 배수구역의 소유역을 분할하여 물리학적$\cdot$수리학적 매개변수에 해당하는 입력자료를 산출하였으며 그림1과 같다. 모형의 보정자료는 2004년 6월 17일에 실측한 자료를 이용하여 침투능 계수 및 축적계수와 지수, 쓸림계수를 보정하였고, 검증자료로는 2004년 7월 7일에 실측한 자료를 이용하여 검증자료로 사용하였다. SWMM 모델을 적용해서 강우유출에 의한 hydrograph와 pollutograph를 도출하여 부하량을 산정 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.134-147
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is, focusing on the ancient paintings and literatures, by examining Flowering Plants and drawing their cultivating methods, to provide a ground of utilizing them on the modern landscaping. In the scope and method of this study, 766 pieces of ancient paintings(6 garden paintings and 760 folk paintings) which were available and had value as literatures, and 8 of ancient literatures were intensively examined. Main results extracted from them are as follows. First, the most frequently used Flowering Plants in Joseon Dynasty were Prunus mume, pbyllostachys, Nelumbo nucifera, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Musa basjoo, Rosa spp., Rhododendron mucronulatum, Paeonia lactiflora, which appeared 11 times to 16 times in total. Next frequently(4 times to 8 times) used Flowering Plants were Gardenia jasminoides, Punica granatum(8 times), Dianthus chinensis, Vitis vinifera(7 times), Orchidaceae, Syringa velutina, Impatiens balsamina, Hemerocallis fulva, Celosia cristata, Hibiscus Syriacus, Rhododendron indicum(6 times), Rhododendron, Rhododendron obutusum, Acorus calamus, Althaea rosea, Kerria japonica, Citrus junos(5 times), Hibiscus mutabilis, Lychnis cognata, Calendula officnalis, Begonia rex., Helianthus annuus, Papaver spp., Narcissus tazetta, Daphne odora, Hosta plantaginea(4 times). Second, usage of the Flowering Plants in Joseon Dynasty can be divided into character building and horticulture for pleasure through positive, scientific approach attempt. It suggests that there might have been classes in the use of them and we can estimate which plants were particularly preferred. Third, in the symbolicity of the usage of Flowering Plants, it can be divided into three parts: The case of representing integrity, gentleman, honesty and nobility and the thought of loyalty and filial piety under the influence of Confucianism. The case of representing Taoism's thought of hermit and perennial youth and long life. The case of representing wish on wealth and prosperity. So if we make a good use of it, we may draw a meaning of cultivation of Flowering Plants from it. This is your target audience or the good luck to all he plants is aimed at, you can see the occurred. Fourth, the Joseon Dynasty was the use of flowering plants are the line of rain wanted to be more consistent with the spirit world. This is shown as a symbol of their ancestors. Joseon Dynasty was used, resulting in a kind of flowering plant and is not a subjective judgement criteria A psychological approach to the side when interpreting the Joseon Dynasty flowering plants to take advantage of the landscape of the area will widen in scope.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.259-268
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• 2005

There has been a growing interest in the elimination of anoxic layer in the Youngsan River Estuarybecause the anoxic water mass caused mainly by the inflow of fresh water from the sea wall might cause the mass reduction of benthos during summer. An ocean outfall system to discharge treated wastewater into sea water may be used as one of the effective and economical ways to eliminate the anoxic layer. The suitable ocean outfall design is generally proposed for the prediction of the buoyant jet behavior in the near field. The parameters including CTD and current data are taken into account f3r more reliable buoyant jet behavior calculation. One of the numerical models, CORMIX 1, approved by EPA is used herein for the prediction of the trajectorial variation of the cross-sectional salinity and DO concentration distribution on the calculated buoyant jet boundary according to the tidal periods. On the basis of the results, it is suggested that the single port outfall is a useful system to eliminate the anoxic layer. Proper strategies are also proposed for achieving desirable ambient conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.499-510
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• 2021

This is a descriptive research study on industrial workers to understand the effects of drinking patterns, job stress, and leisure satisfaction on their health promotion behavior. Subjects of the survey were 207 workers undergoing health checkups at three hospitals in U metropolitan city. Data was collected from November 1, 2019, to November 30, 2019, through a structured questionnaire. The IBM SPSS 24.0 program was used to analyze data. The subjects' drinking frequency was 2 to 3 times a week, (36.3%), and the motive was a social gathering (54.6%). The averages were 62.46±5.59 for job stress, 30.29±6.39 leisure satisfaction, 125.64±8.77 for health promotion behaviors, which was higher than the median. Health promotion behavior was found to have a statistically significant positive correlation with job stress (r=.227, p<.001) and leisure satisfaction (r=.542, p<.001). A multiple regression analysis of the factors affecting health-promoting behavior showed that this is affected by drinking patterns, job stress, and leisure with an explanatory power of 29.7%. Based on this study, continuous support is needed for industrial workers to relieve their social gathering and job stress through leisure activities, not drinking, and we expect them to improve their quality of life through a healthy lifestyle and health promotion behavior.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.68-73
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed a readout circuit of pulse waveform and rate for a U-health system to monitor health condition. For long-time operation without replacing or charging a battery, either pulse waveform or pulse rate is selected as the output data of the proposed readout circuit according to health condition of a user. The proposed readout circuit consists of a simple digital logic discriminator and a dual-mode ADC which operates in the ADC mode or in the count mode. Firstly, the readout circuit counts pulse rate for 4 seconds in the count mode using the dual-mode ADC. Health condition is examined after the counted pulse rate is accumulated for 1 minute in the discriminator. If the pulse rate is out of the preset normal range, the dual-mode ADC operates in the ADC mode where pulse waveform is converted into 10-bit digital data with the sampling frequency of 1 kHz. These data are stored in a buffer and transmitted by 620 kbps to an external monitor through a RF transmitter. The data transmission period of the RF transmitter depends on the operation mode. It is generally 1 minute in the normal situation or 1 ms in the emergency situation. The proposed readout circuit was designed with $0.11{\mu}m$ process technology. The chip area is $460{\times}800{\mu}m^2$. According to measurement, the power consumption is $161.8{\mu}W$ in the count mode and $507.3{\mu}W$ in the ADC mode with the operating voltage of 1 V.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.9
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• pp.31-39
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a signal readout system with small area and low power consumption for CNT sensor arrays. The proposed system consists of signal readout circuitry, a digital controller, and UART I/O. The key components of the signal readout circuitry are 64 transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) and SAR-ADC with 11-bit resolution. The TIA adopts an active input current mirror (AICM) for voltage biasing and current amplification of a sensor. The proposed architecture can reduce area and power without sampling rate degradation because the 64 TIAs share a variable gain amplifier (VGA) which needs large area and high power due to resistive feedback. In addition, the SAR-ADC is designed for low power with modified algorithm where the operation of the lower bits can be skipped according to an input voltage level. The operation of ADC is controlled by a digital controller based on UART protocol. The data of ADC can be monitored on a computer terminal. The signal readout circuitry was designed with 0.13${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. It occupies the area of 0.173 $mm^2$ and consumes 77.06${\mu}W$ at the conversion rate of 640 samples/s. According to measurement, the linearity error is under 5.3% in the input sensing current range of 10nA - 10${\mu}A$. The UART I/O and the digital controller were designed with 0.18${\mu}m$ CMOS technology and their area is 0.251 $mm^2$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1229-1233
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• 2005

본 연구는 도시지역의 강우-유출로 인한 비점오염물질의 유출특성 및 배출부하량을 조사하기 위하여 영산강권역의 풍영정천을 대상으로 조사하였다. 대상 유역의 토지이용별 구분은 논지역, 하류공단 및 논$\cdot$산지 복합 토지 이용특성, 공단 지역, 도시 분류식 지역, 소유역 출구지역으로 구분하였다. 시료의 채취는 강우시 4회에 걸쳐 조사하였으며, 매회 시료 채취 주기는 강우유출이 발생하기 전부터 시작하여 첨두유출량이 발생때까지 $1\~2$시간 간격으로 채취한 후 강우 종료 후 유출량 변화가 없을 때까지 $9\~12$단계로 세분하여 유출량과 pH, DO, BOD, COD, SS, T-N, T-P의 농도를 측정 하였다. 토지이용별 비점오염물질의 유량가중평균농도(EMC : Event Mean Concentration)를 살펴보면, BOD의 EMC는 $4.43\~14.22mg/{\ell}$의 분포를 보였으며, 도시 합류식 토지이용 특성을 지닌 P-4지점에서 가장 큰 농도를 보였을 뿐만 아니라 타 토지이용 특성에 비하여 두드러지게 초기 오염물질 유출 현상을 나타내었다. COD의 EMC는 $8.27\~18.81mg/{\ell}$의 분포를 보였으며, BOD 수질농도와 같이 P-4 지점에서 가장 큰 농도를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. SS의 EMC는 $35.76\~358.86mg/{\ell}$의 분포를 보였으며, 소유역의 중간지점이면서 논$\cdot$산지$\cdot$공단지역의 토지이용 특성을 지닌 P-2 지점에서 가장 큰 농도를 나타내었다. 이는 조사기간(Event 1, Event2) 동안 상류의 자연형하천 제방공사로 인한 토사유출로 인하여 다소 높게 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 대상유역 전반적으로 초기 오염물질 유출 현상을 보였으며, BOD와 COD 수질농도의 분포양상과는 다르게 강우량 및 강우강도에 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. T-N의 EMC는 $1.61\~7.13mg/{\ell}$의 분포를 보였으며, T-P는 $0.03\~0.46mg/{\ell}$의 분포를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1234-1238
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• 2005

우리나라의 수질오염에 대한 규제는 주로 호소 및 하천의 수질을 향상시키기 위하여 하수 및 공장폐수 등 점오염원을 중심으로 관리되어 왔으나 강우와 함께 대량 유출된 비점오염원은 수용하천의 자정능력을 감소시키고 있고 이로 인해 하천과 호소의 수질은 향상되지 못하고 있다. 또한, 농촌지역에서 배출되는 비점오염원은 정확한 기작의 분석이 안 되고 있으며, 비료$\cdot$농약의 사용 증가에 따라 영양염 및 유해물질에 의한 수질오염의 영향이 증가되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 농촌지역의 강우-유출로 인한 비점오염물질의 유출특성 및 배출부하량을 조사하기 위하여 영산강권역의 외남천을 대상으로 조사하였다. 대상 유역의 토지용도 구분은 (1)논지역, (2)밭지역, (3)산지지역, (4)농촌주거지역, (5)복합지역(논, 산지)으로 구분하였다. 시료의 채취는 강우시 5회에 걸쳐 조사하였으며, 2L 용량의 무균채수병에 채취한 후, 아이스박스에 $4^{\circ}C$이하로 보관하여 24시간 이내로 실험실에 운반하여 실험하였으며, 매회 시료 채취 주기는 강우유출이 발생하기 전부터 강우 종료 후 유출량 변화가 없을 때까지 $9\~12$단계로 세분하여 유출량과 pH, DO, BOD, COD, SS, T-N, T-P의 농도를 측정하였다. 본 연구에서 조사한 결과 토지이용별 비점오염원의 SMC를 살펴보면 BOD의 SMC는 $4.38\~11.02mg/{\ell}$, COD의 SMC는 $7.07\~23.99mg/{\ell}$, T-N은 $1.57\~5.20mg/{\ell}$, T-P는 $0.11\~0.274mg/{\ell}$의 범위를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 전반적으로 논 지역에서 비교적 높게 나타났는데 이는 농작물의 경작에 따른 시비법의 영향으로 판단된다. 또한, 비점오염원의 유출특성을 보면 전반적으로 초기 오염물질 유출특성 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.10
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• pp.67-71
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• 2011

Existing face detection systems, which are used for digital door locks, digital cameras, video surveillance systems, and so on, are software-based implementation for relatively low level resolution images. Therefore, in this case, there are difficulties in detecting faces in a real-time fashion due to the increasing amount of operational processing as well as in allowing the requirements of face detections for HD(High Definition) resolutions. A hardware approach is necessary to efficiently find faces for HD images in real-time embedded systems. This paper proposes and implements a hardware architecture for an LBP(Local Binary Pattern) operation which is a time-consuming part as one of preprocessing steps for face detection. The hardware architecture proposed in this research has been implemented and tested with a FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) chip, and shown that the approach guarantees efficient face detection for HD images.